Hello, everyone, I'm your little tour guide today-(), and I'm going to take you to a land of feng shui-Beijing!
When you think of Beijing, do you think of the old house in Beijing-quadrangles? Siheyuan is world-famous. Old Beijingers say that without quadrangles, Beijing is like no life, but it will become "the apple of Beijing's eye"!
Beijing Siheyuan is famous for its unique composition, and it is typical and representative in traditional residential buildings in China. Most of the residential buildings in China are inner courtyard houses, while the residential courtyards in the south are very small, and the surrounding houses are connected as a whole, which is called "a seal". This kind of residence is suitable for the climate conditions in the south, and the ventilation and lighting are not ideal.
The quadrangles in Beijing are spacious and spacious, and the houses on all sides are independent, which are connected by a veranda, making it very convenient to live. The so-called four-in-one refers to the east, west, north and south, and "combination" means to surround the houses on all sides to form a "mouth" shape. After hundreds of years of construction, Beijing quadrangles have formed a unique Beijing style from plane layout to internal structure and detail decoration.
Regular quadrangles in Beijing generally face south according to the east-west hutongs. The basic shape is the north room (main room), the south room (inverted room) and the east and west rooms, which are separated on all sides and surrounded by high walls to form a four-in-one and open a door. The gate is located in the southeast corner of the house.
There is a yard in the middle of the yard, which is very spacious. There are flowers and trees in the courtyard and goldfish in the fish tank. It is the center of the courtyard layout, and it is also the place where people walk, light, ventilate, enjoy the cool, rest and do housework. Siheyuan is a closed house with only one street gate leading to the outside. The closed door comes from Chengtiandi, which has strong privacy and is very suitable for exclusive residence. In the yard, the houses on all sides are open to the yard, and the family is happy. Because the yard is spacious, you can plant trees and flowers, feed birds and fish, and pile stones to beautify the environment. Residents not only enjoy comfortable housing, but also share the beautiful world endowed by nature. Siheyuan, a square or rectangular courtyard, is also a combined architectural form in northern China. A family, living in a closed yard, living a comfortable, leisurely and quiet life, enjoying family happiness and family happiness, naturally has a relaxed atmosphere. The reason for this is that Beijing quadrangles pay attention to greening, and trees and flowers are planted in the courtyard, which is really beautiful and elegant. The favorite flowers in old Beijing are lilac, begonia, elm leaf plum, peach blossom and so on, and the trees are mostly jujube and locust trees. In addition to planting flowers and plants, you can also plant plants and water them.
The most common potted flowers and trees are pomegranate, oleander, Jingui, Yin Gui, Rhododendron and Gardenia. Planting pomegranate is a sign of "many children". As for the grass jasmine, impatiens, morning glory and flat bean curd in the garden before the hospital, it is the daily beauty of the courtyard.
Although it is a residential building, it contains profound cultural connotation and is the carrier of China traditional culture.
Some families, in order to decorate the courtyard, also build a shadow wall, that is, a brick wall, directly opposite the entrance of the courtyard. On the side facing the gate, flowers, pine and bamboo patterns or large calligraphy characters are usually placed on the front of the screen wall. Write auspicious words such as "Fu", "Lu" and "Shou". There are also some screen walls painted with auspicious patterns, such as "Song Yan He Nian", "Magpie Climbing Plums" and "Kirin Sending Children", which create a scholarly atmosphere of the quadrangle. Some farmers also use words or pictures such as "bumper harvests", "good luck" and "happiness as the East China Sea". This kind of screen wall is located at the entrance of the gate, some are built separately, and some are embedded in the gable of the wing. The screen wall, also known as the screen wall, is square, surrounded by brick carvings, and the square in the middle is calligraphy or painting. Zhaobi is divided into two parts: the base and the wall. In addition to adding atmosphere to the courtyard and praying for good luck, the wall also plays an isolation role, making it difficult for the outside world to peep at the activities in the courtyard.
If the quadrangle is gone, it will completely lose the cultural color of old Beijing, which is not only the symbol of Beijing, but also the soul of Beijing. It is conceivable that quadrangles are the cultural characteristics of Beijing and have become a beautiful landscape in Beijing!
This trip to Beijing Siheyuan is over, and then I will show you some beautiful photos of it!