There are some plums in the corner, and cold ling opens them alone.
I knew from a distance that it wasn't snow, because there was a smell coming.
When the ancients borrowed these images, they often had a pattern: bamboo mostly painted bones, and the realm was all in it. Some words were mixed with mottled bamboo, so-called freehand brushwork in the landscape. Loose, associated with painting, painting posture and loose posture; If you write a poem about God, you will be relaxed in your imagination. You draw a poem to express your spirit, and you express your ambition through things. Orchids, plants, potted plants, study flying incense, delicate fragrance and elegant, indifferent and elegant. Plums, like pine, can draw poems. The difference is that pine is vivid with paintings, while plum is vivid with poems. Besides, Mei seems to have all the characteristics of the other three "gentlemen": as thin as a bamboo pole, as colorful as pine and cypress, and as fragrant as blue. Therefore, the artistic conception expressed by Jiumei in the poem "Four Gentlemen" is particularly rich. In Wang Anshi's Plum Blossom, a few strokes outline several plum blossoms, and all these characteristics are written out. In the image, Song often sings a monologue, and the environment is only used as a foil, mainly to see the loose posture. Mei is different from Mei, and Mei is often combined with the environment. Of course, in ink painting, the environment can be blank, but this is the environment, but it is hazy.
The word "jiao" in Plum Blossom points out the environment and is extremely vivid and artistic. The corner is particularly deserted, and it seems that the space is very narrow. In fact, the author takes the corner as the center and develops an infinite space. It was empty outside the corner, and he thought of it when he saw the corner. The combination of "several branches" and "horns" is very natural, showing the thinness of Mei, and naturally thinking of the gesture of "several branches of Mei". The word "cold ling" plays up a special atmosphere. The cold wind did not blur the imaginary line of sight, but it drove away the ambiguity in imagination and brought a pool of clear water in winter. Therefore, whether it is Qumei or Zhimei, readers will always feel that there are several clear pictures of formed plums in their minds. The word "independence" skillfully separates Mei's small world from the outside world, just like a sword splitting a watershed. Mei's outstanding "horizontal" (plum branches don't "stand"), and the image of Mei's pure and elegant floated away. "Far knowledge is not snow", snowflake and plum blossom, a pair of "golden partners" in nature, set each other off and shine, are similar and integrated. The author clearly "sees", "is not" and "knows from a distance". Why? Come for Dimfragrance. Dimfragrance is colorless, but it gives the picture a hazy color. Clear and hazy crisscross, just like a flickering hole in the snow, causing swaying movement. It is also like a wisp of smoke floating in the waves, blocking the plum branches. The author spread the artistic conception layer by layer with sporadic pen and ink, and mentioned the infinite virtual scene in a few words, and the spirit of Mei also showed incisively and vividly. The author's desire also fascinates readers.
Because plum blossoms are pure and elegant, people often describe people with noble character.
2
Yimei Li shangyin
Far from home, I don't want to see the scenery in spring.
Cold plum is the most hateful. It looks like last year's flowers.
Make an appreciative comment
This is Li Shangyin's later work in Zizhou. Written in the spring when flowers are in full bloom, the cold plum has already bloomed, so the title is "Recalling Plum".
At first, the poet's mind was not on plum blossoms, but on staying in a foreign land. Zizhou (now under the jurisdiction of Sichuan Santai) is more than 1,800 miles away from Chang 'an, and is called "Tianya" because of its vast territory in the Tang Dynasty. It is more psychological than geographical. Li Shangyin came to Zizhou at the request of Liu Zhongying when his career was frustrated and his wife died. Living alone in a foreign land and going to shogunate, I feel lonely and depressed. I didn't expect to live for a few years, and my mood was even more depressing. "Stay at the end of the world" is the voice of this painful soul. Fixed, still "dead" and "firm", the poet felt as if he had been nailed to this foreign land forever. Here, there is intense pain, indescribable boredom and helpless sadness. Qu Fu said: "The slang' Tintin' is elegant in poetry." This "elegance" seems to be understood as artistic expression.
The poet, suffering from homesickness and lingering sadness, couldn't help looking for spiritual comfort, so he turned out the second sentence: "I can't bear material desires." Wuhua refers to the beautiful spring scenery in front of us. Yiyi described the feeling of being intimate and touching in front of beautiful spring scenery. The poet seems to have been comforted temporarily in front of the blooming spring scenery, and a tender feeling of infinite attachment to beautiful things rises from the deep heart. In a word or two, feelings seem to be diametrically opposed. In fact, the feeling of "longing for things" is born of "settling in the end of the world", but two diametrically opposite feelings are interlinked.
"Han Mei is the most hateful. She grew into a flower last year." In three or four sentences, the poetic realm has a greater turning point. Faced with colorful "things", the poet can't help but think of plum blossoms. Spring blooms first, but when the flowers are in full bloom, the flowers wither early and the fragrance is exhausted. When a poet regrets, he can't help but resent. Recalling plum blossoms from To the Object is a layer of twists and turns; Remember Mei, hate Mei, another layer of twists and turns. "Hate" is the development and deepening of "memory", just as deeply expected disappointment will turn into resentment.
But this is just the psychology of ordinary people. For Li Shangyin, it is more internal reasons. The characteristics of "cold plum" blooming in spring and dying in the hope of spring will naturally remind poets of themselves: young people are wise early, topics are written early, and themes are published early; However, it was followed by a series of misfortunes and blows. After entering Sichuan, I was already "willing to be a Buddhist, just to ring the bell and sweep the floor, and willing to be a passer-by for Liang Qingshan" (Preface to Fan Nanyi's Collection), and I was quite depressed. Isn't it the poet's own portrayal that this early show withers first, and he can't enjoy the "cold plum blossom" with a hundred flowers blooming in spring? In the poem Plum Blossom in Mid-November, the poet once expressed the same sigh: "Who is Zaoxiu? Don't wait for miss Fang. " From time to time, it is early, and the early plum that "does not stay as the fragrance of the year" and the cold plum that "grows as the flower of last year" are all symbols of the poet's unfortunate life experience. It is precisely because of seeing or thinking about it that the sadness of life experience will be touched, and poets will naturally complain that "cold plum is the most hateful." When the poem is written here, it is gloomy and closed, revealing an indescribable sadness.
The five-character quatrains are natural, and the meaning runs through. Avoid deliberate carving and twists and turns. This poem "Yi Mei" is full of twists and turns (Ji Yun's comment), but it doesn't give people the feeling of being sloppy and broken. The key point is that the twists and turns can't be separated from the poet's ups and downs and stranded life experience. In this way, the latent qi can turn inward, see in twists and turns, and see in diversity the unity, reaching the realm of God without trace.
3 zaomei
Miracle
All the trees are frozen and may break at any time.
The root of loneliness is warm and lonely.
In Qiancun, Zita Law,
A branch was opened last night.
The wind gives off a delicate fragrance,
Birds peep at plain beauty.
If the law is observed next year,
Start watching Chuntai.
Appreciation of poetry and prose
Qi is already a child of a poor family in the countryside. He studied hard while herding cattle. A few years later, he could write poems, was discovered by the elders in the temple, and was taken into the temple to become a monk. One winter, after a heavy snow, Qi went out in the morning and was attracted by the snow in front of him. Suddenly, several wintersweet blossoms in front of him attracted birds to sing around them. Qi was stunned by the scenery in front of him. After returning to the temple, he immediately wrote the poem "Early Plum".
This is a poem about objects. The language of the whole poem is light, moist and insipid, and there is no flashy atmosphere. It depicts the arrogant and cold character and elegant charm of plum blossom with meaningful brushstrokes, and creates a lofty realm with profound implications.
4 Mo Wang Mei noodles
The trees in Xiyan Lake near my home are covered with faint ink marks.
Don't boast about the good color, just let the air be full of dried Kun.
Enjoy 1
This is a poem. Mo Mei is the plum blossom of ink painting. Poets praise Mo Mei and Dont Ask For Help, just to leave a fragrance of virtue to the world. In fact, he used Mei as a metaphor to express his life attitude and noble sentiment.
The first two sentences, "The first tree in Xiyan Lake, my home, is full of pale ink marks", which directly describes Mo Mei. In the painting, the plum trees by the pond are in full bloom, and the plum blossoms are stained with a faint ink color. "West Wild Goose Lake" is the allusion of Wang Xizhi's "middle school books in the pool, and the water in the pool is all black". The poet has the same surname as Wang Xizhi, a calligrapher in Jin Dynasty, so he says "my home".
Three or four sentences praise Mo Mei's moral integrity. It is painted in light ink, and although its appearance is not exquisite, it has a beautiful, noble and dignified, secluded and detached inner temperament; It doesn't want to attract people, please people and get people's praise with bright colors. It just wants to send out a fragrance and let it stay between heaven and earth. These two sentences are the poet's self-portrayal. Wang Mian grew up in a poor family, herding cattle during the day and studying hard under the ever-burning lamps of Buddhist temples at night. Finally, he learned a lot. He is good at poetry and painting, and he is versatile. However, he tried every time and didn't want to curry favor with the powerful, so he decided to be rich and famous, and lived in seclusion in Jiulishan, East Zhejiang, drawing rice for a living. The phrase "don't be praised by lewdness, just stay dry for nothing" shows the poet's character of disdain, independence and self-appreciation.
This poem, titled Mo Mei, is intended to express one's ambition. The poet organically integrates painting style, poetic style and personality. Literally praising plum blossoms is actually appreciating the virtue of a person standing.
After writing and painting in West Wild Goose Lake, wash the brush and inkstone. Wang Xizhi has a legend that "the middle school books in the pool are all black". This is the allusion used here. The poet has the same surname as Wang Xizhi, a calligrapher in Jin Dynasty, so he says "my home".
5 Appreciation of Wang Mian's White Eyebrows
This body is in a forest of ice and snow, different from peaches and plums.
Suddenly, the fragrance of the night was scattered like a dry spring in Wan Li.
This poem eulogizes Bai Mei's noble character. She grew up in a snowy winter, proudly open, not to be confused with peaches, plums and flowers. Suddenly flowers bloom overnight, and the fragrance spreads all over the world. Poets are not only chanting things, but also singing people's spiritual character.
Bai Mei, born in the severe winter of ice and snow, is proudly open and not confused with the fragrance of peaches, plums and flowers. Suddenly flowers bloom overnight, and the fragrance spreads all over the world.
six
Zaomei
Early plum blossoms and tall trees reflect Chu Tianbi (1).
The crescent moon blows Ye Xiang (2), and the frost is numerous and white.
Want to be a gift for ten thousand people, separated by mountains and rivers (3).
Cold English is on pins and needles (4), why comfort distant guests (5).
Precautions:
[1] jiǒng: far. Chutian: Chu's sky. Yongzhou was a place of Chu in ancient times, and most of Liu's poems were called "Chu".
[2] new moon blowing: north wind blowing.
[3] Wobble (y m: o y m: o bite): endless.
[4] Cold English: English, flower cold English refers to flowers that bloom in winter. Sit down: This means immediately, that is, soon, soon. Autumn: wither and scatter.
[5] He Yong: namely He Yong, prepositional object.
Today's translation:
Chimonanthus praecox blooms early on tall trees.
The flowers set off the blue southern sky.
At night, the north wind blows a faint fragrance,
The early morning frost moistens the white and beautiful flowers.
I want to send flowers to my relatives and friends thousands of miles away.
It's a long way to go, Xiu Yuan, but mountains and rivers block it.
Flowers will fall in the cold wind,
What can be used to comfort distant guests?
Appreciate:
Plum blossom is proud of frost and snow, which has always been the object of poets' praise and often used as a metaphor to express the author's interest. So is Liu Zongyuan. In the poem "Early Plum", Liu Zongyuan described the charm of plum blossom opening early in the cold wind, showing his aloof and noble character and indomitable spirit of struggle.
The whole poem has two meanings, the first four sentences are chanting things, and the last four sentences are lyrical. "Early plums grow tall trees, reflecting Chu Tianbi." The pen is extraordinary and the gesture is abrupt. Different from other flowers, jujube and plum blossom in the cold winter when all is silent, and "the flower falls and leaves alone" (Lin Bu's Xiao Mei in the Mountain Garden). A word "hair" vividly shows the vibrant image of Jujube Sister with her head held high in full bloom in front of readers. Its lofty and broad blue sky not only embodies the color of plum blossom, but also highlights its elegance and uniqueness. However, the word "Gao" in "Fa" borrows reality to write emptiness, suggesting that the poet is unconventional and superior to the times. "The north wind floats in Ye Xiang, and first frost is vast and white" closely follows the harsh environment of plum blossom opening in the first two sentences, which shows the unique character of plum blossom. These two poems are similar to the quatrains in Lu You's Falling Plums, and they both praise the unyielding character of Plum Blossom's disdain for frost and snow. In fact, the "new moon blowing" and "numerous frost" of Zaomei's environment are the epitome of Liu Zongyuan's political environment. After the failure of "Yongzhen Innovation", Liu Zongyuan was demoted to a remote and backward southern wasteland, living a prisoner's life and being severely devastated physically and mentally. In the face of repeated blows from decadent forces, he always sticks to his ideals and holds firm confidence. He said: "If you stick to the way of being a saint, you will learn from the big and medium. Although you were rejected, it is more important. " ("Answering Zhou Jun's Nest Bait Medicine Longevity Book")
The author witnessed the admirable plum blossom and thought of relatives and friends far away, so he expressed his feelings in one sentence: "I want to give Wan Li a gift, and I am separated by mountains and rivers, but Lengying sat down and suppressed it. Why comfort distant guests? " The first two sentences are Lu Kai's poem "Folding Plum Blossoms to Welcome Mailers to Send Gansu People" to Ye Fan. There is nothing in the south of the Yangtze River. It's all a spring gift, but its meaning is different. Lu's poems are free and easy, while Liu's poems are gloomy. This is because the situation of Liu Zongyuan's poetry is different from that of Lu Kai. After Liu Zongyuan was demoted to Yongzhou, "crimes and disadvantages are intertwined, and doubts prevail." "Old minister" has been afraid to receive his letter. How much Liu Zongyuan misses his relatives and friends in loneliness! So I thought of folding plums, but my relatives and friends are thousands of miles away, so it is impossible to send them. Besides geographical reasons, there are also political reasons. As a "prisoner", he can't bring trouble to his relatives and friends, not to mention "Lengying is on pins and needles, how can he comfort distant guests?" "Liu Zongyuan thought of his life experience and his situation from Mei's early opening and early setting. Why not worry? Worry? It is precisely because he is worried about its early opening and early decision that Liu Zongyuan is also encouraging himself and urging himself. In fact, although he was forced to leave Yongzhou's political arena, he never stopped striving for self-improvement. He used his "leisure time" to read books, carefully studied and summarized the practice in the first half of his life, studied hard, made great achievements in theory and made brilliant achievements in literature. This is his comfort to his relatives and friends. The thoughts and feelings expressed in the four poems "For Wan Li" are very complicated, including the thoughts of relatives and friends, the pain of being wronged and the failure to realize the ideal of "helping the world".
Liu Zongyuan is a man who has a strong desire to join the WTO and is unwilling to be lonely, but he lives a wandering life in Yongzhou, far from political activities. The pain brought by relegation always reverberates in his heart and is reflected in his poems. Just as Mr. Sun Changwu said, "The simple and refreshing performance is the unity of deep and blazing inner feelings." This poem goes like this. It depicts the image of Zaomei standing proudly and holding her head high in simple and sparse language, and expresses the poet's feelings. Everything difficult to write is in front of her eyes, and there are endless opinions. Mei's personality is integrated with the author's personality, which is implicit and profound and gives people a strong appeal.
seven
Zaomei
Nanchaoxie
Spring comes early, so I don't doubt that the cold is alone.
I am afraid that after falling into the flowers, no one will look at it.
In order to welcome the arrival of spring, plum blossoms bloom alone, regardless of the cold and snow. But his insistence was ignored.
The poet grasped the word "early" and used the words "doubt" and "fear" to express his psychological state, wrote plum blossom's strong character and indomitable enterprising spirit, and skillfully conveyed the poet's feelings of incompetence and narcissism.
Lan ":
Qiu Lan, Fu Xuan.
Qiu Lan reflects Yaochi, and the water in the pool is fragrant. Lotus hair with the wind, there is a pair of mandarin ducks.
Pisces is enthusiastic, and when two birds are together, they will return to Xiang. You and my concubine have been dressed for nine years.
allow
Bow down to Su Bo and admire Fang Lan. I also want to be a guest, I hope the wind will never sigh.
Bamboo:
The south wind came today, blowing the bamboo in front of the yard. When the treble is low, the blades touch each other.
The wind and snow are bleak and can't be humiliated. The wind and bamboo have returned, and the jade is scattered.
Therefore, there is no mountain today, and autumn rain is a hedge chrysanthemum. I don't know if this gentleman is healthy or not, but he came back to sweep the south porch green.
—— Written in Huzhou in the second year of Yuanfeng (1020)
Yu Qian monk Lu Junxuan
Song sushi
No meat to eat, no bamboo to live. No meat makes people thin, no bamboo makes people vulgar.
People are thin and fat, but most people are incurable. Others scoff at this, so high that they are stupid.
If you don't chew this, there will be no Yangzhou crane in the world. Notes on Su Shi's Selected Poems
Chrysanthemum:
ancient official title
The lion dragon is flying in the sky and brilliant again! Light alleys and thick streets are full of fragrance, and desks are full of chrysanthemums in September.
Tao Yuanming
Building a house is human, and there are no horses and chariots. What can you do? The heart is far from being self-centered.
Picking chrysanthemums under the east fence, you can see Nanshan leisurely. The mountains are getting better and better, and the birds are back.
This makes sense. I forgot to say it if I wanted to defend myself.
Du Fu, a chrysanthemum in front of the courtyard
It is difficult to pick chamomile before it is moved to court. What's the use of tomorrow's depression waking up flowers?
There are many fragrant flowers in the field beside the fence. Pick beautiful flowers to ascend to nave. Branches and leaves grow out of the mill hole, and the roots are gone.