Historical evolution: Hanwangfu-Liangjiang Governor's Office-Tianwangfu-Presidential Palace-Nanjing CPPCC Conference Center
Tourist: As a historical relic, the history of this huge building can be traced back to the early Ming Dynasty. After the founding emperor Zhu Yuanzhang of the Ming Dynasty, the unified regime of the Ming Dynasty was established in Nanjing on 1368. In order to win people's hearts, this large-scale Han Palace was built here to house Chen Li, the son of Chen Youliang, Hanwang. In 1404, it became the palace of the second son Zhu. Because Zhu Yuanzhang named Zhu as the king of the Han Dynasty, it was also called the Han Palace.
During the Qing Dynasty, the Qing Dynasty transformed the Han Palace into the Governor's Office of Liangjiang. During the Kangxi period, the eastern part of the original Han Palace was changed to Jiangning Weaving Department. Cao Yin, the grandfather of Cao Xueqin, the author of A Dream of Red Mansions, once worked as a weaver in Jiangning and was in charge of the weaving industry in Jiangnan. Because Cao Yin's mother was Kangxi's nanny, the Cao Shi family was very rich at that time, and Cao Yin won the trust and appreciation of Kangxi. Emperor Kangxi went to Jiangnan six times and lived in Jiangning Weaving Department five times. Until December 24th, the fifth year of Yongzheng, the Cao family was copied, and the weaving department of Jiangning was no longer prosperous and began to decline. During the Qianlong period, the weaving department was expanded into a palace, and a magnificent palace was built on the basis of the West Garden.
185 1 year 1 month1day, the peasant revolution led by Hong Xiuquan held an uprising in Jintian Village, Guiping County, Guangxi Province, which was called "Taiping Heavenly Kingdom" in history. It lasted for three years and swept across Guangxi, Hunan, Hubei, Jiangxi, Anhui and Jiangsu provinces. 1853, 19 On March 28th, Taiping Army attacked Nanjing, and Hong Xiuquan became a city on March 28th this year. Since then, Nanjing has been changed to Tianjing, with its capital here, and construction has been carried out here, expanding the governor's office of the two rivers into the heavenly palace. As a result, it became the center of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom revolutionary movement led by Hong Xiuquan. Today's Governor's House is the site of the Golden Dragon Hall, the main hall of Tianwangfu. At that time, the Golden Dragon Hall, with double eaves and domes, was painted with red gold dragons and phoenixes on the beams and dragons, tigers and lions on the walls, so it was also called "Dragon and Phoenix Hall". 1866, after the failure of Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, Tianjing fell and Tianwangfu was robbed. In order to cover up the crime of plunder, the Zeng Guofan brothers who attacked Nanjing in those years even set fire to the Tianwangfu, making this magnificent palace burn to ashes. What we can see today is the only remaining inner city parts of Tianwangfu and Xiyuan.
19 12, Tianwangfu became the temporary presidential palace of Dr. Sun Yat-sen, and after only three months in power, Dr. Sun Yat-sen was forced to dismiss the post of temporary president due to the destruction of the northern warlords. In April of the same year, Huang Xing stayed here. Later, Zhang Xun and Sun all set up a viceroy here. 1April, 927 18, Chiang Kai-shek betrayed Sun Yat-sen's three major policies of "uniting Russia, uniting with * * * and helping the peasants and workers", openly sabotaged the cooperation between countries, and purged * * * producers in the Northern Expedition. The Nanjing National Government under Chiang Kai-shek's public command was formally established. Nanjing was designated as the capital of the new government, and Tianwangfu became the seat of the National Government. After the outbreak of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, Chiang Kai-shek moved to Chongqing, where Wang Ching-wei established a puppet national government. 1In August, 945, after the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, Chiang Kai-shek's Kuomintang government returned to Nanjing and changed the original "national government" to "the government of the Republic of China", and the chairman of the national government was changed to the president, so it was also called the presidential palace. It was not until1April 23, 949 that the People's Liberation Army captured Nanjing, the Chiang family dynasty fell, and the "Presidential Office" returned to the people's hands. After liberation, the presidential palace was changed to Nanjing Political Consultative Conference Center, and it has been declined to visit. Only Xiyuan and the former office of President Sun Yat-sen are open to the public. Today, let's visit this "Presidential Palace" through historical relics.
Gatehouse-Zhaobi-"Golden Dragon Hall" lobby
Tourist: Now we are at the gate of the presidential palace. I saw the high flagpole above the guard room soaring into the sky. There are three Chinese characters "Presidential Office" on the gatehouse, which is said to be inscribed by Zhou Zhongyue, a calligrapher and former vice president of the Supervisory Institute, and cast with cement.
Looking at the zhaobi opposite the gatehouse, there stands a monument inscribed by Mr. Guo Moruo to commemorate the anniversary of the Taiping Rebellion 100.
Entering the gate, there are a row of wing rooms on the east and west sides. It was a "noodle room" in those days, then it was changed into a soldier's dormitory, and now it has become a tourist souvenir shop. The spacious Dafa in front was built on the old site of Jinlong Hall in Taiping Heavenly Kingdom. Now in the middle is a four-character plaque inscribed by Dr. Sun Yat-sen, "The world is for the public".
Behind the lobby is the Jiangsu Provincial Political Consultative Conference Office, which is temporarily closed to tourists. We mainly visited Xu Yuan, also called Xiyuan, where Hong Xiuquan and Dr. Sun Yat-sen once worked and lived.
Xu Yuan: Zodiac Stone-Shouzi Name-Yuanyang Pavilion-Tongyin Pavilion-Poem Monument inscribed by Yu Yue-No Boat-Forget Flying Pavilion
Ladies and gentlemen: Next, we will visit Xu Yuan, the most important part of the presidential palace. Please follow me west. There is a flour wall in front, and the word "Xu Yuan" is inlaid above the round hole of the wall. This is the place where Hong Xiuquan, king of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, and Sun Yat-sen, leader of the Revolution of 1911 once lived.
Xu Yuan Garden was built in Daoguang period of Qing Dynasty, with a history of 150 years. The whole park area is only more than 20 acres. The garden is dotted with flowers and trees, pavilions, mountains, lakes and stones, which is small and exquisite, beautiful and quiet. It is a garden with Jiangnan characteristics.
Entering the garden, the first thing you see is a large rockery group, which consists of twelve zodiac stones. Here, let's find our own zodiac stone together. Rockery is one of the cultural elements in ancient garden buildings in China. Royal gardens in the north of China reflect true mountains and waters, while private gardens in the south often use rockeries and waters to reflect the natural charm of gardens. This big rockery, in the landscape construction, has played a role in restraining the landscape and created a better and better interest for tourists.
Please continue to follow me. This rugged Taihu stone has the characteristics of wrinkle, thinness, leakage, transparency and ugliness. Please identify it carefully. Like which word in Chinese characters? Yes! Attentive tourists have seen the word "longevity". We can take a picture on the birthday stone and wish you all the best, health and longevity.