introduce
According to Chang Gan's "walking dictionary" Ma Tiefan, Chang Gan Ma Cai once had "seven generations of literati". Unfortunately, only four people are known so far.
general situation
Ma Zhiru: the fourth son of the horse, the third son of the horse, and the descendant of Ma Zirang [1]. A scholar in the late Ming Dynasty. It is recorded in the Official Records of Baoqing, which was revised in the 29th year of Qing Daoguang (1849).
Banga Masinfei: the descendant of Ma Zirang, the fourth son of Ma, the eldest grandson of Ma Caiyuan and the eldest son of Ma Zhisheng [1]. Formerly known as Gao Qu, also known as Ru Long. Being both civil and military, he was not only a famous Hercules, but also admitted to the students in the late Ming Dynasty. Faced with the war and bandits in front of him, Ban Gamasin couldn't sleep, so he assembled a large number of heroes to save the nation, which was incompatible with water and fire. 1644, Emperor Chongzhen committed suicide; 1647, 15 In April, Liu, a hero from all walks of life and the company commander guarding Wugang, Hunan Province, took Zhu Youlang, the emperor of the Southern Ming Dynasty, from Guilin to Wugang, taking Fujian as the palace and changing Wugang House to Fengtianfu and Chaochao as the capital; In August, Li Yong defeated Guizhou and Yunnan. Ma Chenfei did not follow, but continued to practice medicine in his hometown and took part in the "Anti-Qing Movement". 1678 On March 23rd, Wu Sangui proclaimed himself in Hengzhou, Hunan Province, and wrote a letter to the official, but Banga Masinfe did not take office. In his later years, he wrote a book "Awakening the Sages", which was written for more than ten years and recorded the people in the Yuan and Ming Dynasties. (Supplement: 1. A native of Liping Village, Sandu, Yongning County, Xinhua County, was originally from Li Zicheng Department, and later took refuge in Nanming. He was named Xiangguogong by Jin and had contacts with Banga Masinfei. 2. Tan Longxiang, Guan Zhitai Bao, Feng Jingyuan Hou and Ban Jiamasinfei from Qiutian Village, Yongning Township, Xinhua County were all private school students when they were children, and many different versions of their legends and legends were circulated among the people. )-Most of the above content comes from Biography of Mr. Chen Fei written by Ma Lianxian.
Ma Mufan: the seventh son of Ma Zaijing and the grandson of Ma Zhiru. The word anthology is regular. In the fifty-fourth year of Qianlong (1789), he paid tribute (equivalent to the deputy list of juren) and entered the capital imperial academy [3]. Outstanding figures in the same list are: Governor of Fujian, Governor of Fujian and Zhejiang, Wang Shaolan; Yao Kun, director of the Ministry of War, Jiangnan Road and Guizhou Supervision Imperial History; Anhui Yingzhou, Luzhou magistrate, Zhongxian doctor Huang Song; Le Jun, a famous writer in Qing Dynasty, was a teacher of Qin Yi and Wang Mi; Liu Yuan, a master of Chinese studies in the Qing Dynasty, was an accomplished generation of Confucian scholars in ancient and modern times. Ma Mufan's Miracle's Heritage was selected into the list of Hunan people's works, edited by Gong and published by Yuelu Bookstore on 20 10. It is one of the Huxiang libraries, a dictionary that systematically records Hunan writers, a database of Hunan people's studies, and a classic work that highlights and promotes Huxiang culture. At the same time, there are horses, a long-term ethnic group with deep roots in Majiayuan. Ma Mufan's other brother-in-law, Ouyang Jun (supplementary: 1. A scholar, Ma Zongliang, was also selected in the "Hunan People's Writings List". Could it be Ma Zongliang, a student rented by Cai Donggong? Still need to study; 2. The Zhengchao Volume written by Ma Mufan was selected as People's Literature in Volume 24 of Tongzhi Xinhua County Records, People's Literature in Volume Baoqing County Records 135, and New People in Volume 34 of Tongzhi Xinhua County Records. )
Ma: The fourth son of Ma Mufan. Send the name Rongxing and Ronglong. Eight male (equivalent to vice list). Born around 1780, Tan Xiang and Wei Yuan were equally famous at the same time. They often discuss knowledge together and take part in scientific research together. Every time I go to the scientific research site, I will ask the scholar if the three of them have come. At the age of six, Ma enlightened and recited poems in five steps. He never missed a book and never forgot anything. He is called a prodigy. Twenty-four years old, unfortunately died, unable to apply for the exam, unable to show his ambition; Childless, adopted brother's son. In his short life, he was familiar with the Book of Changes, proficient in Taoist magic, good at watching the stars at night, and wrote astronomical books and handed them down; Unfortunately, people can't use books, and no one can learn anything from them. This is his own misfortune, but also the sorrow of strange books.
Anecdote 1:
Father Ma Mufan paid tribute in the fifty-fourth year of Qianlong (1789) [7]. One day, his father said to him, "I have been enlightened for a year." Can you recite the poems on the chessboard on June 6? " He immediately responded: "For hundreds of years, Qin people have created human rights in China; Children should not forget the dynasty system and draw a minefield in front of Kindergarten Street. "
Anecdote 2:
I borrowed "Twenty-one History" from my uncle Ouyang Jun (Zhong Lu) Jinshi's house and returned it in a few days. My uncle doesn't believe that he has read it all. He said to his uncle, "Please feel free to turn over the books. You read the last sentence and I'll read the next one. " Sure enough, my uncle got a fright, prodigy.
Anecdote 3:
My uncle's family is very rich, and it is often stolen, so it is difficult to catch. He said, "I can predict when and where thieves will come and go. I can take four stools and four thieves. " The thief stepped in, like a high wall on all sides, and could not escape. It turns out that he is familiar with the Book of Changes and is good at Taoism.
Anecdote 4:
His Taoist magic can be achieved: first, there are bricks and stones on the ground, so that mice can't get out if they want to catch mice, and cats can't get in; Second, put the utensils by the window at night. If a thief comes in, don't try to escape all night; Third, the fish are raised on the flat ground, and even if the flood overflows the ridge, the fish will not be washed away and slipped out.
Anecdote 5:
He often looks at the sky at night, lying on the grass and pointing to the stars in the sky, telling his friends: first, which star came from where; Second, which star turns red and the main drought means that there will be drought in the corresponding place of this star; Second, which star is dimmed, the main disaster means that there will be disaster in the corresponding place of this star; Third, which star has horns and dazzling light, the main battle means that there will be war in the corresponding place of this star. At first, my friends didn't believe it; But as time went on, everything he said came true.
Anecdote 6:
On the cooling tower of Liang Qing Temple in Chang Gan, there are his poems:
The futon breaks the golden man, and the mantle does not groan from the leaves;
Fate feels that fate makes sense, and Wukong's enlightenment makes sense.
The heart hangs on the mirror without dirt, and the tower has a breeze to sweep away the dust;
Prajnaparamita remains in peace, and this is a blessed land.
Supplement:
Ouyang Junjin and Ouyang Chu are two uncles of Ma.
From the Republic of China to the present, there are many successful scholars among Ma's descendants, such as Ma Xuerong, the grandson of Ma Zhiru: Ma, deputy mayor of Xinhua County and one of the heads of the family affairs committee; Ma Yongzhuo, the first Longhui novelist who graduated from China University; Ma Yongding, a scholar who graduated from Hunan First Normal University, etc. The three brothers are compatriots. For their personal achievements, please read the monographs Ma Jia, who advocated reading for a long time, and Ma Jia's Generation for a long time.
Supplement:
No. 1
Ma Yonglai: A descendant of Ma Mufan, the eldest son of Ma. 1930 was born in Changxing village. In the process of organizing farmers to take the road of cooperation in the early 1950s, the government took the lead in setting up the first primary agricultural production cooperative in Changshan Xiaoshanchong area. 1956, taking the lead in transforming primary cooperatives into advanced agricultural production cooperatives and leading villagers to develop agricultural production; The production situation and outstanding deeds are well-known, praised by superiors many times, won various honorary titles, and was named "National Model Worker". 1957 65438+ 10 1, accompanied the Hunan delegation to Beijing to attend the Tiananmen ceremony, and was received by Mao Zedong and other party and state leaders and took a group photo as a souvenir.
No.2
Ma: the descendant of Ma Zhiru, the second son of Ma Zengshou and the eldest son of Ma. His ancestor Ma Zhiru, a scholar in the late Ming Dynasty, was recorded in Baoqing Official Records compiled in the 29th year of Qing Daoguang (1849). He is also one of the earliest scholars in Changchun. He himself is the editor of Chang Gan's Six Family Trees. In August 2002, He, Ouyang Rennan, Ma, Ma Zhongxia and Ouyang Musheng successively joined Longhui Poetry Association. The rest of the preface includes What I Want to Say, Open Book, Preface to Six Repairs of Malong Palace Square, Continuation of Shuikou Arch Bridge in Dongxia, Shuangqiao Reservoir, Epitaph of Four Repairs of Two Ancestors, Ci, Biography of Man Gu, Jane Shouzan, Trilogy of elegiac couplet and Gathering Wealth Ancestors.
Ma Shi Ancestral Hall was founded in the fifty-third year of Qing Emperor Kangxi (17 14) and rebuilt in 1935 with the inscription of Yu Youren [4]. This photo was taken in the 1980s.
reference data
[ 1]
In March 2009, the genealogy of Changqima was summarized. Consultant: Ma Zhong He and Ma Zhongshan (Tongshan); Editor-in-Chief: Ma Yuanping; Deputy Editor-in-Chief: Ma Tiefan and Ma Kangtong; Editorial Board: Chang Hong/Ma Yongding, Ma Yongfeng, Ma Yuanxiang, Ma Kejian, Ma Shengyuan, Ma, Ma Kanggui, Ma, Shaoyang/Ma Shaoqiao, Ma, Chongqing/Ma Zhongcheng, Ma Wei, Sichuan/Ma Gonglian, Guizhou/Ma Hechun, Guangxi/Ma Yongquan, Ma Zhongcheng and Ma Zhongcheng.
[2]
There are three levels of imperial examinations in Ming and Qing dynasties (scholar, juren and scholar) and four exams (academy exam, township exam, general exam and palace exam). A, the college exam-test scholar: held in Fucheng or provincial jurisdiction, divided into age exam and subject exam; The children who pass the annual examination in the county government are students (students and scholars), and students are divided into students, students and students (collectively referred to as students). Those who have achieved excellent results in the annual assessment take part in the departmental examination and pass the departmental examination. B, after the rural examination-take the candidates' examination: held in Beijing and provincial capital cities, once every three years; In the exam, the first place was Xie Yuan. Examination and Court Examination-Examination Jinshi: The examination was hosted by the Ministry of Rites and held in Gong Yuan. Generally, in the second year of the township exam, the exam name is Gong, and the first place is Hui Yuan; The final exam is a decisive exam, but the palace exam only determines the ranking, and there is no problem of failing the list. The list issued by palace examination is called "A List", which is divided into three parts: A is for Jinshi and (champion, second place, flower detective), B is for Jinshi origin, and 3 is for Jinshi origin.
[3]
Imperial academy is the highest institution that students have dreamed of since Emperor Wu of Jin "founded imperial academy". Previously, the Sui Dynasty called it "imperial academy". At the beginning of Qing Dynasty, following the system of Ming Dynasty, imperial academy was established in Nanjing and Beijing, which was under the Ministry of Rites. Students are mostly selected by students (scholars) from provinces, prefectures and counties. When Jinshi entered the prison, he was divided into He Jianzi, collectively known as imperial academy, who was initially qualified as an official and could be awarded five or more senior officials. In the late Qing Dynasty, Shi Jing Wentong Museum, Shi Jing University Hall (predecessor of Peking University) and other new schools were established one after another. Those who passed the graduation examination were awarded the titles of Jinshi and Juren respectively, and were given corresponding official positions. Gong Sheng and Guo Jianzi are better than scholars in that even if they fail in the scientific research, some officials are officials, but they are generally not big. For example, Pu Songling, a famous novelist in Qing Dynasty, failed in many attempts. Finally, as Gong Sheng, he became a "Confucian" official in charge of supervising the school ethos in the county. Students who drop out of school in imperial academy are called China students, China students and Taiwan Province students, and can be awarded official positions after the probation period expires.
[4]
Yu Youren: Formerly known as Bo Xun, the word is charming, and later named after "charming" homophonic "right"; Don't report "coquettish heart" and "beard", and call yourself "Taiping old man" in your later years. In the fifth year of Guangxu in Qing Dynasty (1879), he was born in Sanyuan, Shaanxi. China was a politician, educator and calligrapher in modern times. One of the founding fathers of the Republic of China, the early backbone of China League, and an important member of Nanshe, the largest and most influential cultural group in modern China; He served as a senior official in the national government for many years, especially as the president of the supervision institute for 34 years; He is also the founder of Fudan University, Shanghai University and National Northwest A&F College (now Northwest A&F University) and the director of Fudan University and private Nantong University.