Five revelations from The Scholars
The Scholars is a combination of short art and long art.. Although it is generally classified as a novel, its structure is quite different from what people usually call a novel. Here are five revelations from The Scholars I compiled. I hope you like them.
. Three glasses of turbid wine will get drunk, and the water will fade away. "This is a few words at the beginning of The Scholars. It can be said that this is also the soul of the whole book. In the fifth grade Chinese textbook, there is a text "Yan Jiansheng before he died" selected from The Scholars. In teaching, I need to know the source of this text and the related background introduction. When I assigned the students the task of reading famous books, I also read them carefully. This reading has a teaching task to read, and the thinking in reading also revolves around the relevant details that appear in teaching. Because this class is a Chinese study class at school, I have only a superficial understanding of this book.
during the holiday, I read it again with a completely relaxed mood, and I felt deeply. Lu Xun once commented on this feudal novel in Qing Dynasty. "If you gather all the broken brocade and combine it into a post, although it is not huge, you can see the difference from time to time." I feel the same way about this. It is this sentence that has harmed groups of scholars. They regard reading as a stepping stone-"The book has its own golden house, the book has its own happiness, and the book has its own beautiful mother …". For money, for wealth, they can study hard, from black hair to white hair: Liang Hao, who won the top prize at the age of 8, Zhou Jin, who was a "little friend", and Fan Jin, who was mad with joy after taking the exam for decades ... How many scholars are haggard and have no regrets for fame and fortune? Mr. Lu Xun called the feudal ethics a man-eating ethics, and called the feudal imperial examination system a system that harmed people.
Reading actually emphasizes a long process of seeking knowledge. Wang Guowei said very well that reading is divided into three realms: one is determination, the other is struggle, and the third is success. And those in the Confucian forest who are bent on fame, the first step-determination, went wrong. In my opinion, reading is a process in which people are constantly absorbing spiritual food. The most important thing is to absorb it and then transform it into its own strength. This is consistent with the effect of three meals a day: eating, absorbing nutrition, and then promoting self-growth. Unfortunately, some students in the Confucian forest only pay attention to "food", that is, they study for decades, but ignore absorption. For them, reading is just a tool to knock on the door of prosperity. Once the goal is achieved, this tool is worthless. These people, even if they study all their lives, will not have any knowledge to absorb and transform into their own strength. Of course, there are people in the Confucian forest who are "drunk and awake alone, turbid and clear alone". Wang Mian is one of them. Since childhood, he has been herding cattle for his neighbors because of his poor family. On the cow's back, he still read widely, and even taught himself to become a famous pen for painting flowers. But Wang Mian's temperament is different, and he doesn't ask for an official position. Can be in front of fame, quiet inside, unmoved, and only Wang Mian these Confucian forest phoenix feather scale Angle.
In feudal society, the imperial examination system and the darkness of officialdom, and the degeneration of the Confucian scholars. The author felt very sighed and saddened. But at the same time, the author also feels helpless as a folk bachelor. He can't resist this, he can only choose to sigh and struggle with excess passion. Wu Jingzi used one of his old pens to write about the sorrows and sighs of scholars for hundreds of years, and wrote about the prosperous Confucian scholars that the author had been looking forward to all his life. The author hopes that he can arouse the inner voice of all upright literati and rediscover the clean and ancient road of the scholars. Wu Jingzi's The Scholars is indeed a classic.
a volume "The Scholars" tells the story of the ups and downs of the scholars for a hundred years. Chapter 2
It took a week or so to reread The Scholars. The plot in the book is more trivial than that in A Dream of Red Mansions, and there are no core events and figures running through it. There are many technical terms and phrases in the middle, and some chapters (mainly after thirty chapters) are boring to read. Fortunately, there are many places in this book where tea is mentioned intentionally or unintentionally, so I have the motivation to finish eating the book.
According to my experience, a writer's preferences are always unconsciously revealed in his works. For example, Mr. Jin Yong likes Buddhism, so his martial arts novels are far more involved in Buddhism than other martial arts masters in depth and breadth. Murasaki shikibu is well versed in Sinology, so it is amazing that he often quotes allusions from Historical Records and famous sentences from Bai Changqing Collection in Tales of Genji.
It is obvious that Wu Jingzi is very ruthless when he writes about those who seek fame and gain, and those who do not make up their minds, especially when their posturing is smashed or exposed by others. However, when the author wrote about drinking tea, his brushwork suddenly became warm and poetic. When he mentioned the richness and prosperity of Jiangnan, he even mentioned tea with great colors, and even used it as the temple army: "When the water is full, draw boats and drums, day and night. Outside the city, Lin Gong Fan Yu and Bi Wa Zhu Da were four hundred and eighty temples in the Six Dynasties, but now there are more than four thousand and eight hundred temples! Streets and alleys, together, there are six or seven hundred restaurants and more than a thousand tea houses. No matter you go into a back alley, there is always a place where lanterns are hung to sell tea, fresh flowers are inserted, and good rain is cooked. The tea shop is full of people who eat tea. " Such good writing gives people the illusion of reading Dream Liang Lu and Tokyo Dream Hua Lu. In Wu Jingzi's view, a city with good tea everywhere is a paradise.
All kinds of romantic "celebrities", well-dressed gentlemen, and even hustlers and pawns in it must have tea when they meet. When they meet people with good conditions and exquisite conditions, Wu Jingzi will list all the exquisite refreshments that accompany tea, although those refreshments are dispensable according to the plot. The most shocking thing is that the people in the custom industry received the clients from the penultimate time, and the tea was also very exquisite: "There was a big copper brazier burning red charcoal in the middle of the room, sipping copper and stewing rain. Hire Niang to pinch out the silver needle tea in a tin bottle with hands, put it in Yixing pot, flush it with water, and hand it to the fourth master ... "Even the cow with poor conditions will" pour out two pieces of orange cakes and some candied eggplant in a jar and pour a cup of tea ... "If the conditions are good, such as Du Shenqing, call for snacks, which is the sale of lard dumplings and duck meat buns. Everyone ate it, and it was Lu' an Maojian tea simmered in rain, each with a bowl. " I can't wait to see it, and I want to take tea to drink with me.
Of course, tea also promotes the development of the story. For example, in order to please Dong Xiaolian, Niu Pu, who was courting for fame and fame, asked his uncle-in-law, Bu Xin, to serve tea, but he also had to be criticized and ridiculed for his lack of courtesy: "Whenever the government comes to worship, the rule is to change the tea three times, and you only sent it once, and it disappeared ... Master Dong laughed enough when he saw you two dusty people, so why wait until you took the wrong tea!" Bu Cheng also mercilessly scolded these villains for the author: "No nonsense! Even if you are a master, you are not a master after all! " Forty-seventh time, Cheng Torre boasted that he was invited to dinner by the local rich and powerful Fang Laoliu (in fact, he didn't) and was teased by Yu Huaxuan. Cheng Torre was tricked by Yu Huaxuan into going to the Fangfu for dinner, and the result was empty. Cheng Torre returned to Yu Huaxuan's home in a despondent way, and was a big feast guest, feeling that "Cheng Torre turned his back on us and ate the good things from Fangjia, so happy!" Let the page soak the old tea with good digestion and eat it with Cheng's father. "That bowl of old tea, a bowl on the left and a bowl on the right, was sent to Cheng's father. The more he ate, the hungrier he became, and the bitterness in his stomach could not be said." It's fun to watch it and hide it.
My favorite reading in the book is the fourteenth time, in which I wrote about Mr. Ma Er, a family member, who visited the West Lake and enjoyed all the places of interest. When he was tired, he went to the teahouse for tea and snacks, and when he was tired, he continued to visit the teahouse or tea kiosk ... Although he was suspected of keeping a running account, it was the most interesting time in the whole book, with many interesting paragraphs, such as "Mr. Ma Er is long and wears a tall square." Women don't look at him, and he doesn't look at women. He ran back and forth, then came out and sat in the tea booth-a horizontal plaque on it, and the word "Golden Book South Screen"-and ate a bowl of tea. There are many dishes on the cupboard: orange cakes, sesame candy, zongzi, sesame cakes, sliced noodles, black dates and boiled chestnuts. Mr. Ma Er bought a few dollars for each, no matter how good or bad, he ate a full meal. " This kind of writing is extremely lively and interesting.
Throughout The Scholars, the stories in it mainly take place in these famous southern cities, such as Nanjing, Hangzhou, Suzhou, Yangzhou and Huizhou. If we don't talk about tea, we are really sorry for Longjing in Hangzhou, Biluochun in Suzhou, morning tea culture in Yangzhou, melon chips in Lu 'an, Maojian in Huangshan, Monkey Kui in Taiping and Qimen black tea near Huizhou, and we are also sorry for Tianmu Mountain tea lamps and lanterns in Hangzhou.
Shi Jia, a native of Zhijiang, is a Chinese teacher and a Chinese teacher. Honest, fond of calligraphy, close friends with books. Enlightenment from The Scholars 3
I have read many books this semester, but among so many books, the Scholars is the only one that keeps me fresh in my memory, and the stories in the book have always kept me in mind.
The Scholars is a famous classical satire novel in China. It concentrates many characters, reflects the decadent and dark social reality in the late feudal society through vivid artistic images, criticizes the stereotyped imperial examination system, and exposes the evil and hypocrisy of reactionary rule. Wu Jingzi, the author of the novel, uses vivid artistic images such as Zhou Jin and Fan Jin to expose the corruption and hypocrisy of the rulers with pungent brushstrokes. As an outstanding satirical novel, his works typically reproduce the truth of life through centralized generalization, revealing their irrationality, ridiculousness, contemptibility and even abomination.
Even so, there are many literati in this article, such as Wang Mian and Xiao Yunxian. Among them, I admire Wang Mian the most, because when he was a child, his family was poor and he couldn't afford to go to school, so his mother had to let him herd cattle next door. Wang Mian, who was sensible, understood the situation at home and promised to come down. He went to herd cattle every day. When he grew up, he learned to draw lotus flowers, so that he could maintain his family life by painting. But he has been painting for the poor. Later, an official asked him to paint, but he hesitated and reluctantly agreed. Later, someone asked him to be an official, but he led an honest and clean life and refused resolutely. He often uses plum as a metaphor for his honest quality, just as he wrote in the poem Mo Mei: "My family is the first tree in Xiyan Lake, and the flowers are blossoming with light ink marks. Don't boast of good colors, just leave the air full of dry Kun. "
I think: Isn't Wang Mian's quality of leading an honest and clean life and not afraid of powerful people what we should learn? Indeed, we should learn from Wang Mian, be considerate of our parents and family difficulties since childhood. Learn to be strong even if you encounter difficulties. In the face of wealth, Wang Mian chose to live in seclusion instead of enjoying it. Isn't this something we should learn? In the face of those shameless people in life, we should not avoid them, but dare to blame them; In the face of people who are in trouble around us, we should give more encouragement and love. Just as "looking at a thousand fingers with a frown, bowing your head and being a willing ox." Chapter 4 of The Scholars
In a series of bitter satirical words, I seem to see the dissatisfaction and angry cries of people who were poisoned by the imperial examination in the old days against feudal stubborn ethics.
Zhou Jin in The Scholars impressed me deeply. When he first appeared, Zhou Jin was an old boy in his sixties. After working as a teacher in Wenshang County for three years, the student Gu Xiaosheren became a scholar, and he was no longer qualified to continue teaching. He was reduced to a private school in Xue Jiaji Guanyin 'an to make a living, and was mocked and snubbed by the scholar Mei Jiu and Juren Wang Jin. Soon, he was forced by life to act as an accountant for a group of businessmen, passing by Hiram's hospital and touching the scene. I have been pursuing fame and fortune for most of my life, but I can't wait for it. I have been insulted and mixed with grief and indignation. I suddenly let it out, turned into a room full of tears, and bumped into the number plate, and I was stiff and unconscious. When I read this, I can't help feeling sad. Zhou Jin is just a representative. How many people in the world have been poisoned by feudal ethics, and how many people have delayed their youth by drilling puzzling esoteric ancient classics, making human nature disappear, respecting the rich and despising the poor, and making society restless!
Zhou Jin said, "If you do this, you will be reborn as a parent. I will serve you when I become a donkey and a horse!" Climbing underground, I hit a few heads. It can be seen that he has been deeply poisoned by the imperial examination and cannot extricate himself. This is a "strong" social atmosphere.
Since then, Zhou Jin's life has suddenly undergone a comic change. If we say that we were down and out in the past and suffered from cold eyes, we can say that the spring breeze has been smooth sailing since then. Being an imperial scholar, being an imperial advisor and learning Tao, I rose all the way to imperial academy Division. His rising official career is even more ugly, which is a criticism of the whole scholar class and civil society.
Zhou Jin bought a supervisor with money and read an article by an old boy named Fan Jin. Because there was nothing to do, I read it several times more, only then did I realize that the article was full of mystery, wonderful changes, and the encounter was very similar to my own, which immediately produced a * * * sound. Between the lines, it also reflects the irony of the invigilators in the examination room: they swallow the dates, are careless and don't know the talents.
In fact, from the bitter irony, I also read a comforting point, that is, some people have begun to realize the harm and want revolution to change the status quo, which is the sublimation of ideas. Enlightenment of The Scholars 5
The Scholar is written by Wu Jingzi. His life was poisoned by the imperial examination system, and his life has been suffering, but it also shortened the distance between him and the people. Wu Jingzi devoted all the world he experienced, the changes in temperature and the faces he saw to the creation of The Scholars, and completed this masterpiece of ancient Chinese satirical novel, which represents the peak of ancient Chinese satirical novel.
The author deliberately took the story in the book as a cover in the Ming Dynasty, but actually described the extensive social life in the Qing Dynasty, reflecting the bad luck of the writers of his contemporaries under the poison of the imperial examination system. At the beginning of the book, I wrote two sad old boys, Zhou Jin, who bumped his head against the number plate of the Hiram's Hospital, and Fan Jin, who was crazy, which made people laugh after reading it, but there were tragic contents hidden in his bones. As a scholar, the author has a deep insight into the mystery and exposed its ugliness. His characterization is vivid and has a shocking artistic power.
The application of satirical art in The Scholars is perfect. Or use a strong contrast to show the contradictions before and after the characters' behavior, such as Hu Tuhu's appearance as a philistine before and after Fan Jin's actions; Or carefully depict the details of the characters' activities by drawing lines, so as to expose their ridiculous and despicable inner world, like Yan Jiansheng's stingy nature, who stretched out his fingers and kept angry before he died; Or by the words and deeds of the characters, Piriyangqiu reveals the contradictions of the characters by comedy, so as to achieve the effect of ridicule. For example, Yan Jiansheng claims to be "honest" and "never knows how to take advantage of others". But I was poked by the page on the spot and so on. The author laughed and denounced, extremely