Baoji is the hometown of Yandi and one of the birthplaces of the Chinese nation. As far back as 5, years ago, in ancient times, the tribe named Jiang, headed by Yandi Shennong, lived here. Yandi Mausoleum, located on Chang yangshan in Shenlong Town, Weibin District, Baoji City, is the main place for the descendants of the Chinese people to seek roots and worship their ancestors.
Emperor Yan, named Shenlong, is the ancestor of Shenlong clan, who was born in Jiang Shui. The Yellow Emperor is the ancestor of Xuanyuan clan, who was born in Jishui. According to Guoyu, about 5, years ago, there was a matriarchal clan tribe in the land of the Western Qin Dynasty-You Yi clan, which later gave birth to the twin Yandi and Huangdi. The Huangdi tribe lived in the lower reaches of the Weihe River and moved to the Central Plains. Yandi tribe lives in Baoji area and is famous for managing agriculture.
In the Jiangchengbao area of Baoji City, the Qingjiang River flows by, and the Jiangchengbao is backed by the Qinling Mountains, facing Beishouling across the Weihe River. The terrain is more open, which provides broad land resources for agricultural production. The ruins of Jiangshi City, discovered in Jiangbao area, cover an area of about 49, square meters. The largest house in the site is 1.7 meters long, 1.5 meters wide and covers an area of about 124 square meters, while the largest house in Beishouling site covers an area of only 88 square meters. The unearthed production tools and pottery are similar to those in Beishouling and relatively advanced. It can be seen that the period of Jiangcheng Castle ruins is the period of prosperity and development of the clan tribes in Beishouling, which is the transition period from matriarchal clan commune to paternal clan commune, which coincides with the legendary Yan Emperor's time. At present, more than 4 ancient cultural sites have been discovered in Baoji. Numerous ancient cultural sites reflect the process of the Yandi tribe's prosperity and development.
The Yandi tribe, centered on Baoji, spread around along the Weihe River and developed westward to the Central Plains, where the land is flat and fertile, the climate is humid, and primitive agriculture has been developed for a long time. Tribes began to settle down, established their capital in Chen, and then moved to Shandong and established their capital in Qufu. Later, Yandi Tribe had a war with Chiyou in the south, and turned to Huangdi Tribe to defeat Chiyou in Zhuolu. Later, the alliance between Yan and Huang tribes formed the main body of the Chinese nation. Later, part of Yandi tribe moved to the south, leaving footprints in two lakes, and some remained in the Yellow River valley and merged with other clan tribes, still worshiping Yandi as their ancestor. Now Lingxian County in Hunan Province also has Yandi Mausoleum, and Suizhou in Hubei Province is also known as the hometown of Shenlong, but the Yandi Mausoleum in Baoji is the earliest.
Baoji is the birthplace of Emperor Yan. Yan Di was born in Mengyugou, Tiantai Mountain, Baoji, and grew up in Jiang Shui. He is the god of agriculture and the saint of medicine. Because he is king with fire, he was named Yan Di, named Shennong. It is recorded in "White Tiger Pass.No." that people in ancient times all ate animals' meat. As for Shennong, there are many people and there are not enough animals, so Shennong is called Shennong because of the time of the day, the benefits of land division, the cultivation of people, the transformation of God, and the people's suitability.
There is a bath sacred Jiulong Spring in Weihe River in the urban area, and there is a Tang Jian Shenlong Temple on the spring. On Changyang Mountain in Mengyukou, south of the temple, there is the Yandi Mausoleum. In recent years, many compatriots at home and abroad have come to Baoji Jiang Shui Valley to seek roots in batches for many times, but the mausoleum has been damaged and in disrepair. As a result, the Shenlong Temple and Yandi Mausoleum were rebuilt in the place where Emperor Yan was born, started his business and was buried in Shennong, and Yandi Garden was built in the city center, which provided a place for the descendants of the Chinese people to worship their ancestors and pay homage to Yandi.
Yandi Mausoleum is divided into three parts: the front area, the sacrificial area and the tomb area.
There are many ancient-style archways in the area in front of Lingqian, from Jiangchengbao area to Mengyu at the entrance of Tiantai Mountain, with the words "Yandi's hometown", "Shennong's hometown", "Shennong Gate" and "outstanding people".
when you enter the mountain gate, you enter the sacrificial area, and walk up the 1-meter steps to the Lingtai. The Lingtai is the mountain gate, and a stone tablet is erected outside the gate, engraved with the three characters "Chang yangshan", which is the handwriting of the famous calligrapher Wu Sanda.
when you climb to the top of the mountain, you will arrive at Yangshou Pavilion. There is a stone tablet of Qing Dynasty in and next to the pavilion, which is engraved with "Changyangyan" and "Shanhai Town", the latter of which is the relic of rebuilding the city in the third year of Jiaqing in Qing Dynasty.
Yandi Temple has five halls, and the couplets on the left and right sides are written by calligrapher Ru Gui, "The founder of Yandi has been divided for thousands of years, and it is spread that An Tian, according to all directions, misses Shennong", expressing his reverence for Yandi. In front of the temple is a sacrifice square, which can accommodate thousands of people to sacrifice. There are drum pavilions and bell pavilions on both sides of the square. The main hall, with an area of 4 square meters and a height of 12 meters, is a Qing-style temple. In the center of the hall is the statue of Emperor Yan, which is 4.5 meters high, with bright eyes and solemn kindness. Large murals about Emperor Yan are painted on both sides of the temple, which are the alliance of Chang Yangyu Yan, Bathing Holy Kowloon, the God of Agriculture, the God of the Sun, the God of Medicine and Emperor Yan, and tell the story of Emperor Yan's life and achievements.
Emperor Yan Shennong, whose mother's name is An Deng. A woman who swims in Huayang has a sense of dragon (An Deng), and was born Emperor Yan in yangshan. She is a bull's head and is longer than Jiang Shui. After Emperor Yan bathed in Jiulongquan, his horn disappeared from his head and he became more intelligent. Later, he became the leader of the Chiang clan. Emperor Yan taught the people to make pottery, which started from lei, lowered cattle to plow the fields and taught the people to plow the fields, which made the primitive times progress from gathering and hunting to agriculture, and people respected him as the "god of agriculture".
After Emperor Yan got the Golden Harvest, due to the difference between Yin and Yang, it only blossomed but failed to bear fruit, so Emperor Yan took a colorful bird to bring back the sun from the East China Sea. Since then, all the people have been happy, because Emperor Yan founded "Japan is the city" and pioneered primitive agriculture, and was praised as the "God of the Sun" by the world. The place where he pioneered the idea of "Japan and China as the city" is called "Sun City Site", which is now located in a valley west of Lotus Peak on the rooftop. Emperor Yan tasted all kinds of herbs and developed medicine. It is said that he encountered 7 poisons a day. At the age of 14, he went to Tiantai Mountain to collect herbs, and accidentally tasted "Huozizi" (heartbroken grass) and died for the people. Later generations compiled the Shennong Hundred Herbs Classic.
cross the sacrificial area and enter the tomb area. Climbing up the long mausoleum road, there are hundreds of stone statues of emperors standing on both sides, with a total of 16 figures, which are arranged in historical order as follows: Yao, Shun, Yu, Qi, Xia Jie, Chengtang, Pan Geng, Zhou Wang, Zhou Wenwang, Zhou Wuwang, Zhou Youwang, Zhou Pingwang, Zheng Zhuanggong, Duke Huan of Qi, Duke Mu of Qin, Duke Xiang of Song, etc.
Go straight up the road of the Mausoleum, and you will come to the front of Yandi Mausoleum, which is magnificent and solemn. This is the sacred place for Chinese people to pay their respects to their ancestors. The word "Yandi Mausoleum" is elegant and free, which was inscribed by Qi Gong, honorary chairman of the National Book Association.
Every year on the 7th day of the seventh lunar month and the anniversary of Emperor Yan's Sacrifice in Tomb-Sweeping Day, people from all walks of life at home and abroad gather in Yandi Mausoleum and Yandi Temple for a grand public sacrifice ceremony to pay homage to Emperor Yan, the earliest ancestor of humanity.