The whole poem is as follows:
A sailing tourist will talk about Japan, which is hidden in water and fog and inaccessible;
But the more people talk about the mother mountain, the clouds are light or visible.
On a straight line leading to heaven, its peak enters heaven, topped with five sacred peaks, and casts a shadow across China.
The Paradise Terrace Mountains are 100 miles long, and it is here that they begin to extend to the southeast.
My heart and my dream are in Wu Heyue, flying over Jinghu Moon overnight.
The moon lit up my shadow and I came to Yanhe.
Xie 'an is still there, with a loud voice and rippling blue waves.
I wore Xie's earliest spiked shoes and climbed the Qingyun ladder.
Halfway through the sunny ocean, the sacred rooster crows in space.
Thousands of turns, flowers lure me, stones slow me down. The day suddenly ended.
Bears, dragons and storms on mountains and rivers disturb forests and shake mountains.
Clouds are darkened by rain, and streams are pale by fog.
God of thunder and lightning, the mountains are crumbling.
Cave stone gate, drain in tiankeng.
An impenetrable shadow, but now the sun and the moon illuminate a golden and silver terrace.
Wearing rainbow clothes and riding the wind, all the queens of the clouds came and came down one by one.
With the tiger as the harp and the phoenix as the dancer, the images of fairies are arranged in rows.
I moved, my soul flew and suddenly began to grow.
My pillow and mat are the lost clouds in which I once lived.
This is the consistent way of human happiness, and all kinds of things will always flow to the east like water.
So I'm leaving you. I don't know how long it will take. But let me, on my green slope, raise a white deer. When I need you, ride to you, great mountain.
Oh, how can I bow and scrape to those people with high status and important positions? They never want to be seen with a sincere face!
Whole poem analysis:
This is a dream poem as well as a fairy poem. The magnificent artistic conception, unpredictable, colorful artistic images and novel expression techniques have always been told by people and are regarded as one of Li Bai's masterpieces.
The ideological content of this poem is quite complicated. After Li Bai left Chang 'an, he suffered political setbacks and was depressed and resentful mentally. There is no way out in the real society, but we can only seek liberation from the illusory celestial world and the mountains far away from the secular world. This kind of seclusion thought seems to be depressed, but it can't be erased. To some extent, it shows that Li Bai has got rid of the bondage of the secular in spirit. This made him send out "Oh, how can I seriously bow and scrape to those high-ranking people, who will never be seen with a sincere face" at the end of the poem. This uncompromising spirit and strong resistance are the keynote of this poem.
The artistic features of this poem show that Li Bai not only expresses his feelings with majestic momentum and gorgeous rhetoric, but also pays attention to the scrutiny of words and the creation of artistic conception. Li Bai also pays attention to the refinement and structure of rhetoric in heroic poems with high spirits and high head and chest. This song "Dream of Mount Tianmu" is enough to illustrate this feature. This is an ancient poem with miscellaneous words in Yuefu style. However, the traditional feature of ancient poetry is the transformation of rhyme to reflect the poetic turning point and the transfer of poetic context. Therefore, this poem should be divided into its levels and chapters according to its rhyming transformation. The whole poem is divided into three paragraphs. The beginning is the introduction, the last paragraph is the conclusion, and the middle is sleepwalking. The structure is very complete, pure prose mode.
In the first paragraph, there are three turns for every three rhymes. It is clearly written in the poem that he will leave the eastern foothills and go south to wuyue. From the perspective of travel, traveling to Tianmu Mountain is only one reason, but the focus of the whole poem is "sleepwalking". It doesn't matter whether sleepwalking really goes to heaven. The east foot is offshore, so it rises with the fairy mountain on the sea. First, two sentences and three or four sentences seem to be equal, and one or two sentences are actually accompanying pens. Every time beggars encounter ups and downs in the real society, they pursue the fairy world, and Li Bai is no exception. Although this is an ideal, it is only an illusion. Fairy world does not exist in reality, and Li Bai is not ignorant; But it is quite realistic that hermits can go to the scenic spots of famous mountains and rivers. Therefore, the author thinks that "Haike" is talking about the holy mountain, and in fact it may not be able to really visit its territory; The Mount Tianmu, as the Vietnamese call it, is really there, although it is high above the sky and is hidden from time to time because of the light clouds and wind. As long as you get there, you can ride a deer, and you seem to be very interested in becoming an immortal. Into the third floor, put aside Yingzhou and write Tianmu. Critics call it "double lifting" and "single bearing", but the techniques used by the author in the first four sentences are not limited to this. These four sentences with five or seven words are interlaced, the first two words are flat and the last two words rhyme, which is naturally the practice of ancient poetry. These four poems are ancient poems after modern poems, which absorb the characteristics of modern poems.
On the third floor, there are four sentences of "the sky is shining". The first sentence not only describes its height, but also looks far, wide and magnificent. The word "through the sky" is really strange. It is easy to build a mountain, but difficult to shape it. The author uses "crossing the sky" to describe it, as if even the arrogant personality of Tianmu Mountain has been written, which is simply a stroke of genius. But even this would not be enough In order to make readers feel deeper, I wrote wuyue, Chicheng and Tiantai Mountain. "Wuyue" is a famous mountain in the sea, but it is far away from Tianmu, so the cloud "pulls" means that Tianmu will pull out more than Tianmu, and this floor is almost empty; Chicheng Mountain is the gateway of Tiantai Mountain, close to Tianmu, so the word "mask" is used, which means unstoppable, and this floor is slightly solid. However, the author thinks that the writing style is not elegant enough, and the word "Tiantai" sets off Tianmu Mountain. Although Tiantai Mountain is high, compared with Tianmu Mountain, it will still admit defeat. This time, the praise of Tianmu Mountain can be said to have spared no effort, but the poet did not specifically describe the characteristics of Tianmu Mountain. I only heard about this cover from the Vietnamese population. I haven't experienced it personally, so I just put pen to paper from an imaginary place. I just detonated it. However, we can also realize the samadhi of writing poems. Idle life is easy to create momentum, and stagnation is insignificant. The reason why Da Fu in Han Dynasty is less attractive than poetry is not because its object is not good, but because its object is too real and empty to be achieved at one go.
The second paragraph is the main part of the whole poem, in order to fully capitalize the dream. In the past, when Jin Shengtan commented on poetry and prose, he always used characters who wrote with pen and ink and danced with ink. This poem is about dreams and reality. "Full" is full and smooth, and "singing and dancing" is full of vitality and change. Judging from the rhyme of the poem, the second paragraph rhymes every seven times. It goes without saying that rhyme changes a lot; However, it should also be noted that among these seven rhymes, the short ones are two sentences and the long ones are six or eight sentences. Rhyme changes frequently, one is to delete and refine words, and the other is to reflect the rapid change. For example, the poem "My Heart and Dreams are in My Moon" is a verse, but it was briefly written in my dream. The poet went from Donglu to Vietnam in a blink of an eye, which not only made the words concise, but also gave people the feeling of jumping a thousand miles. The phrase "a thousand stones turn" rhymes, meaning that the change is sudden and rapid; It takes a little pen and ink to feel redundant. For those that begin with the rhyme of six or eight, the poet intends to integrate Chu Sao, Han Fu, Parallel Four Wives and Six, which embodies the skill of arranging from a long length. This intricate combination, the alternation of illness and Xu, makes readers feel at a loss, and the poetic scene is lost, like a trace that can be found and observed by an unprovoked Ni. This is the place where Li Bai suddenly created himself, not only in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, but also throughout the ages. This is the reason why he was honored as a "poetic immortal".
There are also seven turning points in the rhyme change. The first layer is written in the dream. Writing the night scene on the second floor is like a dream. The poet followed Xie Lingyun's footsteps and reached Tianmu Mountain. The eight sentences on this floor are a rhyme. You can see the moon shadow in the lake and hear the chirping of apes by the water. Along the road that climbers used to walk, you can see the sea and the sun, and you can hear the cock crow. It seems that you have seen the light and are still dreaming. Although there is no turning point in the description of this section, there is rhyme at the end, which is eight sentences long. There are two seven-character sentences in the middle, which makes the style of writing change slightly and not be bland. This is the quietest and most comfortable description in the dream. On the third floor, I wrote about the rapid changes I saw, and then turned to a strange fairy situation. The fourth layer uses the syntax of Chu Sao, only the first sentence says that I heard the dragons of the bear cannon, which made Iwatani sound like thunder and made me feel that I was in a high-risk place. I was shocked. But it was still a voice coming from a distance. When I looked up, it was still silent. The ancients said that there were holes in the mountains, and Li Bai consciously visualized them in his poems. What is written on the fifth floor is an object image, which is static after all; So on the sixth floor, I wrote two sentences about the dynamics of immortals coming in droves, and the situation changed. The author's long-standing fantasy of wandering immortals has come true in an instant, which is really a pleasant and gratifying dream. However, the good times did not last long. On the seventh floor, I immediately woke up from my dream and returned to the real world. Here, the two sentences of "tiger drum trembling" are consistent with the above. The poet woke up from his dream after "the soul suddenly shook". The combination of these two layers is the advantage of this poem. The immortals on the previous floor came one after another, and the first two sentences on this floor were well written, but they were at arm's length with themselves. Although the immortal is numb, he is already in shock, and he has awakened before he disappears from his eyes. On the one hand, the phrase "Tiger Drum Hare" is a vaguely trance scene before waking up, written with an upside-down pen. That makes sense. In short, these seven layers seem to be erratic, but in fact they are in good order, with a beginning and an end, vivid and vivid. Reciting is like an atmosphere package, and it is carefully structured when pondering. Without Li Bai's genius, this fantastic scene could not be colorful, and without Li Bai's courage, it is impossible to control this ingenious stroke. This is really the best poem of Li.
The final conclusion is only two layers. The first layer is the profound truth that the poet summed up after reading the world: "All flowing water will always flow eastward." Although it contains negative meaning, it is a lesson that reality has taught him. The second layer is narrative. It is precisely because powerful people are in North Korea that everything is completely wrong. I will never be attached to rich and powerful people. I will be humiliated and demoralized. "Destroying eyebrows" and "raising eyebrows" are dual words with accurate words. The poetic style has returned to the seven ancient orthography, which is consistent with the writing before falling asleep at the beginning (there is a single sentence "Ride to you, Dashan, when I need you" in it, indicating a firm tone; The sentence "An Neng" is nine words, which makes more sense. In this way, the dream in the middle makes readers feel different because of the different words made with pens, which means that thought and art are unified to a great extent.