Cuan Baozi Monument
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The Cuan Baozi Monument is located in the No. 1 Middle School of Qujing City. This monument was unearthed in Yangqitian Village, Qujing in 1778 and moved to Qujing City in 1852.
Cuan Baozi Monument, commonly known as Xiao Cuan Monument. The monument is 1.83 meters high and 0.68 meters wide, with 13 lines of 30 characters each. There are 13 lines of inscriptions at the end of the stele, with 4 characters in each line and 15 characters on the forehead, all written in regular script. This stele was erected in 404, with a 388-word inscription on the top of the stele: "The tomb of Cuanfu Jun, the prefect of Jianning, General Zhenwei of the Jin Dynasty". The inscription records the life of Cuan Baozi, leader of the Cuan tribe and hereditary governor of Jianning County. The official titles at the end of the stele record the official titles of the Cuan family, the hereditary local ruler at that time. The lower left corner of the stele is engraved with an inscription and postscript written by Deng Erheng of Nanning Prefecture in 1852, recording the excavation and relocation of the stele.
The calligraphy of the stele is somewhere between official and regular script. The font is simple and the writing is sharp, which is of great value for studying the evolution of Chinese characters. It is one of the first batch of national key cultural relics protection units.
The Southern Dynasties followed the Jin system and prohibited the erection of stele, so there were very few stele inscriptions. However, Yunnan's "Er Cuan" ("Cuan Baozi Stele" and "Cuan Longyan Stele") can be said to be as bright as stars, shining in the night sky. The "Cuan Baozi Stele" was erected by leaders of ethnic minorities in the border areas of Yunnan who were influenced by Han culture and imitated the Han system. This stele was engraved in the fourth year of the Eastern Jin Dynasty (405 AD).
The script is regular script with obvious official meaning. Some of the horizontal paintings on the stele still retain the wavy style of official script, but the structure is square and close to regular script. The brush used is mainly square, which is dignified and simple, and there is skill in clumsiness. It looks stupid, but it always has the potential to fly.
It is very appropriate that Kang Youwei commented in "Guangyi Zhou Shuangji" that this stele has "a face as simple as that of an ancient Buddha".
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Cuàn Baozi Monument
Cuàn (cuàn) Baozi Monument is located in the No. 1 Middle School of Qujing City, Yunnan Province .
The Cuan Baozi Stele was unearthed in Yangqitian Village, Qujing in the 43rd year of Qianlong’s reign in the Qing Dynasty (1778). It was moved to Wuhou Temple in Qujing City in the second year of Xianfeng (1852) and moved to Qujing District in 1937. A middle school.
The Cuan Baozi stele, commonly known as the "Xiao Cuan" stele, was erected in the fourth year of the Eastern Jin Dynasty (404). The stele is rectangular, with a height of 1.83 meters, a width of 0.68 meters, and a thickness of 0.21 meters. The head of the stele is semicircular, and the inscription on the forehead is "The tomb of Lord Cuanfu, the prefect of Jianning, General Zhenwei of the Jin Dynasty", with 5 lines and 15 characters. The inscription is 400 words, 13 lines, each line has 7 to 30 words. There are 13 lines of inscriptions at the end of the stele, each line has 4 characters, all of which are official scripts. Except for the last word, which is missing, the rest are clearly legible. The main content of the stele is to describe the life, family history and political achievements of Cuan Baozi. Cuan Baozi was the leader of the Qiu tribe and the hereditary prefect of Jianning County. The Cuan family was one of the famous "Nanzhong surnames" from the late Han Dynasty to the middle of the Tang Dynasty. The two counties of Jianning (today's Qujing area) and Jinning (today's Dianchi Lake area) are the central areas under the jurisdiction of the Cuan family. The title of the official at the end of the stele records the name of the official of the Jianning prefect at that time, which has high historical value. The lower left side of the stele is engraved with an inscription written by Deng Erheng of Nanning Prefecture in July of the second year of Xianfeng in the Qing Dynasty (1852), recording the excavation and spread of the stele.
The inscriptions on the inscriptions are vigorous and simple, with square folds, reflecting the transition of Chinese characters from official script to regular script. It is an important physical example for studying the evolution of Chinese calligraphy. In the history of calligraphy, this stele is often called "Xiao Cuan", and it is called "Er Cuan" together with the Cuan Longyan stele in the Southern Dynasties.
Cuan (chuan four tones) Baozi stele, the full name is the stele of "The Tomb of Cuan Fujun, the Former Jin Dynasty General Zhenwei, Jianning Prefecture". It was unearthed in Yangqi Tian, ??70 miles south of Qujing County, in the year of Qianlong and Wuxu (1778 AD).
In the early years of Xianfeng, the county annals were re-edited and the inscriptions were recorded for the first time. Relevant people thought it was valuable, so they moved it to the Wuhou Temple in the city. Today, Qujing No. 1 Middle School remains and a stele pavilion was built to protect it. Yuan Jiagu, a native of Yunnan, wrote a couplet for the stele pavilion:
In honor of the tycoon of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Bao Zenghui has three hundred words.
It is called South Yunnan Xiaocuan, and the stone tablet has a life span of two thousand years.
It has been more than 1,570 years since the monument was erected. The "three hundred" and "two thousand" here are used for language comparison, and the approximation is taken. The actual inscription contains 388 words, which was written in the Eastern Jin Dynasty as "The tycoon was four years old in early April of Yi". . The Cuan family is a popular surname and a wealthy family in Nanzhong. As early as the Three Kingdoms era, Zhuge Liang personally conquered Yunnan, and after quelling the rebellion of the Nanzhong clan, he "recruited his heroes" as local officials. To enrich the Shu Han army, "divide the weak and weak into tribes with the surnames Jiao, Yong, Lou, Cuan, Meng, Liang, Mao and Li." ("Nanzhong Zhi") By the Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, the Cuan family had dominated Nanzhong. In 1971, a stone inscription was unearthed in Luliang County, which read: "On the eighth day of the first lunar month of the fifth year of Tai (Tai) He's marriage (Xin), Wuyin established Cuan Longxiang's tomb." This "Longxiang" is the name of a general of the Jin Dynasty, whose status is slightly lower than that of the Three Dukes. The rulers of the southern and northern dynasties of Jin Dynasty were often given the title "Longxiang". Although this stele contains only a few words, it proves that as early as more than 80 years before Cuan Baozi, there was someone from the Cuan family who served as General Long Xiang. His family has long been famous and dominant. Judging from the inscription, this prefect who died at the age of 23 was promoted to General Zhenwei. The signatures at the end of the stele include 13 officials, including chief secretary, recorder, Xicao, governor, governor, secretary, Qianli, minor official, Weiyi, etc. This shows the flattery and dependence of powerful officials, as well as the Examine the establishment of local officials at that time to fill in the gaps in historical records.
The Cuan Baozi stele has many different characters. Later generations have many explanations. The calligraphy style is between official and regular script, with a simple structure, strong square hair, clumsy yet clever, and full of ancient flavor. Many predecessors have praised it: Li Genyuan said that the stele's "steel is as strong as iron, and its beauty is like a goddess"; Kang Youwei said that his calligraphy is "simple, thick, ancient and luxuriant, with all kinds of strange postures".
Compared with the Cuan Longyan Stele, this stele has fewer characters and the stone stele is smaller (1.83 meters high and 0.86 meters wide), so later generations called the Cuan Baozi Stele "Xiao Cuan". Daheng was the reign name changed by Emperor Jin'an in the year of Renyin (402 AD). The following year it was renamed Yuanxing, and in Yiji (405 AD) it was renamed Yixi. Yunnan is far away on the border and does not know the changes in the era names in the mainland, so it still uses them.
The stele is made of sand and stone. It was unearthed in Yangqitian Village, Qujing in the 43rd year of Qianlong's reign in the Qing Dynasty (1778 AD). It was moved to Qujing City in 1852 and is now located in Cuanxuan Pavilion in Qujing No. 1 Middle School. The head of the monument is semicircular, and the entire monument is rectangular, 1.83 meters high, 0.68 meters wide, and 0.21 meters thick. The inscription has 13 lines, each line has 30 words. There are 13 lines of inscriptions at the end of the stele, with 4 characters in each line and 15 characters on the forehead, all in regular writing. The inscription records the life of Cuan Baozi, leader of the Cuan tribe and hereditary governor of Jianning County.
The calligraphy on this stele is between official and regular script, which reflects the transition style from official script to regular script. It provides valuable information for the evolution of Chinese characters and calligraphy research, and it has a very high status in calligraphy. In March 1961, the State Council officially approved it as one of the first batch of key cultural relics protection units in the country, and allocated funds to repair and rebuild the stele pavilion and strengthen the stele base.