When Confucius died, Yuan Xian died in the grass. Zi Gong was self-controlled, but he rode in chains, exiled quinoa and epimedium, and went into poverty to thank Yuan Xian. Xian took a photo of our clothes and saw Zigong. Zi Gong said with shame, "Is Master sick?" Yuan Xian said, "I have heard that those who have no money are poor, and those who have learned the Tao but can't practice it are ill. If it is constitutional, it will be poor and not sick. " Zigong was ashamed and walked without fear; It's too much. You'll be ashamed for life.
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After the death of Confucius, Yuan Zhen went into exile and lived in seclusion in the wilderness. Zigong became a pro-family, surrounded by followers, and went into the back alley to visit Yuan Xian through the weeds overhead. Yuan Xian tidied up his shabby coat and hat to see Zi Gong. Zi Gong was ashamed of this and said, "Is Master sick, too?"
Yuan Xian said: "I have heard a saying that poverty is called having no property, and illness is called learning morality without practicing it. Like me, I am poor, not sick. " Zigong was ashamed and left unhappily. He has been ashamed of this speech mistake all his life.
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Creation background
This article comes from Guo Qingfan's Collected Notes on Zhuangzi and Guo Qingfan's Collected Notes on Zhuangzi in Qing Dynasty, which is an outstanding work in the textual research and interpretation of Zhuangzi in Qing Dynasty. Academics flourished in the Qing Dynasty. The principle of "seeking truth from facts" put forward by Confucianism in Qing Dynasty became the symbol of academic modernization. Zhonghua Book Company compiled it into the first series of New Scholars, which has been concerned by academic circles for many years.
Its main achievements are as follows: (1) The careful revision of Zhuangzi can not only distinguish the correctness of ancient versions in different languages, but also reveal some unknown mistakes of predecessors; The carefully compiled annotations of the old lost articles supplement the annotations of Sima Biao recorded in Lu Deming's Zhuangzi Yi Yin. Accurate textual research and interpretation of word names is original in identifying common words, explaining difficult words and ancient names. In the academic history of Qing Dynasty, Zhuzi was a very important academic branch.
Brief introduction of the author
Guo Qingfan, a native of Xiangyin, Hunan Province, was originally named, alias Ling and Xiuzhan, and room number Twelve Plum Blossom Bookstore and Boran Bay. Born in the 24th year of Daoguang (1844) and died in the 22nd year of Guangxu (1896).
Guo Qingfan is the nephew of Guo Songtao, a great scholar in the late Qing Dynasty. He can pass on family knowledge and is a descendant of nourishing knowledge school. He attached a biography to the case of supplementing knowledge of Confucianism in Qing Dynasty, and Wang Xianqian wrote an epitaph for Guo Jun, an alternate Taoist priest in Jiangsu Province.
He devoted himself to the study of Zhuangzi and gained a lot of experience. He is the author of ten volumes of Zhuangzi's Notes, one volume of Zhuangzi's Notes and Reading Zhuangzi's Notes. Historical Records is a masterpiece in the study of Zhuangzi in Qing Dynasty, and it is also one of the most popular readers of Zhuangzi.
Guo Qingfan is the son of Guo Kuntao and the nephew of Guo Songtao. He was born in a noble family, and he was an official all his life. His father taught him a lot. Guo Qingfan, the eldest son of Kuntao, studied in his hometown school, Wo Yun Villa.
When he was four years old, his grandfather Guo Jiabiao wrote Xun Meng Zhen Quan, and then taught Qing Fan to read. Guo Qingfan received a good shoulder education. Guo You's "Woyun Mountain Maker's Instructions" is his daily instruction to his children and grandchildren, including five notes on reading, ten notes on calligraphy, seven notes on poetry, and notes on celebrating children's fancy.
Guo Qingfan was instructed by the imperial court, and Yingmin was eager to learn and read widely. At the age of fifteen, he helped the students in the county "eat", but later he tried again and again. After returning, Yu Sheng will guide him to pass the sentence and inform him by donation according to the regulations. Twelve years of Tongzhi (1874), 29 years old. In the movement to suppress the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, Qing vassals were assigned to Zhejiang by the prefect for their efforts to recover from the motherland in Danjiang, Guizhou. The following year, he worked in Ningbo, dealing with the affairs of salt affairs, westernization and coastal defense bureau, and managing the collection of monopoly tax.
Guo Qingfan married and adopted his parents many times during his tenure as the magistrate of Zhejiang, and traveled to eastern, western and northern Zhejiang. In the fifth year of Guangxu (1879), at the age of 35, he was commended by Tan, the governor of Zhejiang Province, for his meritorious service in handling the winter sports in Zhejiang. Please ask a Taoist priest and add two hats. In the seventh year of Guangxu (188 1), Taoist Li Shuchang went to Japan and appointed Guo Qingfan as the Westernization Counsellor. As his mother was ill, he couldn't go until the following July.
When he arrived in Shanghai, he was seriously ill again, so he resigned and went home to recuperate. In November of the same year, his father Guo died of illness for three years. From then on, I stayed at home for ten years until the seventeenth year of Guangxu (189 1). During this period, Guo Qingfan made great efforts to write books and read books. In the past ten years, he achieved his scholarship and turned him from a floating official into a scholar who wrote books.
On the one hand, he devoted himself to reading and writing, on the other hand, he helped his uncle Guo Songtao to manage the social affairs of Sixian and cultivate backward people. In the seventeenth year of Guangxu (189 1), Guo Qingfan recovered from illness and became an official again. He was transferred to Jiangsu as a Taoist priest, and repaired the Yangzhou section of the Beijing-Hangzhou Canal with careful investigation, scientific planning and on-site command, which enabled this section of the canal to be repaired smoothly and played a greater role in irrigation and water transportation. Guangxu twenty-two years (1896), aged 52, died in Jiangsu.
Guo Zhenyong, the son of Guo Qing Fan, is the author of Notes on Guo Taifu in the Later Han Dynasty, Peace Talks with Xiang Army, and Correction of Korean Buddhist Bone Errors.