The Longmen Taoist Sect is a branch of the Quanzhen Sect of Taoism and has a greater influence within the Taoism. Qiu Chuji converted the Longmen Sect into formal Taoism based on Quanzhen teachings, and taught disciples, allowing it to develop further. He played a major role in the northern sect of Taoism and was an influential key figure. The Longmen branch was named because he lived in Longmen Cave, Longzhou.
Qiu Chuji (1148-1227), a native of Qixia County, Dengzhou, Shandong Province, was born in the late Southern Song Dynasty (1148-1227 AD). His courtesy name was Tongmi, his Taoist name was Changchunzi, his original name was Qiu Ge, and Qiu Chuji was his master. Given by Wang Chongyang. During the 13 years of practice in Longmen Cave, Qiu Chuji perfected Quanzhen Taoism and gradually became the most accomplished Quanzhen Taoist in the history of Chinese Taoism. He was respected by the three dynasties of the Southern Song Dynasty, Jin Dynasty and Yuan Dynasty. He was summoned by Jin Shizong and Yuan Taizu many times. He was canonized as a national teacher by Genghis Khan and took charge of Taoism across the country. Since then, Longmen Cave has become famous and entered into glory and fame. China has reached its peak. Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty once wrote a couplet in the Baiyun Temple in Beijing: "Eternal beauty does not require looking at the clouds to seek the secret. Only by saying a word to stop killing can you know that there is a magical power to save the world." He spoke highly of Qiu Chuji's feat. To this day, there are still relics left in Longmen Cave such as the grinding stone of Qiuzu Cave and the stone carving of "Qingtian Song".
In the reign of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty (1662-1722), Wang Changyue, the abbot of Baiyunguan, publicly taught ordination. From then on, the Longmen sect flourished, with more than a thousand disciples receiving ordination at one time. The disciples of Longmen were named according to the single rotation of the designated sect. The name was originally 20 characters, but as the number of disciples multiplied, it was increased to 100 characters. Because the Chuan sect was founded by Qiu Chuji, who had a high reputation and lived in Longmen Cave, his disciples were naturally the authentic disciples of the Longmen sect. However, Baiyunguan is the place where Qiu settled after being conferred by the imperial court, and Hu County Zu'an is where Wang Chongyang is buried. Therefore, the disciples accepted by the three places are all considered to be disciples of the Longmen Sect of Quanzhen Sect, and all three places are regarded by believers. It is the birthplace of the Longmen branch and is revered (Wang Chongyang is called the founder of the Quanzhen religion within the Taoism, and Qiu Chuji is the leader. The true direct descendant of Longmen refers to the descendant of Zhao Xujing after Qiu Chuji). Therefore, Longmen Cave, Baiyun Temple in Beijing, Yongle Palace in Shanxi Province, and Chongyang Palace in Hu County, Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province are called the "ancestral palaces of the Quanzhen Sect". Due to different places of inheritance, each tribe has its own branch, but all recognize the Longmen Sect as the sect.
The Longmen Taoist teachings are the Quanzhen teachings formulated by Wang Chongyang. There are 15 articles: 1. To become a monk, you must first live in a nunnery; 2. When traveling in pursuit of the Tao, do not avoid danger; 3. , Learning books (reading, calligraphy) is mainly based on mental interpretation; 4. Research medicine to help the world; 5. The nunnery must have a roof to avoid the light of the sun and the moon, but it cannot build high-rise buildings to isolate the earth; 6. There should be Taoist companions , exchange the experience of cultivating the Tao; 7. Sit quietly and practice meditation; 8. Seek to calm the mind and eliminate worries; 9. Reconciling the essence of the five elements into one body to properly match the five qi; 10. Serve up the rationality while being tolerant and slow to refine the nature; 11. Cultivation of life; 12. Accumulation of merit; 13. Beyond the realm of desires, form, and formless realms; 14. Cultivating the body; 15. Dropping off the mind and truly leaving the mortal world. 1. The legend of the opening of Longmen Cave. There is a lack of reliable documentary records of the era when Longmen Cave was opened and temples were built. According to legend, the mountain farm was first called Jingfu Mountain, and Longmen Cave was another hilltop of Jingfu Mountain. At the end of the Southern Song Dynasty, the Temple of King Yu was built on Longmen Mountain, which was small in scale. At that time, there were larger Buddhist temples such as Yuhuang Temple, Shigong Temple, and Longmen Temple in the area of ??present-day Xinjichuan. There used to be a big bell in Longmen Cave, with the words "Made in Longmen Temple" cast on it, which was brought from Longmen Temple. Longmen Cave Mountain is deep and densely forested. There is the Temple of King Yu on the Black Tiger Pond at the base of the mountain. Monks can live and meditate here. Before Qiu Chuji came to Longmen Cave, Wang Chongyang’s disciple Ma Danyang came here to visit the Shigong Temple and Longzhou Chengbei Medicine. Wang Chongyang lived in Wangdong and established the Chongyang Association in Longmen Cave, inviting Quanzhen Taoist disciples to come and gather to commemorate Wang Chongyang, the founder of Quanzhen. After leaving Longmen Cave, Qiu went to Zhongnan Mountain Ancestral Temple. Longmen Cave asked his disciple Zhao Jiugu to preside over it. After Zhao Jiuzhan went to the snowy mountains, he died in the Western Regions. Longmen Cave was taken over by Qiu Menxia Master He Zhizhen (a mason from the Huashan branch of the Longmen Sect). He carried out large-scale expansion projects, built additional temples, built plank roads, made cliff carvings, and officially named the main mountain site Jingfu. , the layout of Longmen Cave that remains to this day was laid down at this time. The Yuan Dynasty marble stele under the Sigong Temple details the construction process and is an important historical data.
There is also a legend that the Longmen Cave before Qiu Lai was part of the Longmen Temple Buddhist Temple. Because people from mountainous areas built this temple to commemorate Xia Yu’s achievements in digging mountains and controlling floods, Qiu was able to settle here and later founded the temple. The Longmen Taoist sect named after this mountain established a jungle system and recruited disciples to teach the precepts. In addition, Qiu was received by emperors of the Jin and Yuan dynasties with great courtesy and order to lead Taoism in the country. Wherever he went, officials, people and other sects greeted him respectfully with fragrant flowers, and his reputation spread throughout the country.
The expansion of Longmen Cave into a majestic Taoist jungle represents the memory of Qiu's kindness from the source of water. Legend has it that Qiu once sent the golden Dao crown given to him by Emperor Taizu of the Yuan Dynasty to Longmen Cave for preservation. To this day, Taoist disciples of the Longmen sect can wear golden lotus crowns during ritual ceremonies and chant sutras, but other sects cannot wear them. The Longmen sect respected Wang Chongyang as the founder of the religion, and Qiu as the leader of the religion. They built statues in the hall, with Qiu occupying the main hall, and Wang living in the back hall and side halls. The Taoist temple still preserved in Longmen Cave was built in the early Yuan Dynasty. As for the fact that Lou Jing in the early Western Han Dynasty practiced cultivation and built mountains in Longmen Cave, the Lou Jing Pavilion, the cave ruins and the stone carvings of "Dingriyue Mr. Lou Jing Cave" next to Hunyuanding, or Yin Zhichang deliberately left these mysterious traces when he was building the temple at that time, There is no detailed information and it is difficult to be sure.
2. Chen Yexian Urn During the Jiaqing period of the Qing Dynasty, Chen Mingyao, a Taoist priest from Jingyuan, Gansu Province, had blue eyes and a yellow beard, a strange appearance, and was capable of poetry. He came to Longmen Cave and lived in Zaoyang Cave to practice Taoism and often practiced medicine. The locals respectfully called him "Chen Yexian". One day, Chen went to a ceramics shop in Ankou Town, Huating County, Gansu Province to beg alms. The shop owner deliberately made things difficult for him and said, "There is no cash to donate in the store. There are only large porcelain urns for sale. You are a wild fairy. You should be able to move them yourself." He bowed his head in thanksgiving and left. Late at night, a strong wind suddenly rose, and the two large water urns in the shop were blown to the stone platform on the half-cliff of Xiangziwan Rock behind Longmen Cave. The remains of the porcelain urns still remain. 3. The King's Way Transforms into a Turtle
There is a deep cave behind the second-level shrine under the Hunyuan Peak, which is said to lead to Kongtong Mountain in Pingliang, Gansu. There are often gods and men living in the cave. But there is a deep pool at the entrance of the cave, which cannot be passed by mortals. At some point, Taoist Wang, who had developed semi-immortal abilities through cultivation, was able to cross the deep pool and enter the cave. The first time he entered the cave, he saw a carpenter doing carpentry work. He guessed that this man must have been transformed by a god and he couldn't miss the opportunity, so he made up a lie and said that he wanted to renovate the Longmen Cave temple and had insufficient financial resources, so he asked the gods to help with magic. The carpenter agreed, pointing to the pieces of wood residue in the ground and asking him to carry them as hard as he could. He was disappointed at the time, but when he came out of the hole, he was overjoyed to see that the wood chips had turned into gold nuggets. But although this man had seen through the world, he was extremely greedy and selfish. He only spent a small amount of gold to build the temple, and the rest was taken to his home. He was not greedy enough, so he went into the cave to carry it on his back for the second time, and pretended to carry it out with a big back. However, he was so happy that he forgot about it, made a mistake, and fell into the Black Tiger Pond under the Weiyun Bridge. The locals say that he was beaten into the pond by the Black Tiger Spirit Officer guarding the mountain with an iron whip. He also said that after his death, he turned into a giant turtle. In the future, fellow villagers who went to the mountains to offer incense would call Wang Dao's name when they passed by the pond, and the turtle would come out of the water and nod to the villagers. Someone disliked his greed and turned into an alien, bringing shame to his fellow villagers, so he spit on him. From then on, he went to the bottom of the pond in shame and never showed his face again. 4. The Daoist Stone and the Shuanma Stone, the founder of the Yuan Dynasty, Kublai Khan, because the imperial advisor Qiu Chuji once lived in Longmen Cave and heard that the scenery here is very good, he led his ministers to visit. On the rocks east of Dingxin Peak He discussed the Quanzhen Taoism with the disciples of the Longmen Sect at that time, and left a Taoist Stone and the "Supreme Tan Xuan Stele" in front of the peak. Because he had many guards and the place was full of stone walls, there was nowhere to tie his horse, so he tied his horse to the crow's mouth-shaped cliff on the overhanging wall of the front mountain gate. This trace has been passed down to this day.