Qu Yuan is a descendant of Qu Xian, the son of Chu Wuwang Xiong Tong. Born in Danyang (now Zigui County, Yichang City, Hubei Province) in about 340 BC, he claimed to be a descendant of Zhuan Xu.
"Banknotes waste Zhu, Yang ..."; "When I entered Xupu, I lingered, but I didn't know what I was doing ..." During my exile, Qu Yuan left many immortal masterpieces to future generations. His works, gorgeous words, strange imagination, novel metaphors and profound connotations have become one of the origins of China literature.
"The blue water is clear, you can lick my tassel; The water in the rough waves is turbid, so you can lick my feet. " After Qu Yuan was exiled, in a conversation with the fisherman, the fisherman advised him to "keep pace with the times" instead of "looking ahead and looking back" and asking for trouble. Qu Yuan said that he would rather die by throwing himself into the river than exposing his innocent body to worldly dust. In the eyes of fishermen, life need not be too lofty. The world is clean and honest, and you can come out as an official; The world is turbid and can rise and fall with the world. As for "thinking deeply and doing high", there is no need to end up in exile. The dialogue between Qu Yuan and the fisherman shows two philosophies of life. In 278 BC, Qin conquered the capital of Chu. On May 5th of that year, in despair and grief, Qu Yuan threw a big stone into the Miluo River and died. The Dragon Boat Festival is also the result.
experience
Qu Yuan's deeds are mainly found in Sima Qian's Historical Records. According to Li Sao, Qu Yuan was born in Chu Weiwang (339 BC) on the 14th day of the first month. Qu Yuan was born in Danyang on January 14th, which is now Zigui County, Hubei Province. He experienced three periods in his life, namely, China, Britain and China, and mainly lived in the period. Qu Yuan lived on the eve of China's imminent reunification, and there is a saying that "the emperor of Qin is horizontal and the king of Chu is vertical". Qu was born in a famous family and was good at dealing with chaos and rhetoric. He was favored in his early years and was a leftist. All the policies and announcements of the imperial court came from him.
In order to realize the great cause of rejuvenating Chu State, Qu Yuan actively assisted Chu Huaiwang in reforming the country to make it stronger, and insisted on uniting with Qi State to resist Qin, making Chu State once a powerful vassal state. However, due to the sharp contradiction between Qu Yuan and the decadent aristocratic group of Chu State in internal affairs and diplomacy, and the jealousy of Shangguan doctor and others, Qu Yuan was later framed by a clique and alienated by Chu Huaiwang. According to Records of Historian Biography of Qu Yuan and Jia Sheng, Shangguan Doctor Jin Shang framed Qu Yuan in front of Wang Huai out of jealousy, and Qu Yuan was drafting a constitutional order for Chu Huaiwang at that time, so Wang Huai was "angry and reluctant to Qu Ping".
After being dismissed as a left disciple, Qu Yuan was transferred to be a doctor, in charge of the affairs of the three surnames of Zhao, Qu and Jing in the royal family, and was responsible for offering sacrifices to ancestral temples and educating aristocratic children.
In the 15th year of Wang Huai (304 BC), Zhang Yi went from Qin to Chu, and bought Jin merchants, Zi Nan, Zheng Xiu and others as spies with huge sums of money. At the same time, Wang Huai was lured by offering merchants in 600 Li, which led to the breaking of diplomatic relations between Qi and Chu. After being deceived, he became angry from embarrassment and sent troops to Qin twice, both of which were defeated. Therefore, Qu Yuan was ordered to send an envoy to Qi State to rebuild the friendship between Qi and Chu.
Thirdly, Zhang Yi disintegrated the Qi-Chu alliance from Qin to Chu, which made the Qi-Chu alliance unsuccessful. In twenty-four years, Qin Chu was the "alliance of yellow thorns", and Chu was completely embraced by Qin. Qu Yuan was also expelled from the capital and moved to the Northern Han Dynasty.
Thirty years after Wang Huai, Qu Yuan returned to Du Ying. In the same year, Qin made an appointment with the military attache Wang, but Qu Yuan urged him to enter the customs. However, his youngest son advised him to join the state of Qin, ignoring the suggestions of Qu Yuan and others. As a result, he was detained by Qin on the day of joining the alliance and died three years later. After King Huai was detained, Xiang Wang succeeded to the throne and Zilan was appointed as Lingyin (equivalent to the Prime Minister), and the diplomatic relations between Chu and Qin were once cut off. However, in the seventh year of his succession, Xiang Wang married Qin in order to live in peace for a while. Qu Yuan opposed their shameful position and accused Zilan of being responsible for Wang Huai's humiliating death. Zilan also instructed Shangguan doctor to vilify Qu Yuan in front of Xiang Wang, which led to Qu Yuan being exiled to Yuan and Xiang again about thirteen years before and after Xiang Wang.
When Qu Yuan was exiled for many years, the situation in Chu became more and more critical. In the twenty-first year of King Xiang of Qing Dynasty, the Qin generals broke through Chu (now Jiangling, Hubei Province) without results, which indicated the future crisis of Chu. The next year, Qin Jun went further. Qu Yuan saw that there was no hope for his once powerful country, and considered leaving other countries, but in the end he loved his hometown, threw himself into the Miluo River in grief and indignation, and died for his ideal.
The date of Qu Yuan's death may be the fifth day of May, or it may be a day close to this day. The fifth day of May was originally a traditional festival of Chu. Later, people took this day as a day to commemorate Qu Yuan, but its original intention was little known.