Farewell poems express parting emotions and are the emotional sparks that burst out during separation. It is not easy to express this kind of emotional spark. The following is about Bai Juyi’s ancient poem about farewell. Welcome to read!
1． "Seeing Off Guests on the River"
Tang Bai Juyi
The river flowers have withered and the river grass has died out.
Where do the distant guests return? The lone boat was launched today.
The sound of cuckoo sounds like crying, and the spots of Hunan bamboo look like blood.
***It’s so touching, but I still feel sorry for you!
2. "Send off Liu Dadong from Chang'an"
Bai Juyi of the Tang Dynasty
Baishe keeps his traveling companions in check, and Qingmen is far away from them.
Floating names lead to different destinations.
3. "Linjiang Farewell to Xia Zhan"
Tang Bai Juyi
"Sad for you, I will never leave you. I am seventy and homeless, thousands of miles away."
I am worried to see the wind blowing again while the boat is sailing, and there are white-headed people in the white-headed waves.
4. "Send Yuan Ba ??Back to Fengxiang"
Bai Juyi of Tang Dynasty
The three schedules in Qizhou are like walking in the wind and snow.
I have been separated from Jun Kuang for many years. I came to the city temporarily and then left the city.
5. "Don't Say Goodbye with Willow Sticks"
Bai Juyi of the Tang Dynasty
Nanmo is sad to say goodbye, and the east wind is full of spring.
Don’t bully the weak willows. Drinking wine is better than people.
Introduction to Bai Juyi
Bai Juyi (772-846), whose courtesy name was Letian, also known as Xiangshan Jushi, and Mr. Zuiyin, was originally from Taiyuan. When his great-grandfather moved to Xiagui, he was born. in Xinzheng, Henan. He was a great realist poet in the Tang Dynasty and one of the three major poets in the Tang Dynasty. Bai Juyi and Yuan Zhen jointly advocated the New Yuefu Movement, known as "Yuan Bai" in the world, and "Liu Bai" together with Liu Yuxi.
Bai Juyi's poems have a wide range of themes, diverse forms, and simple and popular language. He is known as the "Poetry Demon" and the "Poetry King". He became a bachelor of the Hanlin Academy and a doctor of Zuo Zanshan. In 846 AD, Bai Juyi died in Luoyang and was buried in Xiangshan. There is "Bai's Changqing Collection" handed down from generation to generation, and his representative poems include "Song of Everlasting Sorrow", "Charcoal Seller", "Pipa Play" and so on.
Main Achievements
Literature
Juyi was a great poet who had great influence in the mid-Tang Dynasty. His poetic ideas and poetry creation were famous for his influence on popular culture. , the prominent emphasis and full expression of realism, occupying an important position in the history of Chinese poetry. In "The Nine Books of Yuan Dynasty", he clearly said: "The servant's ambition is to be both helpful and good, and his behavior is to be unique. If you follow it from beginning to end, it is Tao, and if you talk about it and invent it, it is poetry. It is called an allegorical poem, and it is the ambition of concurrently helping others. It can be seen from this that among Bai Juyi's four categories of poems: allegory, leisure, sentimentality, and miscellaneous rhymes, the first two categories embody his "consistency." The method of doing both good and good things alone is the most valued. At the same time, he put forward his own literary ideas: "Articles are written according to the time, and songs and poems are written according to the events." His poetic ideas were mainly based on the creation of early allegorical poems.
As early as in "Celin" written in the early Yuan Dynasty, Bai Juyi showed a tendency to emphasize realism, popularization, and allegory: "Today's articles of praise and criticism are not verified, so the way to punish and persuade is missing; If a poem that is beautiful and satirical does not reflect politics, then the meaning of supplementary inspection will be abolished. . . . Those who combine poetry with Jiongjie’s allegory will be praised despite their wild quality." (Sixty-eight "Discussion Articles") The function of poetry is. To punish evil and encourage good, and to make up for the current affairs, the means of poetry are beautiful criticism, praise and criticism, and sharp allegory. Therefore, he advocated: "Establish officials who collect poetry, develop satire, observe the gains and losses of politics, and understand the emotions of people above and below." (Sixty-nine "Collecting Poems") He opposed the simple pursuit of "high palace rhythm" and "wonderful writing" without content, and was even more opposed to the gorgeous poetic style of "mocking the wind and moon and playing with flowers and plants" since Qi and Liang Dynasties. In the "Preface to New Yuefu", he clearly pointed out that the criteria for writing poetry are: "The words are clear and precise, and those who want to see them can easily tell them; their words are straightforward and clear, and those who want to hear them can be warned deeply; the things they say are clear and precise." "Solid," so that those who pick it can convey the message; its body is smooth and smooth, and can be broadcast in music and songs. "The words "quality and diameter", "straight and cut", "core and solid", and "smooth and smooth" here are respectively. It emphasizes that the language must be simple and popular, the discussion must be straightforward, the writing must be pure and false, and the form must be fluent and smooth, with the color of a ballad. In other words, poetry must be written in a way that is authentic and credible, easy to understand, and easy to sing to music, to be considered the ultimate.
The above-mentioned requirements made by Bai Juyi on poetry have only one purpose, which is to make up for the current affairs. So he went on to say: "In short, you should do it for the king, for the ministers, for the people, for things, for things, not for literature." ("Xin Yuefu Preface") In "Yu Yuan Jiu Shu", Looking back on his early creations, he said: "Since he came to the dynasty, he has grown older and read more and more things. Every time he talks to people, he inquires more about current affairs; every time he reads history, he seeks more theories and principles, and then he realizes that the articles were written at the same time. Songs and poems are composed for the sake of things. "When writing for the time and things, the first thing is to write for the king." He also said: "But it hurts the people's illness and does not know the taboos of the times" (Part 2 of "Two Poems on Hurt Tang Qu"), and created a large number of allegorical poems reflecting the suffering of the people's livelihood, but the overall direction is "only singing can cause people's illness" , I hope the emperor will know it" ("Ji Tang Sheng").
Because only when the people's sentiments are heard by heaven and the emperor opens up the barriers and expresses human sentiments, will politics tend to be peaceful.
"Pipa Song" and "Song of Everlasting Sorrow" are Bai Juyi's most successful works. The outstanding feature of their artistic expression is the strengthening of lyrical factors. Compared with previous narrative poems, although these two works also use narration and description to express events, they simplify the events beyond simplicity, using only one central event and two or three main characters to structure the entire poem, such as quite dramatic The Mawei Incident in Mawei is described by the author in just a few strokes. In terms of the most lyrical psychological description of the characters and the rendering of the environment and atmosphere, he splashes ink like rain in order to enjoy it to the fullest. Works that focus more on encounter narratives also use emotions to closely connect sounds and events. Sounds arise with emotion, and emotions change with events, so that the process of the poem is always accompanied by moving emotional power. In addition, the lyricism of these two works is also reflected in the use of selected images to create the appropriate atmosphere and enhance the artistic conception of the poems. For example, in "Song of Everlasting Regret", "Seeing the moon in the palace makes me sad, and hearing the heartbreaking sound of bells in the night rain", in "Pipa Tour", "Maple leaves and flowers rustle in autumn", "The vast river is soaked in the moon when we say goodbye" and other poems, or the cold moonlight , pattering night rain, and heart-breaking bells combine to form an ecstatic scene, or rustling maple leaves, dill flowers, and the vast river moon form a sad and lonely picture, in which the desolate, sentimental, and melancholy moods revealed become poetry. The characters and events in the novel are all dyed, making readers feel shaken and unable to control themselves when faced with such artistic conception and atmosphere.