Ming Dynasty (1368 to 1644)
Wan Guifei
Wan Guifei, a famous concubine in the Ming Dynasty, was seventeen years older than the emperor, but she was the most favored concubine. lifetime. She controlled the harem and eliminated many concubines and their children, leaving the emperor with no heirs and royal disputes.
She was very rigorous in women's conduct, which greatly pleased Chengzu and Queen Xu. Chengzu was alienated by his second son, King Zhu Gaoxu of Han, and his third son, Zhao Yu and Zhu Gaosui. He wanted to replace the crown prince Zhu Gaochi many times, but he gave up because he liked Concubine Zhang.
Qin Liangyu
Qin Liangyu, a famous female general in the late Ming Dynasty.
Qin Liangyu (1574 or 1584-1648), courtesy name Zhensu, was a Tujia native of Zhongzhou (now Zhongxian County), Sichuan. He studied literature and martial arts from his father since he was a child. He was good at riding and shooting, versed in poetry and essays, and was resourceful. Later, he married Ma Qiancheng, a chieftain and Shili Xuanfu envoy. After her husband's death, she succeeded him. She sent her tribe to rescue Shenyang to fight against the Hou Jin Dynasty, and even personally led 3,000 elite soldiers north to guard Shanhaiguan.
When the Qing army entered the Pass and moved south, she persisted in resisting the Qing Dynasty and was named Crown Prince Taibao and Marquis of Zhongzhen by Emperor Longwu of the Southern Ming Dynasty. She became the only heroine in Chinese history whose official history ("Twenty-Five Histories") included a biography.
Du Shiniang
Du Shiniang (born in the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty) was originally named Du Yu. According to legend, she was a famous prostitute in Beijing at that time. When she was 19 years old, she met a college student from eastern Zhejiang. Li Jia paid for his own money to redeem his life, and followed Li Jia back home with a huge sum of money. On the way, he was betrayed by Li Jia, who threw the treasures in his treasure box into the river and died in the river.
Liu Rushi
Liu Rushi (1618-1664), whose ancestral home is Wujiang (now Jiangsu), whose surname is Yang and whose given name is Ai, has been wandering since childhood. He was once a famous " One of the "Eight Beauties of Qinhuai".
In 1641, she married Qian Qianyi, a bachelor. In her later years, she promoted Qian Qianyi to join the struggle against the Qing Dynasty. She was called a "female heroine" by later historians.
Liu Rushi has a smart daughter's heart, and her poems are naturally different from male creations, such as "Nanxiangzi? Falling Flowers":
Brushing off the falling rain, she is sad and wandering All the spring breeze. The situation is that of Yingyingweiyuan, which is very sad. There is another person like you.
There is no way to go, just a little bit of fragrance in the clear dream. If you are too sentimental to kill, you can't stay, so fly away. May he be less wise and thoughtful.
In addition to expressing the pursuit and yearning for love in poems, showing pure and passionate feelings, it also shows a patriotic feeling that is not inferior to that of men. Paying close attention to the situation at that time, her vision has already transcended the narrow circle of personal life. Related works are as follows:
"The song of Fu Feng is making people feel cold, and the roaring waves of April are touching it."
The summer clothes are bent to the left from the white horse, and the cymbals and songs are clearer than the music.
How easy it is to hide a thousand gold coins, and how difficult it is to join the army with just a piece of paper.
I want to explore the dragon's sting in Xingyang, but my ambition is waning.
Due to her unique life experience, personality, and talent, Liu Rushi’s works draw on the strengths of others. The independent personality beauty, broad feelings of family and country, and equal and timeless love concepts shown in her poems are also It is by no means comparable to the creations of ordinary lady poets.
The Hakka family
The Hakka family (late Ming Dynasty), a native of Hebei, at the age of eighteen, became the wet nurse of Zhu Youxiao, the future Emperor Xizong of the Ming Dynasty. After Xizong ascended the throne, he was granted the title of guest The Hakka family name is the "Fengsheng Lady". Relying on the favor of Xizong, the Hakka family cooperated with Wei Zhongxian to control the emperor and controlled the government for more than ten years, accelerating the decline of the Ming Dynasty.
Chen Yuanyuan
Portrait of Chen Yuanyuan, selected from "Illustrated Dictionary of Qing History·Shunzhi Dynasty".
Chen Yuanyuan (1623-1695) was born in Wujin, Changzhou (now part of Jiangsu Province). His original surname was Xing, his given name was Yuan, and his courtesy name was Yuanyuan. She was originally a Suzhou singing girl and one of the "Eight Beauties of Qinhuai". Later, he wandered around Wu Sangui, Li Zicheng and other influential figures at the time. In his later years, he became a Taoist priest in Kunming. It is said that Wu Sangui surrendered to the Manchu Qing Dynasty because of her, so there is a widely circulated poem about "a crowning prince and a rage turning into a beauty".
Wu Meicun, a poet in the late Ming Dynasty and early Qing Dynasty, praised Chen Yuanyuan’s beauty through his long narrative poem "Yuanyuanqu", saying that her predecessor should be Xishi: the family's hometown is in Huanhuali, Gusu, and the round characters are Jiaoluoqi. I dreamed of traveling to Fu Chai's garden, and the palace ladies rushed in to see the king. Her predecessor was a lotus picker, and there was a pool of water in front of her door...
Lu Ciyun, a scholar during the Kangxi period, praised her in "The Biography of Chen Yuanyuan": "Her voice is the best in the world, and her color is the best in the world." "
Dong Xiaowan
Portrait of Dong Xiaowan.
Dong Xiaowan (1624-1651), named Bai and Qinglian, was from Jinling. He was one of the "Eight Beauties of Qinhuai" and was affiliated to Sileji, Nanjing Jiaofang. In 1639, he got acquainted with a famous scholar from Fushe who ventured to explore the territory. After the fall of the Ming Dynasty, Xiaowan fled with Mao's family. From then on, he shared the joys and sorrows with Mao Pijiang until his death. There are also misinformation in the world that Dong Xiaowan and Emperor Shunzhi's favorite concubine Dong Efei are actually the same person, which led to Shunzhi becoming a monk.
There are many stories about Dong Xiaowan’s deeds, including her love story with Mao Pijiang.
As well as her high talent, her poems are still read by future generations. Dong Xiaowan is not only talented and beautiful, but also has a clever mind. It is said that "Qinhuai Dongtang" and "Chazao Rice" were both made by Dong Xiaowan. Today, Dongtang has a history of more than 350 years and is still a well-known food in Suzhou and is deeply loved by diners.
"Green Window Occasionally Formed" is one of Dong Xiaowan's representative poems. "When I am sick, I see the flowers, I am deeply saddened, and I sit alone by a quiet window playing the Yao Qin. The oriole also seems to know people's thoughts, and it always makes good music outside the willow." This poem depicts Dong Xiaowan's inner activities, that is, his loneliness and loneliness. Dong Xiaowan is not only able to compose poems, but also has her own opinions in writing lyrics. She once wrote, "The pine path is dyed with red clouds, and the secluded valleys are filled with white clouds." This poem just reflects Dong Xiaowan's leisurely mood.
Li Xiangjun
Li Xiangjun was the adopted daughter of Li Zhenli, a famous prostitute on the Qinzhun River in Nanjing in the late Ming Dynasty. She was originally a Qinhuai singing girl. Li Xiangjun's oppressed and humiliated status made her wary of the dark forces in the ruling class. When she learned about Ruan Dacheng's conspiracy to bribe Hou Fangyu, she righteously scolded Hou Fangyu for his wavering. She is the most glorious image of a woman on the Chinese opera stage. one.
She is also the heroine in Kong Shangren's "The Peach Blossom Fan". "The Peach Blossom Fan" uses Hou Chaozong's reaction when he first met Xiangjun to highlight Xiangjun's face: Chaozong looked up and saw him. Jiaojiao Didi is only fifteen or sixteen years old, but her appearance is as good as that of a wild goose, and her appearance is shameful. Then I didn't realize that my soul was flying into the sky, and I couldn't take my eyes away...
Qing Dynasty: 1636 to 1911
Empress Xiaozhuang
Empress Xiaozhuang, named Bumubutai , was born into a prominent family in the Horqin tribe of Mongolia. Later, as the niece of Empress Xiaoduanwen, she became the concubine of Huang Taiji, Emperor Taizong of the Qing Dynasty, and the biological mother of Emperor Shunzhi.
The intelligent Empress Dowager Xiaozhuang has a good handle on political affairs. However, although she has outstanding talents, she is not obsessed with power. She has repeatedly guided the young Kangxi and provided him with strategies, but she has never overstepped her authority and laid down the foundation for the Qing Empire. Base. She is a very important and popular figure in the history of the Qing Dynasty.
Xiang Fei
Xiang Fei (1734-1788), *** people call her "Ipar Khan", her original name is Mamoulizim, she has been She had a strange fragrance and was named Xiangfei by Qianlong. Xiang Fei is a character that cannot be ignored when reading folk country literature or watching dramas.
Lu Siniang
Lu Siniang (born during the Yongzheng period of the Qing Dynasty) was a native of Jiaxing, Zhejiang, and the granddaughter of Lu Liuliang, a great scholar in the late Ming Dynasty. After the Lu family was implicated in the Literary Prison, Lu Siniang stayed anonymous and studied martial arts hard, becoming a strange person in the early Qing Dynasty.
Regarding the enduring legend of Lu Siniang, although there are many versions of the plot in the notebook novels of the late Qing Dynasty, two points remain constant. One is that Lu Siniang’s life experience is positioned as a descendant of Lu Liuliang, and the other is the ending of the story. It is believed that Emperor Yongzheng was killed by Lu Siniang. According to legend, she sneaked into the Old Summer Palace in 1735 and stabbed Emperor Yongzheng to death.
Wang Conger
Wang Conger (1777-1798), a native of Xiangyang, Hubei (now Xiangfan City), was born as a Jianghu artist. At first, Wang Conger joined the White Lotus Sect because of Qi Lin's introduction. When Qi Lin became the leader of the White Lotus Sect in Xiangyang, the two like-minded people got married and planned anti-Qing activities together.
In the second year of Jiaqing (1797 AD), Wang Conger, who was only in his early twenties, led the rebel army from Hubei to Sichuan to join forces with the local rebel army. The largest army consisted of about 140,000 to 50,000 people. , quite amazing. At that time, Wang Conner was recommended as the commander-in-chief of the Eighth Route Army. Such a young woman was able to command such a large-scale rebel army. It can be seen that Wang Conner was indeed brave and resourceful, and she was really a woman who could not be outdone by men.
Wang Conger, who launched an uprising in the early years of Jiaqing in the Qing Dynasty, is the most famous heroine of peasant uprisings in Chinese history! This uprising was so large that it took the Qing government nine years to successfully suppress it. However, the Qing court, whose vitality was severely damaged, also gradually declined.
Gu Taiqing
Gu Taiqing is extremely talented, and his lyrics can compete with Nalan Xingde.
Gu Taiqing (1799-1876), whose name was Chun, also named Meixian, and whose surname was Xilin Jueluo, was from the Xianglan Banner of Manchuria. He married Yi Hui, the great-grandson of Qianlong, as the side of Fujin Dynasty, and reported to the family as "Gu "surname. After the marriage, the couple sang together, so they named themselves Taiqing and became famous as Gu Taiqing.
Gu Taiqing was extremely talented, handsome, of moderate stature, gentle and virtuous. Ling Yihui is very fond of him. Although he was a side Fujin, he gave birth to four sons and three daughters, several of whom made great achievements.
Gu Taiqing is recognized by the modern literary circle as "the first female poet in the Qing Dynasty". She once formed the Qiuhong Yin Club with talented Manchu and Han women in the capital at that time, and jointly recited poems, leaving a mark in the history of Chinese women's literature. A beautiful scenery. In her later years, she wrote the novel "A Dream of Red Mansions" under the name "Yuncha Waishi" and became the first female novelist in the history of Chinese novels. His literary talent and insight are extraordinary, and his lyrics are comparable to Nalan Xingde, "the first poet in the early days of the Republic of China". Therefore, there is a saying in "Eight Banners Theory" that "men are more mature and graceful, and women are too pure and springy".
During the Daoguang period of the Qing Dynasty, the "Lilac Gongan" between Gu Taiqing and Gong Ziqing was still causing a stir, and it is still It is a legend with many versions.
Empress Dowager Cixi
Empress Dowager Cixi was Yehenara (1836-1908), whose nickname was Lan'er. She was the daughter of Huizheng, Daotaitai, Guangtai Road, Ningchi, Hui, Anhui. After Emperor Tongzhi succeeded to the throne in 1861, he was revered as the Queen Mother as his biological mother. She listened to politics twice behind the curtain and became the actual ruler of China during the Tongzhi and Guangxu dynasties at the end of the Qing Dynasty. She ruled China for 48 years.
Feng Wanzhen
Feng Wanzhen (during the Xianfeng period of the Qing Dynasty) was a native of Xiezhuang, Beijing, and her ancestral home was Shandong. After the British and French invaders occupied Beijing in 1860, they plundered everywhere. Nineteen-year-old Feng Wanzhen, together with her father Feng Sanbao, led the militia to defeat the British and French troops and protect the lives and property of the people of Xiezhuang.
Hong Xuanjiao
Hong Xuanjiao, the sworn sister of Hong Xiuquan (the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom). She married Xiao Chaogui in 1805, who was also the later King of the West. One of the most famous among the many heroines of the Qing Dynasty was Hong Xuanjiao. She was a military attache of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom. Zeng Guofan once called the female soldiers he led as big-footed barbarians. . The Taiping Rebellion ended in 1864, but Hong Xuanjiao's whereabouts were unknown, and no one knew her fate.
Sai Jinhua
Sai Jinhua crosses the collar robe statue. (The above are all online pictures)
Sai Jinhua (1872-1936), who served as the wife of an envoy to four European countries, was a legendary courtesan who lived in China in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. . She has multiple names: her maiden name is Zhao Lingfei, her nickname is Zhao Caiyun, her name is Fu Caiyun, her name is Hong Mengluan, her name is Cao Menglan, her nickname is Fu Caiyun, and her nickname is Wei Zhao Lingfei.
Taoranting has three stone carvings describing the life of Sai Jinhua: Caiyun Tu, Qian Caiyun Qu and Caiyun Hou Qu. In addition, the famous calligrapher and painter Zhang Daqian also painted a portrait of Sai Jinhua, "Colorful Clouds". Fan Zengxiang, a writer in the Qing Dynasty, also wrote long poems "Caiyun Qu in the Front" and "Caiyun in the Back Song" for Sai Jinhua. Her legendary life has been depicted in many film and television works and literary works.
Qiu Jin
Qiu Jin (1877-1907), female, originally named Qiu Guijin, with the courtesy name Xuqing, later changed her name to Jingxiong, also known as Jianhu Heroine, her ancestral home is Zhejiang Shanyin (now Shaoxing City), was born in Xiamen, Fujian Province. He is a heroic person, studies literature and martial arts, and likes to wear men's clothing. In 1904, she traveled to Japan to study at her own expense. After that, she actively participated in revolutionary activities and promoted women's liberation. In 1907, she was arrested and executed for participating in the anti-Qing revolution.