The history of Han musical instruments Han Guqin during the Sui and Tang Dynasties

During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, Western music was popular and the pipa was rising. The development of guqin music was subject to certain restrictions. However, the emergence of guqin music not only promoted the spread of guqin music at that time, but also had far-reaching historical significance for the inheritance and development of guqin music in later generations, bringing the history of ancient Chinese music into an era of accompanying music. At the end of the Sui Dynasty and the beginning of the Tang Dynasty, Zhao sorted out popular words and fingering methods, and compiled works explaining playing methods such as "Right Hand Performance" and "Gesture Performance". The famous piano piece "Jieshi Dances with Youlan" is the earliest and only existing guqin script in my country. It spread from Liangqiu to the Southern and Ming Dynasties, and is now the Tang Dynasty calligraphy popular in Japan.

Poets Li Qiao, Li Qi, Li Bai, Han Yu, Bai Juyi, Hu Zhang and Yuan Zhen of the Tang Dynasty all wrote immortal poems about Guqin. Bai Juyi likes Guqin. There is a saying: "Shu Qin's wood is solid, and Chu's poems are clear." He has very good piano skills and can play and sing by himself. Even during the trip, he still regarded Guqin as his friend. He wrote in the year "Ye Qin": Birds perch on the moon, and the moonlight shines on the river at night. There was nothing outside but the ship's piano. The lyre is a good friend, the two ears are a bosom friend, and peace of mind means that the sound is weak and has no flavor of ancient or modern times. "Ship to Aid Qin at Night" also has: "The jade rhythm moves the guqin, and the heart of the philosopher can see the heart of the saint.". As far as the south wind is concerned, nine suspicious apes fill the mountains. "Describes the rich expressive power of the guqin. Famous pianists in the Tang Dynasty include Zhao, Dong, Xue, Chen Kangshi, Chen Zhuo, etc. Zhao summed up the qin school at that time and said: "The martial voice is beautiful. If the Yangtze River flows widely, it will stretch out and die, which is the style of a national scholar. Shu's voice was urgent. If the waves are violent and there is thunder, it will be cool for a while. '

It still conforms to the characteristics of the Wu and Shu factions. Dong's works from 0755 to 79000 and 0755 to 79000 during the prosperous Tang Dynasty have been passed down to this day. Xue's "Listening to Yue Playing the Qin" summarizes the functions of guqin music: "Be able to watch the wind and teach, be able to capture the soul, be able to identify emotions, be happy, be quiet, be brave, be dust-free, and be able to distinguish ghosts and gods." He also pointed out that the performer must "Full concentration" was emphasized by later generations of piano players, which resulted in many piano performance norms.

In the late Tang Dynasty, Cao Rou created the reduced character spectrum in view of the extremely complex character spectrum and inconvenience of use. In other words, based on the Chinese character notation, the notation of Chinese characters is simplified, similar to playing symbols, and is an early form of Guqin simplified notation. Dong was a famous pianist in the Tang Dynasty. He inherited the most famous melodies of Shen and Zhu from his teacher at the time, Chen Huaigu, and was good at playing "Da Hu Jia", "Xiao Hu Jia" and other tunes. Tianbao pianist Yixue Jianneng played 40 violins and 300 miscellaneous pieces. There are also seven theoretical works "Qi Qin", and he is good at playing "Home", "Mustache's Home", "Qin Tactics", "Spring Outing in the Three Gorges", "Hu Jia", "Ye Wu Diao" and other songs. In the late Tang Dynasty, there was also a piano piece composed by pianist Chen Kangshi based on Qu Yuan's "Farewell to the River Grass".