full text
On the east coast, climb Jieshi Mountain to see the vast sea.
The sea is so vast that the islands stand high on the sea.
Trees and paraquat are very lush. Autumn wind makes trees make sad sounds, and the sea is surging.
The movement of the sun and the moon seems to come from the vast ocean.
Journey to the sun and the moon, if you go out.
Han is a talented star, if you take him by surprise.
Fortunately, even! Sing with ambition.
To annotate ...
Jie
1 Jieshi: the name of the mountain. There are two kinds of Jieshi Mountain, which refers to Dajieshi Mountain at this time. One word refers to Jieshi Mountain in Changli County, Hebei Province.
pellet
② Lian: The water waves are swaying.
native place
(3) stand tall.
4 xinghan: galaxy.
[background]
Looking at the Sea is a famous work of Cao Cao, which was written when he was wooing Wu Huan. In 207 AD, Cao Cao led an army to the north to hunt down the remnants of Yuan Shao, swore the Northern Expedition in May, and left Lulong Village in July to face Jieshi Mountain. He climbed the mountain and looked at the sea. Facing the surging sea, he wrote this magnificent poem.
Looking at the sea gives the poet deep feelings, through which we can see the poet's own soul. Cao Cao climbed Jieshi Mountain on the way to the northern expedition to Wuhuan this time. Wuhuan was a great disaster in Northeast China at that time. In the 11th year of Jian 'an (AD 206), Wu Huan conquered Youzhou and captured more than 100,000 Han people. In the same year, Yuan Shang and Yuan, the sons of Yuan Shao, colluded with Ta Dun, the leader of Wuhuan in western Liaoning, and repeatedly harassed the border, which forced Cao Cao to resolutely conquer Wuhuan in the 12th year of Jian 'an. In the great war in August this year, Cao Cao finally won a decisive victory. This victory consolidated Cao Cao's rear area, enabling him to March south in the following year to realize his ambition of reunifying China. Linking the events before and after, we can see how important a war Cao Cao's northern expedition to Wu Huan was. And "Looking at the Sea" was written when I passed Jieshi Mountain on my way to northern expedition to Wuhuan. Before the war, Cao Cao boarded Jieshi as a commander-in-chief, which was also visited by many emperors and Hanwu, and when the autumn wind was bleak, his mood would be as difficult to calm as the sea. He put his high-spirited spirit into the poem and expressed it through the image of the sea, which made this poem have a vigorous and vigorous style and become a masterpiece.
Works like watching the sea.
"Fortunately, Lian, the song is to be sung." This is a group of words in the chorus, which has nothing to do with the content of the poem and needs no elaboration.
[Function]
Literally, the sea, mountain islands, vegetation, autumn wind, and even the sun, moon and stars are all immediate scenery. This poem describing natural scenery seems to have never been written by Cao Cao in the history of China literature. It not only describes the whole landscape, but also has its own style. It is the earliest masterpiece of landscape poetry in China, especially loved by literary historians. This poem, written on the autumn sea, can wash away the sentimental sentiment of sad autumn and is vigorous and magnificent, which is closely related to Cao Cao's tolerance, personality and even aesthetic taste.
In this poem, scenery and emotion are closely combined. By writing about the sea, the author expressed his ambition to unify China and make contributions. But this kind of feeling is not directly revealed in the poem, but contained in the description of the scenery, which contains feelings. Every sentence is about the scenery and every sentence is lyrical. Although the six sentences in "What's Water" are depicting the vibrant sea scenery, they are actually praising the magnificent mountains and rivers of the motherland and revealing the author's feelings of loving the motherland. Seeing the magnificent scenery of the motherland's mountains and rivers aroused the poet's strong desire to unify the motherland. So with the help of rich imagination, to fully express this desire. The author compares himself to the sea and expresses the poet's broad mind and heroism by writing about the momentum of the sea devouring the universe. His feelings are unrestrained but subtle. Sun and Moon is the climax of landscape writing and the author's emotional development. Poets in the Song Dynasty said that Cao's poems were "as full of vitality as veteran Yan". The poem "Looking at the Sea" has a broad artistic conception and is magnificent, which conforms to the demeanor of an aspiring politician and strategist. Reading its poems really makes people feel like people.
In the 12th year of Jian 'an (207), Cao Cao led an army to conquer Wuhuan, which was a great disaster in Northeast China at that time. This is an important war in Cao Cao's great cause of reunifying the north. On the way to the expedition, I wrote the Yuefu poem "Out of Xiamen" (belonging to "Harmony Song, Sediao Song"). This group of poems consists of five parts, starting with the word "Yan", that is, preface poems. The following articles are named after poems, namely Watching the Sea, Winter in October, He (also known as Different Land) and Guifengshou. From the perspective of music melody, the five parts are a whole, and from the perspective of lyrics, the four parts can be independent.
Seeing the Sea was written in September this year, and Cao Cao climbed Jieshi Mountain on his way to the victory class in Wuhuan. This four-character poem depicts the magnificence of the motherland's rivers and mountains through the natural scenery that the poet saw when he climbed to the sea. It not only depicts the moving images of mountains and seas, but also expresses the heroic and optimistic enterprising spirit of the poet. It is a masterpiece describing natural scenery in Jian 'an period and one of the earliest representative works of China's classical landscape poems. In the first two sentences, "Jieshi looks at the sea in the east", the poet came to the foot of Jieshi Mountain and climbed to see the sea during the Northern Expedition. Jieshi Mountain was originally located in the southwest of Laoting County in Hebei Province (northwest of Changli County in Hebei Province). The Han Dynasty was still on land, facing the Bohai Sea. Due to the geological changes in the Six Dynasties, it sank into the sea. When the poet climbed Jieshi Mountain and looked down at the sea, he saw: "Where is the water, where are the mountains and islands?" . Even, the water waves are not exciting. The towering appearance of the island. When the poet climbs the mountain, what he can see is the endless sea, and the islands in the sea stand tall. What a spectacular sight it is! In history, both Qin Shihuang and Han Wudi visited here, carving stones and watching the sea. Now, the poet stands in the place where Qin Huang and Hanwu traveled, commanding, looking at the vast sea and towering islands in the sea, thinking that the Central Plains region has been pacified, the northern expedition to Wuhuan has also won a decisive victory, and the reunification of the north is about to be realized. How excited he is! At this time, the poet's eyes were fixed on the island at sea, and in front of him was a vibrant scene: "There are more trees and more grass. The autumn wind is bleak, and Hongbo surges. " The trees are covered with grass, and they grow very luxuriantly. A bleak autumn wind blew and the sea was rough. Although the bleak autumn wind gives people a feeling of sadness and killing, the vigorous grass shows its heroic nature; Hongbo is surging, and the more you see it! This is a true description of the natural environment and a concrete portrayal of the poet's subjective feelings. After winning a series of wars, Cao Cao felt that his great achievements were as full of vitality as flowers and trees, and also full of vitality for the surging sea. Below, the poet developed a rich imagination and further described the magnificent spirit and broad mind of the sea embracing the sun and the moon. "The trip to the sun and the moon, if unexpected; Xinghan is brilliant, if it is unexpected. " The movement of the sun and the moon seems to linger in the embrace of the sea, and the brilliant Milky Way stars seem to be wrapped in the belly of the mother sea. Look, this is the spirit of the sea, the mind of the sea. It's spectacular, it's spectacular.
The poem Looking at the Sea is full of scenery, in which there are no words to express feelings directly, but reading the whole poem can still make people feel the feelings deeply entrusted by the poet. Through the poet's vivid description of stormy waves, we seem to see Cao Cao's great ambition and grand mind of forging ahead and unifying the whole country, and touch the flow of his thoughts and feelings in a typical environment as a poet, politician and strategist. The whole poem is simple in language, rich in imagination, magnificent, desolate and tragic, which has been greatly appreciated by readers of all ages. Shen Deqian commented that this poem "has a cosmic flavor" in "The Origin of Ancient Poetry". This is very accurate.
Cao Cao (155-220): Wei Wudi. Politicians, militarists and poets in the Three Kingdoms period. Meng De, nicknamed Ayun, was born in Qiao County (now Bozhou City, Anhui Province).
At first, Lian Xiao was appointed as the Northern Commandant of Luoyang and moved to Dun. Later, in the suppression of the Yellow Scarf Uprising and the war against Zhizhuo, the military strength gradually expanded. In the third year of Chuping (A.D. 192), he belonged to Qingzhou Yellow Scarf Army, and was lured by Zhou Mu's division, so he was made into "Qingzhou Soldiers". The first year of Jian 'an (196), Xu, Xian Di (now Xuchang, Henan). From then on, he gave orders in his name and successively leveled the separatist forces such as Lu Bu. After the battle of Guandu defeated Yuan Shao, a separatist force in Hebei, the northern part of China was gradually unified. In the 13th year of Jian 'an, he ascended the position of Prime Minister, led his troops south, and was defeated by Sun Quan and Liu Bei in Chibi. Feng Wang Wei. His son Cao Pi proclaimed himself emperor and made him Emperor Wu.
He reclaimed land and built water conservancy projects in the north, which solved the problem of insufficient rations and played a certain role in the recovery of agricultural production. Employ talents, attract the middle and lower classes of the landlord class, restrain the strongmen and strengthen centralization. The social economy of the ruling area has been restored and developed. The method of selecting a good soldier is written by Sun Tzu's Brief Explanation of the Art of War, The Art of War and other books. Good poems, such as "A Journey in the Great Miles" and "Watching the Sea", express their political aspirations and reflect the miserable life of the people at the end of the Han Dynasty. They are magnificent, generous and sad. Prose is also neat. His works include The Collection of Wei Wudi, which has been lost and compiled by Ming people. There is a typesetting copy of Cao Caoji today. (Cihai 1989 edition).
For more than 30 years, Mao Yujun never gave up his books. The book talks about the art of war and thinks about classics at night. Climbing to the top must be given, and the strings of new poems make a movement. (Shu Wei)
Elegant and good poetry and calligraphy, although in the army, I can't put it down. Every time I decide to save, I calmly say: people who are less eager to learn will think professionally, and after a long time, they will forget; When I grow up, I can be a diligent scholar, just me and Yuan Boye. ("Dian Lun Zi Xu", the posthumous work of Yuan Boye, the younger brother of Yuan Shaocong. )
Cao Gong's old road is straight, and there is a sad saying. (Zhong Rong's Poems)
Go east and climb Jieshi Mountain to see the sea.
translate
Go east and climb Jieshi Mountain to see the sea.
How vast the sea is, and Jieshi Mountain stands tall by the sea.
There are many trees on Jieshi Mountain, and all kinds of grass grow luxuriantly.
The autumn wind is rustling and the waves on the sea are sky-high.
The movement of the sun and the moon seems to start from this vast ocean.
The Milky Way is dotted with stars, as if it were born in this vast ocean.
Very lucky. Use singing to express your thoughts and feelings.
The Writing Background of Looking at the Sea
Looking at the Sea is a famous work of Cao Cao, which was written when he was wooing Wu Huan. In 207 AD, Cao Cao led an army to the north to hunt down the remnants of Yuan Shao, swore the Northern Expedition in May, and left Lulong Village in July to face Jieshi Mountain. He climbed the mountain and looked at the sea. Facing the surging sea, he wrote this magnificent poem.
(Excerpted from Dong Desong's Poems with Pictures and Feelings and Analysis of Junior Middle School Chinese Texts, Volume II)
At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, warlords fought for the Central Plains, and Wuhuan, who lived in western Liaoning, was powerful, attacking cities and plundering land in the south, which became a serious border problem in Hebei. In the tenth year of Jian 'an (205), Cao Cao destroyed Yuan Shao's ruling foundation in Hebei, and Yuan Shao vomited blood and died. His sons, Yuan Tan and Yuan Shang, fled to Wuhuan and colluded with Wuhuan nobles many times. At that time, Cao Cao was in a disadvantageous position between the north and the south: Liu Biao and Liu Bei occupied Jingxiang in the south, and yuan brothers and Wuhuan in the north. In order to get rid of the passive situation, Cao Cao adopted the advice of Guo Jia, a counselor, and led his army northward in the summer of the twelfth year of Jian 'an, ending in May and July. In autumn, there was a flood, and the road by the sea was impassable. Later, he accepted Tian Chou's suggestion and changed his course flatly. After Xu Wushan, he went to the Cylon, pointing to Liucheng, and won the first world war. In September, he returned to Li smoothly, passing through Jieshi and other places, and wrote this group of famous poems by borrowing the old title of Yuefu's "Walking out of Xiamen". This poem describes the scenery around Heshuo, expresses personal ambition and embodies the heroic spirit of the poet.
As for Cao Cao's coming to Jieshi from the east, it was thought that it was when he was going to northern expedition to Wuhuan. In fact, this view does not conform to historical facts and is not credible. We looked up the records in the History of the Three Kingdoms, the Ji of Emperor Wudi and the Biography of Tian Chou. Cao Cao climbed Jieshi on his way home from the Northern Expedition to Wuhuan. Because he is in a flood, the road near the sea is impassable, so he has to take the path from Xuwushan to western Liaoning. "In September, the public led Liu Chenggui, and on the eleventh, it was easy to get water." He should "visit Jieshi" and "see the sea" in September or early October of this year. As for where Jieshi Mountain is today, there is still controversy in academic circles, either it sank into the sea in Laoting County, Hebei Province, or it was Jieshi Mountain in the north of Changli County, Hebei Province. In any case, when Cao Cao ascends the mountain, it should be a high stone mountain near the sea. "Jieshi is in the east, looking at the sea. The first two paragraphs point out the position of "watching the sea": the poet climbed to the top of Jieshi Mountain, high in the sea, with a wide view and a panoramic view of the sea. The following ten descriptions are almost all derived from this. " The water is full of water, and the mountains and islands are all scenery "is the general impression of seeing the sea at first, which is a bit like a thick line in the painting." ""Lian Lian "describes the vastness of the sea; "How, how, today's word" how "is a beautiful sigh. If you add beauty to the beauty, you can imagine the vastness of the sea. In this rippling sea, the first thing you see is the towering mountain islands, which are dotted on the flat and wide sea, making the sea look magical and spectacular. These two sentences roughly outline the prospect of the sea, which will be described in depth at different levels. " There are many trees and plenty of herbs. The operation of the sun and the moon seems to be from the vast ocean. "The first two sentences specifically describe the mountain island: although the autumn wind is bleak and the vegetation is withered, the trees on the island are lush and the grass is rich, giving people a sense of business. The last two sentences are about "What is water like? ":Look carefully, the sea in the bleak autumn wind is actually a huge wave, surging and undulating. Here, although it is a typical autumn environment, there is nothing bleak and desolate. In the history of China literature, due to the writer's world outlook, situation and other reasons, since Song Yu's "Nine Arguments" opened the first sound of sad autumn literature, how many poets and writers shed tears in the autumn wind, watching the fallen leaves, feeling hurt! Cao, on the other hand, faced the bleak autumn wind and wrote about the vastness of the sea: in the bleak autumn wind, the sea was surging and mighty; The mountain island is tall and straight, with lush vegetation and no fading and sentimental artistic conception. This new realm and new style just reflect his "martyr" mind.
Looking at the sea gives the poet deep feelings, through which we can see the poet's own soul. Cao Cao climbed Jieshi Mountain on the way to the northern expedition to Wuhuan this time. Wuhuan was a great disaster in Northeast China at that time. In the 11th year of Jian 'an (AD 206), Wu Huan conquered Youzhou and captured more than 100,000 Han people. In the same year, Yuan Shang and Yuan, the sons of Yuan Shao, colluded with Ta Dun, the leader of Wuhuan in western Liaoning, and repeatedly harassed the border, which forced Cao Cao to resolutely conquer Wuhuan in the 12th year of Jian 'an. In the great war in August this year, Cao Cao finally won a decisive victory. This victory consolidated Cao Cao's rear area, enabling him to March south in the following year to realize his ambition of reunifying China. Linking the events before and after, we can see how important a war Cao Cao's northern expedition to Wu Huan was. And "Looking at the Sea" was written when I passed Jieshi Mountain on my way to northern expedition to Wuhuan. Before the war, Cao Cao boarded Jieshi as a commander-in-chief, which was also visited by many emperors and Hanwu, and when the autumn wind was bleak, his mood would be as difficult to calm as the sea. He put his high-spirited spirit into the poem and expressed it through the image of the sea, which made this poem have a vigorous and vigorous style and become a masterpiece.
(Excerpted from Yuan Xingpei's Cao Cao's Poem "Watching the Sea", same as above)
Two sentences about "Jieshi sees the sea in the East"
(Yuan Xingpei)
"Jieshi looks at the sea in the east." The opening point explains the orientation, place and object of observation. Although these two sentences are not written directly to people, we seem to see Cao Cao's heroism in climbing mountains and looking at the sea. "Jieshi", according to the Records of Geography of Hanshu, was in the southwest of Licheng (now Laoting, Hebei Province) and sank into the sea during the Six Dynasties. The word "Guan" dominates the whole poem and is the clue of the whole poem. The following is what I saw and heard when I climbed the mountain according to the word "Guan".
The first two sentences started smoothly. "Jieshi looks at the sea in the east" means that he climbed Jieshi Mountain and looked down at the sea. The former Jieshi Mountain is in the southwest of Laoting County, Hebei Province, facing the Bohai Sea.
(Excerpted from Yuan Xingpei's Cao Cao's Poem "Watching the Sea", same as above)
Six sentences about "what is water"
"Where there is water, there are mountains and islands." It's about overlooking the sea from Jieshi Mountain. "Lian Lian" is to describe the swaying appearance of the sea; "What", here when "how". "How about water?" Describe the vastness of the sea, including surprise and praise, which is the first impression of just climbing the top of the mountain. "Ruzhi" is a towering appearance. The meaning of these two poems is: the vast sea is blue and boundless, and only the mountain island at the foot stands high in the center of the sea. As we all know, watching the sea, standing on the shore, sitting on the bow, or climbing to the top of the mountain, our feelings are very different. At this time, when Cao Cao stood on the mountain, the first thing he saw was the panoramic view of the sea. Therefore, he tried to exaggerate the boundless momentum of the sea, giving people a sense of firmness and stubbornness. The towering mountain island suddenly attracted the poet's attention, so he immediately wrote down the scenery on the island: "There are many trees and many herbs." There are thriving scenes everywhere, as if there is infinite life waiting for us to discover. "The autumn wind is bleak, and Hongbo surges." With the bleak wind, suddenly set off a huge wave, people feel amazing a little too late! But when we turned our eyes to the surging waves, the poet stopped describing them.
(Excerpted from Yuan Xingpei's Cao Cao's Poem "Watching the Sea", same as above)
The six sentences "water" are written in front of the sea. There are only two sentences about the sea. Although there are not many words, the author focuses on the morphological changes of the sea, draws a big outline and writes out the characteristics of the sea. "How about water?" It's about the rough waves of the sea when there is no wind. When there is a strong wind at sea, it will immediately set off an uproar. "Hongbo surges" vividly shows the majestic momentum of the sea in just four words. The word "Yong" is used very well. From this description, we not only see the shape of the sea surging into the sky, but also seem to hear the sound of stormy waves lapping on the shore. Although the author wrote about the sea, he didn't just write about it. If you only write about the boundless and choppy sea water, even if it is well written, it will give people a sense of silence. Therefore, when describing the sea, the author inserted the mountain island vegetation to touch it. With the brushwork of mountain island vegetation, the sea is written with vigor and prosperity, which makes people feel that the sea is not only vast and magnificent, but also beautiful. Let's try to recite these sentences together, and we can appreciate the charm: the vast sea, undulating waves, flapping the coast, towering mountains and islands, lush vegetation swaying in the bleak autumn wind, what a magnificent artistic conception and what a beautiful picture!
(Excerpted from Dong Desong's Poems and Paintings Love, ditto)
Four sentences about "the journey between the sun and the moon"
In the face of this charming sea scenery, the author launched a rich and strange imagination. "The trip to the sun and the moon, if unexpected; Xinghan is brilliant, if it is unexpected. " The sun, the moon and the Milky Way, which keep running, are all contained in this sea. How energetic! These four sentences are the climax of the whole poem, and the author uses exaggerated expression techniques to create an extremely open artistic conception, which adds a positive romantic color to the whole poem. Although highly exaggerated, the author still firmly grasps the majestic characteristics of the sea to write, and exaggeration is reasonable.
(Excerpted from Dong Desong's Poems and Paintings Love, ditto)
The poet's rich imagination has brought us to a more magnificent realm: "If the journey of the sun and the moon comes out from this; Xinghan is brilliant, if you take it by surprise. "This word 16 depicts the vastness of the sea and writes a magnificent style of embracing the sun, the moon and the pregnant stars. The sky is connected with water, and the water is connected with the sky, which is boundless. It's really spectacular. " Xinghan is the Milky Way in the sky. The meaning of these four poems is: the sun and the moon rise in the east every day, go around once, and then set to the west, as if rising from the sea and falling into the sea. The starry galaxy is oblique in the sky, and its far end is perpendicular to the sea, as if it originated from the sea. The sun, the moon and the milky way are the most brilliant and greatest images in nature, but the poet feels that their operation is still inseparable from the embrace of the sea, which is like the mother of the sun, the moon and the stars. This broad realm is rare in ancient poetry.
(Excerpted from Yuan Xingpei's Cao Cao's Poem "Watching the Sea", same as above)
Characteristics of scene blending in sea viewing
In this poem, scenery and emotion are closely combined. Facts have shown that the author expressed his ambition to unify China and make contributions by writing about the sea. This feeling is not directly revealed in the poem, but contained in the description of the scenery. This lyric way is different from many lyric ways of writing landscape poems in ancient times. Many lyric poems describing scenery in ancient times were divided into scenes, or they focused on the scenery above and the emotion below. For example, in Jing Ke's Yi Shui Ge, the sentence "The wind is rustling, Shui Han" focuses on Feng Shui; The next sentence "A strong man will never return" describes the feeling that a strong man will die. For example, Du Fu's "The Story of Climbing Yueyang Tower", the first part of "With Wu in my east and Chu in the south, we can see the endless drifting of heaven and earth", which focuses on scenery and is also very ambitious; The bottom line is "but there is no news from relatives or friends, I am old and sick, alone with my boat", and the focus is on love writing. Looking at the Sea contains feelings in the scenery and feelings in the scenery. The words in Looking at the Sea are full of passion. Although the six sentences in "What's Water" are depicting the vibrant sea scenery, they are actually praising the magnificent mountains and rivers of the motherland and revealing the author's feelings of loving the motherland. Seeing the magnificent scenery of the motherland's mountains and rivers aroused the poet's strong desire to unify the motherland. So with the help of rich imagination, to fully express this desire. The author compares himself to the sea and expresses the poet's broad mind and heroism by writing about the momentum of the sea devouring the universe. His feelings are unrestrained but subtle. Sun and Moon is the climax of landscape writing and the author's emotional development. Poets in the Song Dynasty said that Cao's poems were "as full of vitality as veteran Yan". The poem "Looking at the Sea" has a broad artistic conception and is magnificent, which conforms to the demeanor of an aspiring politician and strategist. Reading its poems really makes people feel like people.
(Excerpted from Dong Desong's Poems and Paintings Love, ditto)
Cao Cao's Looking at the Sea accurately and vividly depicts the image of the ocean, which is simple and full, rich but not trivial, like a thick charcoal brush stroke. What is particularly commendable is that this poem not only reflects the image of the ocean, but also gives it character. Every sentence is a scene, and every sentence is lyric. It shows the sea and the poet himself. The poet is not satisfied with imitating the shape of the ocean, but tries to express the gestation and turbulent character of the ocean through images. The lifeless sea has a personality in the poet's works. Only in this way can we reflect the face of the sea more truly and profoundly.
(Excerpted from Yuan Xingpei's Cao Cao's Poem "Watching the Sea", same as above)
"Looking at the Sea" is a lyric poem, which skillfully combines the seascape in front of me with my own ambition. The climax of watching the sea is at the end of the poem. Its feelings are unrestrained, but its thoughts are subtle. Not only the scene blends, but also the combination of reason and reason. Because it is implicit, it is more enlightening, more stimulating to our imagination and more intriguing. In the past, people praised Cao Cao's poems as deep, full and vigorous, such as "You Yan veteran, charm still exists", which can be confirmed from here.
job responsibility
Time: Wei at the end of Eastern Han Dynasty
Author: Cao Cao
Works: Looking at the sea
Content:
On the east coast, climb Jieshi Mountain to see the vast sea.
The sea is so vast that the islands stand high on the sea.
Trees and paraquat are very lush. Autumn wind makes trees make sad sounds, and the sea is surging.
The movement of the sun and the moon seems to come from the vast ocean.
A trip to the sun and the moon, if unexpected;
Han is a talented star, if you take him by surprise.
I am glad to use this poem to express my inner desire.
Annotation of works
Precautions:
Walking out of Xiamen, also known as Longxi West, belongs to Xiangruge tonal tune of ancient Yuefu. Xiamen
It turned out to be the gate at the western end of Luoyang city. The Han Dynasty was called Xiamen, and the Wei and Jin Dynasties was called Great Xiamen. As the old saying goes, only "people are changeable in the city, and thousands of miles are easy."
Years old tomb flat "two sentences (see" Selected Works of Shan Li "note). In Yuefu Poems, there is also an ancient poem, "Evil Passing through an Empty Lodge".
Write immortal revelations. Cao Cao's article, "Daqu" in "Records of Le Shu in Song Dynasty", is entitled "Jieshi steps out of Xiamen".
All right. Judging from the content of the poem, it has nothing to do with the meaning of the topic, so it can be seen that it is just writing current affairs through ancient inscriptions. This poem is based on
The word "Yan" (overture) is divided into four interpretations (chapters): watching the sea, winter in October, strange land and being a turtle is a longevity.
For example, in the twelfth year of Jian 'an (207), Wu Huan won the Northern Expedition and returned to Li.
At the end of Han Le, warlords fought for the Central Plains, and the Five Rings living in western Liaoning became strong, and they went south.
Attacking the city and plundering the land has become a serious border problem in Hebei. In the tenth year of Jian 'an (205), Cao Cao destroyed Yuan Shao in Hebei.
Yuan Shao died of vomiting blood, and his sons, Yuan Tan and Yuan Shang, fled to Wuhuan, collaborating with Wuhuan nobles for many times.
Hurt. At that time, Cao Cao was in a disadvantageous position between the north and the south: Liu Biao and Liu Bei were entrenched in Jingxiang in the south, and the Yuan brothers were in the north.
Brother and Wu Huan. In order to get rid of the passive situation, Cao Cao took the advice of Guo Jia, a counselor, and led his troops north in the summer of the twelfth year of Jian 'an.
Sign, may to endless, autumn and July, there was a flood, and the road by the sea was impassable. After accepting Tian Chou's suggestion, he resolutely diverted.
Xu Wushan, out of the dragon plug, directed at Liucheng, won the first world war. In September, he returned to Li smoothly, passing through Jieshi and other places for fun.
Fu wrote this group of famous poems with the theme of "Walking out of Xiamen". This poem describes the scenery around Heshuo and expresses.
Personal ambition embodies the heroic spirit of the poet who is ambitious and omnipotent.
Regarding the Jieshi from Cao Cao, it used to be thought that it was a matter of northern expedition to Wuhuan. In fact, this view is inconsistent with historical facts.
Inconsistent, unbelievable. We use the History of the Three Kingdoms, the Ji of Emperor Wudi and the Biography of Tian Chou to check Cao Cao.
At that time, he boarded Jieshi on his way home from the Northern Expedition in Wuhuan. Because there was a flood when he went there, the road by the sea was impassable, so he had to
Take the road of Xu Wushan and go to western Liaoning. "In September, the public quoted from Liucheng, and ... eleven have arrived in Yishui",
He should "visit Jieshi" and "see the sea" in September or early October of this year (2007). As for the position of Jieshi Mountain today,
At present, there is still controversy in the academic circles, or that the mountain in Laoting County, Hebei Province sank into the sea, or that it really happened.
It is now Jieshi Mountain in the north of Changli County, Hebei Province. Anyway, when Cao Cao climbs the mountain, it should be higher near the sea.
Stone mountain.
"Jieshi is in the east, looking at the sea. Where there is water, there are mountains and islands. The first two paragraphs show the position of "looking at the sea"
The poet climbed to the top of Jieshi Mountain, high in the sea, with a wide field of vision and a panoramic view of the magnificent sea. The following ten items
Sentence description, almost from this. "What is water, what is a mountain island" is the overall impression of looking at the sea, a little
Like thick lines in painting. "Lian Lian" describes the vast sea surface; "What", why, the word "more.
Yao "is a beautiful word. If you add beauty to the beauty, you can imagine the vastness of the sea. exist
In this rippling sea, the first thing you see is the towering mountain islands, dotted with flat widths.
On the sea, it makes the sea look magical and spectacular. These two sentences roughly outline the prospect of the sea, and the following are layered.
Describe in depth
"There are many trees and plenty of herbs. The autumn wind is bleak, and Hongbo surges. " The first two sentences are dedicated to this famous mountain island:
Although the autumn wind is bleak and the vegetation is withered, the island is lush with trees and rich in herbs, which brings people a lot of business.
The feeling. The last two sentences are further descriptions of the sentence "What is water?". Look carefully, in the bleak autumn wind.
The sea is actually a huge wave, surging and undulating. Although it is a typical autumn environment here, it is not bleak at all.
Sad autumn mood. In the history of China literature, due to the writer's world outlook and situation, since Song Yu's nine debates,
After the tragic autumn literature began, many poets and writers shed tears in the autumn wind and felt hurt when they saw the fallen leaves! In that way
Cao, however, faced the bleak autumn wind and wrote about the vastness of the sea: in the bleak autumn wind, the sea surged,
The vast sky; The mountain island is tall and straight, with lush vegetation and no fading and sentimental artistic conception. This new field,
The new style reflects his "martyr" thought, which is "conservative and ambitious".
"The trip to the sun and the moon, if unexpected; Xinghan is brilliant, if it is unexpected. " The previous description is from the plane of the sea.
Observe that these four sentences are related to the world, meaning that the momentum and strength of the sea are entrusted.
Now in front of readers: the vast sea is connected with the sky, and the air is turbid; In front of this magnificent sea, the sun, the moon, the stars,
Korea (galaxy) is very small, and their operation seems to be freely absorbed by the sea. The poet describes it here.
The sea is not only a real scene, but also an imagination and exaggeration, showing the grandeur of the universe.
In meteorology, there is a tendency that "the five mountains start from the square inch". This kind of "cage-covered breathing weather" is the poet's "eyes" and "
The artistic realm formed by the blending of feelings in the chest. (See Zhong Xing's comment on the return of ancient poems) If you speak from the heart,
The poet has no grand political ambition, no ambition to make achievements, and no optimism full of confidence in the future.
Tolerance, that is no matter how to write such a magnificent poem. Some people used to say that Cao Cao's poems were "a bully".
(in) refers to the domineering works such as "Looking at the Sea", which is of course a sneer, but if
If "domineering" is understood as the ambition to unify China, then this kind of artistic appreciation is still desirable.
"Fortunately, Lian, the song is to be sung." This is a cliche in the chorus, which has nothing to do with the content of the poem, so it is unnecessary to elaborate.
Yes
Literally, the poem Looking at the Sea is full of sea water, mountain islands, vegetation, autumn wind and even the sun, moon and stars.
Is the immediate scenery, so in the history of China literature, Cao Cao seems to have never written a poem describing natural scenery.
It is not only a full-length landscape description, but also unique. It is the earliest masterpiece of China's landscape poems, especially the literary historian.
Love. It is worth pointing out that the objective natural scenery reflected in the poet's mind must be subjectively filtered by the poet.
-Understand, integrate, select and emphasize, and then form artistic products. This product is not only objective.
Reflection is also the condensation of the poet's subjective spirit. This poem, written in the autumn sea, can wash away the sad mood of autumn.
The vigorous and magnificent style of writing is closely related to Cao Cao's bearing, personality and even aesthetic taste.
So, even pure landscape works. Because works, even pure landscape works, can't be pure objective photos.
Stage production.
In addition, Cao Cao's existing more than 20 poems, although they are all old poems from Yuefu, are all brand-new. Short name of Shenyang/surname
De Qian pointed out: "Writing current affairs through ancient Yuefu began with Cao Gong." ("Ancient Poetry Source" Volume 5) This is the history of China literature.
Actually, it is also a bold breakthrough. This new style of attaching importance to reflecting real life and not being bound by old songs and sentences,
It greatly promoted the development of the realistic spirit of China's literature. This achievement of Cao Cao is also worthy of recognition and praise.