I came across a discussion about youth cohesion, and I extracted it to share with you-
Video interview
■ Moderator: What is the difference between kindergarten and primary school?
Yue: Kindergarten focuses on conservation and games, while primary school focuses on learning. For kindergarten children, the transition to primary school is relatively large. Kindergarten teachers' requirements for children are relatively relaxed, while primary schools are strict, and the homework of the day must be completed on the same day. Teachers generally don't blame kindergartens for being late and leaving early. But if the primary school is late, you can't take part in morning reading and morning exercises, which will affect the overall honor of the class.
■ Moderator: What bad habits do children usually have when they first go to primary school? Please give parents a reminder.
Pang: The child has just entered the first grade of primary school. He is very novel about many things, but he is a little at a loss. During class, some children go out to play directly from the classroom, some children go to the toilet during recess, and some children pack their bags and prepare to go home after a class. In kindergarten, teachers often encourage children to express their views boldly and directly in class, which is different from primary school. Raise your hand before you speak, and pay attention when others speak. Parents should remind their children in advance.
Yue: From kindergarten to primary school, a child is a process from weaning to autonomy. Parents have the responsibility to help their children adapt to the transition from kindergarten to primary school as soon as possible. First of all, we must cultivate children's sense of independence. From now on, take the kindergarten gate as the terminal where you pick up your children, because the primary school gate is the terminal where parents pick up their children. Sometimes it takes necessary cruelty. In kindergarten, children are more casual. After primary school, there will be many codes of conduct and so on. Consciously cultivate children's persistence. The attention of kindergarten children is 8 minutes, while that of primary school is 40 minutes. During holidays, parents should cultivate the persistence of children's attention. As long as you are a conscientious person, children can adapt, because children are more flexible.
■ Moderator: What preparations should parents make before going to primary school?
Yue: Materials to be prepared: 1. Choose a bag carefully, the backpack should not be too big, and the shoulder strap should be wider; 2. The choice of stationery is simple and practical, and you can buy a small and simple pencil sharpener; Don't use automatic lead for pencils. The automatic lead is too thin, and children can easily break it when using it. Use HB pencil with moderate hardness. Prepare toilet paper for children and tell them where to put it; Prepare a plastic cup for the child, etc.
Psychological preparation: take the children to the primary school for a walk, recognize the class and recognize the toilet. Before I go to primary school, I will hold a family gathering at home, so that children can feel that I am a primary school student and have a sense of pride from today. Let grandparents participate together and unify their thinking.
■ Moderator: Should parents and teachers communicate frequently?
Pang: Communication between home and school is very important. Some children are picked up by grandparents, and parents rarely meet their teachers. This is very bad, because children often care about their parents' words and don't care much about their grandparents' words, so parents must always communicate with teachers to understand their children's living habits, study habits and so on.
Yue: As the saying goes, communication begins with the heart. Some misunderstandings between parents and schools are often caused by lack of communication. There are many ways to communicate now, besides meeting, there are also school websites, blogs, QQ, mobile phones and so on. Only by communicating with each other can we cultivate good children.
■ Moderator: Parents often report that their children are doing well at school, but not well at home. What's going on here?
Yue: It is natural for children to behave casually at home. Children are naughty and lovely. He may be more casual in front of his parents, because he also needs to relax, just like when we come home from work, we just want to sleep on the sofa. If you can't be casual at home, what warmth is there?
Pang: Children are bound by school rules at school. Going home is a release of the mind. Parents should ask their children more questions to eliminate the pimples in their hearts. In fact, today's children are under great pressure and have a heavy learning burden, so parents should give their children more guidance.
■ Moderator: Some children are more dependent. Parents must accompany their children when they do their homework. Is this good?
Yue: Children can't be independent, on the one hand, it is also caused by parents. My children are also in the big class. If he wants fried rice with eggs, I'll let him eat fried rice with eggs. If he wants to cut something with a knife, I'll let him cut it. The key is to tell the child how to use a knife, not to stop him from using it. Children are dependent, and parents should first review whether they have given their children independent space.
Pang: As Director Yue said just now, it is impossible for children to let go at once. But we must slowly create time and space for him to finish his homework independently, for example, from the beginning to the end, to accompany him for a while (of course, we can observe quietly when we let go), and then let go completely. I believe this situation will improve after a period of time.
■ Moderator: Can I take extra-curricular special classes from the first grade?
Yue: It depends on different children. If children are interested in this field, they can learn it. If he has some difficulties in learning, don't let him learn. If he feels burdened, don't let him learn. According to the child's learning ability, see if he can bear it. Parents should never compare the advantages of other children with the disadvantages of their own children, and the more they compare, the angrier they get.
Answering questions online
■ Yao Zhigang: In kindergarten, learning while playing, entertaining, more relaxed, no burden. Compared with kindergartens, primary schools study hard and spend less time playing. How to make children not only adapt to primary school life, but also love school and study, and write a good first stroke for future life?
Pang: Primary schools can also learn while playing. Mainly home-school cooperation, let's talk about math learning. In fact, there are many kinds of mathematics in life. Our parents can help children to have a pair of eyes that are good at capturing mathematics in their lives, so that children can feel the existence of mathematics in a familiar living environment and have some fun, which will definitely promote learning. For example, when you take your children to the supermarket for shopping, you often encounter objects of different shapes. At this time, guiding them to combine mathematics knowledge in a more pleasant shopping environment should have some unexpected effects. In addition, I feel that after going to school for a period of time, instructing children to write something like math diary according to their own experience will also help children love learning.
■ Children's mother: What preparations should children make in summer vacation? What should parents do?
Yue: Parents should help their children change their roles as soon as possible, and let them have the role consciousness of primary school students. This should be strengthened. Parents should pay attention to cultivate their children's behavior habits, such as working and sleeping on time, starting from the summer vacation, not waiting for school. Don't teach children some first-grade learning content in advance, which will dilute their enthusiasm for learning and may lead to some scientific mistakes because of improper teaching methods.
■ Anxiety: When a child goes to kindergarten, the teacher always says that he can't sit still, isn't very attentive, and is tall. He must be sitting in the back when he gets to primary school. What shall we do? Will the teacher hit him?
Pang: How can a teacher hit a child? You worry too much. It may be inevitable for children to be tall and sit in the back row. However, please believe that the good habit of studying in class must be gradually formed in the close cooperation between family and school. You said that if children can't sit still at home and don't pay attention, we can consciously create some tasks to cultivate patience for him to complete. Even though you may be disappointed at first, trust him and you will definitely improve in the long run. What our parents need is patience.
■ June: Primary schools are different from kindergartens. What are the maladjustments of children who have just entered primary school? Or what bad habits are there? Please tell the two guests about the situation you encountered in the specific practice, so that we can have a good idea.
Yue: I don't pay attention in class, I like to play with my stationery, I don't know how to tidy up my things, I forget what the teacher has arranged, I move slowly, I am late for school and so on.
■ Eiko: In kindergarten, the requirements for children are relatively loose. For example, you can wait a little later, but not in primary school. How to make children adapt to this "disciplined" life as soon as possible?
Pang: During the summer vacation, parents can simulate some life that needs to let their children live a regular and punctual life. For example, they can discuss with him to make a day's living arrangements, get up at 6: 30 in the morning and have breakfast happily together. Shopping around 7: 10, etc., let children form some time concepts. It may have some effect.
■ Hard-working parents: The child will go to the first grade in the summer vacation, but I am worried about her consciousness. Now we let her do her homework, not to mention that she can't write.
Yue: First, don't give your child too much homework and let her take on things that she shouldn't take on at this age. Second, parents should use some incentives to stimulate their children's interest and enthusiasm in learning. If their children make a little progress, they should be praised in a big way.
■ Gaoyou parents: Now that children are in primary school, parents are very tired. Unlike before, don't worry, my Lord. How to arouse children's learning enthusiasm? I want to watch TV when I go home. How can I restrain her?
Yue: We can design a table of children's daily life according to their specific conditions, give them an evaluation, or let her make her own evaluation, and put forward new hopes on this basis.
■ There are children at home: There are many Olympic math classes on the market now, but parents don't know how to choose. What grade is appropriate for Olympic Mathematics? What are the authoritative Olympic math classes? Can you recommend it?
Pang: Don't worry so much about taking the course of Olympic Mathematics. I think it's good to follow the school if possible. Maybe the child's own teacher will know him better. As for the grade, it also varies from person to person! For example, if a school starts from the second grade, you can let the children try it (of course, the premise is to guide the children to take it seriously). If you find that the child's burden is too heavy, you can stop, even if he is older, and try again.
Teacher Yue, I heard that your ability in Chinese education in primary schools is outstanding. I want to ask, my child is going to the first grade soon. Writing is very important for China people. Do I need my children to practice calligraphy this summer vacation?
Yue: You can let children practice hard pen calligraphy, starting with basic strokes.
■ There are children at home: children's language is average, how to learn Chinese well, please ask the teacher for advice!
Yue: Chinese ability includes many aspects. I don't know what happened to your child. Generally speaking, it is particularly important to cultivate children's love and yearning for mother tongue learning. Chinese ability includes listening, speaking, reading and writing, among which reading ability is the core of Chinese ability, which can be started from cultivating children's reading interest. First of all, you should be a person who loves reading, which will affect children.
■ Confusion: the neighbor's children are only in the second grade, and they have to attend composition training classes on weekends. I always think it's too early. Will it work? Excuse me, Miss Yue, when do primary school students take part in composition training? How to improve the level of composition? In my opinion, it is more important to read more extracurricular books, and those technical trainings should not start too early. what do you think?
Yue: I agree with you that writing training should not be too early. For children at this stage, it is more important to cultivate reading interest.
■ There are children at home: What I hear most after school is that children are too careless and make parents embarrassed. I don't know how to help my child get rid of this carelessness.
Yue: This is a common problem of children and a characteristic of children at this stage. Don't care too much. Too much concern will strengthen it. Just guide it slowly. For example, children like to use erasers when they write typos. In the long run, they will get into the habit of relying on erasers. At this time, parents should limit the frequency of children using erasers. Let him get into the habit of doing it at once.
■ Love asked: Excuse me, Mr. Pang, what do you think of primary school students going to the Olympics? We think the topic of Olympic Mathematics is too difficult, which is simply torture for children. We are really contradictory, let's go, and we can't bear to let the children suffer; No, my child goes to primary school. I heard that I can get such a question. What should I do?
Pang: It varies from person to person! I am teaching olympiad myself. Facing my students, I also saw both ends of learning. I have brought this year's children to the third grade. It is obvious that those who stayed are very interested in the Olympic Mathematics, and some children have quietly retired. My advice to parents is: don't force it, it is more important for children to study happily.
■ Parents of large classes: How to arrange children in the first and second grades of primary school in winter and summer vacations? Do you concentrate on studying or having fun?
Yue: Holidays are mainly for fun, and don't forget to study. Set aside a special time for a little review every day, but the time should not be too long. It is best to have a relatively fixed time to form a good habit of work and rest. Never concentrate your homework on a certain period of time and then indulge your children. It can't be scientific and reasonable.
■ The future is bright: Is there much homework in the first and second grades? Can the child handle it?
Yue: According to the regulations of the Municipal Education Bureau, no written homework will be assigned. Usually, the teacher will leave some oral homework, but as a first-year child, especially Chinese, parents should constantly review it for their children. Generally speaking, children with normal learning ability can cope.
■ Youyoucao: Even if my child has read the extracurricular reading, it will not help him much in language expression. He reads books and watches the plot. How to tutor him?
Yue: This is a common phenomenon. You can try to get children to write some reading notes instead of doing some copying work, such as extracting good words and sentences. When making reading notes, you can let your child say who he likes best and what is the most wonderful plot. In short, ask some specific questions so that children can have something to say. I also suggest that you watch it with your children and communicate with them after reading it.
■ Youyou Grass: How to write reading notes? Do you want to write some thoughts?
Yue: I mainly write about my reading experience, and I can think whatever I want. Children are good teachers, and parents can regard themselves as students, ask their children for advice, and let them express their feelings unconsciously.