Zhu's philosophical system is based on Cheng Hao's theory, absorbing Zhou Dunyi's Taiji theory, Zhang Zai's Qi theory and Buddhism and Taoism. The following is what I carefully arranged.
Zhu was born in Youxi, Nanjian Prefecture in the Southern Song Dynasty for four years, and then moved to Chong 'an County in Jianyang with his mother. In his later years, he settled in Jianyang Kaoting, so he was later called Kaoting School, and he traveled widely. Jianyang is also called "Min Nan Queli". Poet, philosopher and educator in Southern Song Dynasty. The master of Neo-Confucianism in Song Dynasty inherited the Neo-Confucianism of Cheng Hao and Cheng Yi in Northern Song Dynasty, and completed the monism system of principle and qi.
Zhu was a scholar in Shaoxing in the eighteenth year, a principal official in Tongan, Quanzhou in the twenty-first year, and a post in Shaoxing in the twenty-second year. After his term of office, he asked to resign, devoted himself to psychological research, gave lectures everywhere, and publicized his neo-Confucianism "Taiji", that is, "Heaven governs" and "Preserving Heaven governs, destroying human desires", and became the founder of Zhu Cheng School.
In the second year of Xichun, another school headed by Lu Jiuyuan met in Ehu Temple in Xinzhou to discuss the philosophical differences between the two schools.
In the fifth year, recommended by the Prime Minister, Zhu became the king of Nankang. From March to August, 2008, Zhu Ren was the official residence of Changping Division, Nanxi Road, Jiangxi Province. During his term of office, he raised money and food to help the victims, so that the people could live in peace. It is planned to reorganize the secret cabinet, and he will not take office until the donor is rewarded. Due to the drought in eastern Zhejiang, the Prime Minister recommended Zhu as Changping in eastern Zhejiang. He didn't go to Shaoxing until the benefactor received the reward. After the official to the secret pavilion, Huan entered the system and served as a commentator.
Now, at the invitation of Okra, a famous scholar who gave lectures in Xiangzhi, Yin Zhu visited and sang with Okra, and left a poem about it, which said: "The pillow at the head of the bed is the middle stream, and the spring at the bottom of the well leads to the pool. I have never been pregnant with birds, but I only smell the rain and flowers. " Later generations carved this poem on Shan Zhi.
In the second year of Qingyuan, in order to avoid the disaster, Quan Chen Zhu and his disciples, Cai Shen and Huang Zhong came to Wuyi Hall on the side of Shuanglin Temple in Fushan, Xincheng to give lectures and wrote a poem "Fushan". During this period, he traveled between Cheng Nan and Nanfeng. Now, at the invitation of Li Yuanji and Deng, he wrote an Inscription of Sergeant Jianchang, which greatly praised Jianchang talents. At the invitation of Wu Lun and Wu Chang brothers in Hamawo Village, Shangtang, Nancheng County, he gave lectures in the village, wrote Rongmu Xuan for Wu's guild hall, Book House for reading pavilion and Shecang Ji for the Shecang founded by Wu brothers. In the village, he also wrote a famous poem "Only when the canal is so clear can there be flowing water at the source". After Zhu left the village, the villagers changed Tuowawo village to Yuantou village. In the Republic of China, a living water town was built in memory of Zhu. The rock wall of Nanfeng Ceng Gong is engraved with the word "Yan Shu" inscribed by Zhu, and the wall of the small pool under the cave is engraved with the word "Mo Chi" inscribed by Zhu.
Zhu has also been to Le 'an, Jinxi and Dongxiang successively. In Liukeng, Le 'an, there is a plaque inscribed for Zhuangyuan Building at the entrance of the village. At the invitation of the Lu brothers, he gave a lecture at Chongzheng College in Jinxi, and presented the book "The Study of Brothers, the Heart of the Immortal". Dongxiang crosses Runxi, and there is a poem "Crossing Runxi".
Qingyuan died in six years. In the second year of Jiading, he wrote a letter of goodwill, wrote an obituary, found a Chinese doctor, and sent a special gift to Bao's straight bachelor. In three years, Li Zongbaoqing gave a surname, chased lord protector, and changed his emblem to lord protector. In nine years, Feng went to lift Jiangnan West Road and built Nanhu Academy to commemorate Zhu.
Zhu is a master of science and one of the main representatives of feudal Confucianism in China. His academic thought, in the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties in China, has always been the official philosophy of the feudal ruling class, marking a more complete ideology of feudal society. In the second year of Yuan and Qing Dynasties, the imperial examination was resumed, and Zhu's Notes on Four Books was ordered as the scholar's examination, and Zhu was given the procedure. Zhu Yuanzhang took the imperial examination in Hongwu for two years, taking Zhu and others as the "Sect". Zhu Xue became a powerful spiritual pillar to consolidate the ruling order of feudal society. It strengthened the "three cardinal guides and five permanents" and hindered the later changes in feudal society. Zhu's academic thought also has an important influence in the history of world culture. Zhu's main philosophical works include Notes to Four Books, Four Books or Topics, Illustrations of Taiji, Interpretation of General Books, Interpretation of Mingxi, Original Meaning of Zhouyi and Enlightenment of Yijing. In addition, there is "Zhuyu Subclass", which is a record of questions and answers between him and his disciples.
As a master of Neo-Confucianism, Zhu has written a lot, including Notes on Four Books and Sentences, Notes on Songs of the South, Zhuzi's Complete Collection and Quotations from Disciples.
Brief introduction of Zhu's life
Zhu, also known as Zhong Hui, was called Huian, later called Huiweng, and later called Zhu Wengong. Originally from Wuyuan County, Huizhou Prefecture, he was born in Youxi, Nanjian Prefecture. Famous Neo-Confucianist, thinker, philosopher, educator, poet, representative of Fujian School, master of Confucianism, Buddha named Zhu Xi.
Zhu is a student, a disciple of Cheng Er, and is also called Pai with Cheng Er. Zhu's Neo-Confucianism had a great influence on the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties and became the official philosophy of the three generations. He is another person after Confucius in the educational history of China.
/kloc-at the age of 0/9, Zhu took the Jinshi exam. He once served as Governor of Nankang, Jiangxi, Governor of Zhangzhou, Fujian and Governor of East Zhejiang. He is an honest official and promotes the construction of academies. This official worships Huan's attendance system and gives lectures to the emperor.
Zhu Zhu is the author of Notes on Four Books and Sentences, Notes on Taiji, Notes on General Books, Readings of Zhouyi, Notes on Chu Ci, etc. Later generations compiled Zhuzi Daquan and Zhuzi Xiang. Among them, "Notes to Four Books and Chapters" became the standard of textbooks and imperial examinations.
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He integrated the essence of Confucianism and his own educational thoughts into family rules and family instructions, which had a far-reaching impact on Zhu's descendants.
Zhu Jiaxun is a famous family motto left by Zhu in his later years. The full text is just over 300 words, which tells about the responsibilities and obligations that individuals should bear in the family and society, and brilliantly expounds the way of self-cultivation. Family precepts outline philosophical and speculative moral and ethical thoughts in simple language, which is Zhu.
Throughout the family training, the sentences are neat, the words are clear and smooth, full of appeal and profound life wisdom. Zhuzi's family instruction is the general program of family management theory, which has been developed and expounded in later generations. For example, Zhu Bailu, a descendant of Zhuzi in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties, wrote Zhu Bailu's family instructions on the basis of Zhuzi's family instructions.
When Zhu sent his eldest son, Zhu Shu, to study in Jinhua, Wuzhou, he also wrote a family letter "Learning from Children". In his family letters, he earnestly taught Zhu Shu to study hard, make good friends, and his love for his son jumped to the page and became a famous family letter.
In addition, Zhu also compiled a book "What Children Should Know" for disciplining children, and educated children to develop good living and study habits from aspects of dressing, eating, talking, walking, reading and writing. This book later became one of the important teaching materials of enlightenment.
Baidu encyclopedia-Zhu
Brief introduction of Zhu's life
Zhu, with a dark personality, was later known as Zhu Wengong because posthumous title was a "Wen", a famous philosopher, educator, thinker and poet in the Song Dynasty, and a representative of Fujian School. The following is a brief introduction to the life of Zhu, a philosopher in the Southern Song Dynasty. I hope you like it!
Brief introduction of the poet:
Zhu, also known as Zhong Hui, was called Huian, later called Huiweng, and later called Zhu Wengong. Originally from Wuyuan County, Huizhou Prefecture, he was born in Youxi, Nanjian Prefecture. Famous Neo-Confucianist, thinker, philosopher, educator, poet, representative of Fujian School, master of Confucianism, Buddha named Zhu Xi. Zhu is the only person who is not a disciple handed down by Confucius, but likes to visit the Confucius Temple. He ranks among the twelve philosophers in Dacheng Hall and is worshipped by Confucianism. Zhu is a student, a disciple of Cheng Er, and is also called Pai with Cheng Er. Zhu's Neo-Confucianism had a great influence on the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties and became the official philosophy of the three generations. He is another person after Confucius in the educational history of China.
/kloc-at the age of 0/9, Zhu took the Jinshi exam. He once served as Governor of Nankang, Jiangxi, Governor of Zhangzhou, Fujian and Governor of East Zhejiang. He is an honest official and promotes the construction of academies. This official worships Huan's attendance system and gives lectures to the emperor.
Zhu Zhu is the author of Notes on Four Books and Sentences, Notes on Taiji, Notes on General Books, Readings of Zhouyi, Notes on Chu Ci, etc. Later generations compiled Zhuzi Daquan and Zhuzi Xiang. Among them, "Notes to Four Books and Chapters" became the standard of textbooks and imperial examinations.
The poet's achievements:
Neo-Confucianism, also known as Taoism, is a theory aimed at studying the meaning of Confucian classics, that is, the so-called study of righteousness.
In the Song Dynasty, Zhu's academic attainments were the deepest and most influential. He summed up the thoughts of predecessors, especially Neo-Confucianism in Song Dynasty, and established a huge Neo-Confucianism system, which became the representative work of Neo-Confucianism in Song Dynasty. His achievements were praised by later generations, and his thoughts were regarded as official studies, while he himself was mentioned as a saint with Confucius and was called "Zhu Zi". Zhu wrote the original meaning of the Book of Changes, listed the map of Heluo and congenital, and co-edited Zhouyi Shenwu with disciple Cai and his son, explaining the theory of Heluo's congenital, which was used by later generations to explain Zhu's congenital thought of Heluo.
In Yuan Dynasty, Ming Dynasty and Qing Dynasty, it has always been the official philosophy of the feudal ruling class, which indicates that the ideology of feudal society is more complete. In the second year of Yuan and Qing Dynasties, the imperial examination was resumed, and it was ordered that Zhu's Notes on Four Books and Sentences should prevail, and Zhu Weike cited the outline. In the second year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty, Zhu et al. took the imperial examination. Zhu Xue became the spiritual pillar to consolidate the ruling order of feudal society. It strengthened the "three cardinal guides and five permanents" and hindered the later changes in feudal society. Zhu's theory also had a far-reaching influence on Wang Yangming's psychology in Ming Dynasty. Wang Yangming's thought of unity of knowledge and action is a breakthrough on the basis of Zhu's philosophy.
Character evaluation:
Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty called Zhu: a subject that has been studied for thousands of years and hundreds of millions of years.
Huang Xiezai, a student of Zhu, said: Taoism spread from Meng to Meng, and then to Zhou, Cheng and Yu Xiansheng. ..
Xin Qiji, a poet in the Southern Song Dynasty, said: Immortal people will be immortal. What do you mean, dead, still alive.
Lu You, a poet in the Southern Song Dynasty, said: Some people have the heart to donate 100 corpses and nine plains, while others shed tears into the East China Sea. The road has been repaired and I am lost. The public never dies, but they still enjoy it.
Fan Jiang in the early Qing Dynasty: Hui Weng was a disciple of Confucius and Mencius and a master of Confucianism.
Phoenix. As a knowledgeable scholar, Zhu has many aspects worth learning by future generations. He never tires of learning, never tires of teaching, reads widely, is rigorous in his studies and has rich works. He has made great achievements in exegesis, textual research, annotation of ancient books and collation of documents and materials. In addition, he also conducted extensive research on many natural sciences such as astronomy, geography, law and calendar. As an official in feudal society, he tried to maintain that system, but at the same time he could observe people's feelings, oppose those who extorted money and harmed the rich, and dared to fight against the illegal acts of corrupt officials and local gentry. During his tenure as a local official, Zhu also did some useful work to stabilize people's livelihood, such as relieving famine and encouraging production. Among the officials in feudal society, he was an upright and promising man. Finally, it should be pointed out that Zhu is also one of the famous educators in the history of education in China.
Poets in Song Dynasty wrote in Huang Richao: Hui 'an is a collection of notes, which is the revival of ancient exegesis. The meaning of the words is clear first, which makes this article calm and easy to understand, and then gives its gist.
Joseph Needham, British historian of science and technology: Zhu was a naturalist who made in-depth observation of various natural phenomena.
All, a Qing people: to the vast, to the subtle, to the eternal. The study of Jiangxi and Yongjia in eastern Zhejiang is not inevitable, but it cannot be generalized.
Joseph Needham, a British modern biologist: ① When we further investigate this delicate natural system, we have to admit that the concepts studied by philosophers in the Song Dynasty are no different from those used in modern science. (2) At least the world outlook of Neo-Confucianism and the viewpoint of natural science are extremely consistent, which is impossible to doubt. (3) Neo-Confucianism in Song Dynasty is scientific in nature, accompanied by all kinds of pure scientific activities and unprecedented prosperity of applied science itself.
Introduction to Zhu Which dynasty did Zhu belong to?
Song dynasty people.
Zhu, also known as Zhong Hui, was called Huian, later called Huiweng, and later called Zhu Wengong. Originally from Wuyuan County, Huizhou Prefecture, he was born in Youxi, Nanjian Prefecture. Famous Neo-Confucianist, thinker, philosopher, educator, poet, representative of Fujian School, master of Confucianism, Buddha named Zhu Xi.
Zhu is the only person who is not a disciple handed down by Confucius, but likes to visit the Confucius Temple. He ranks among the twelve philosophers in Dacheng Hall and is worshipped by Confucianism. ? Zhu is a student, a disciple of Cheng Er, and is also called Pai with Cheng Er.
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Zhu's creative thought:
Zhu's attitude towards poetry creation is both relatively contemptuous and very tolerant, which has a lot to do with his complicated ideological origin. As far as creation is concerned, Zhu's poems are mainly philosophical poems, landscape poems and political poems. Among them, philosophical poems visualize profound truth; Landscape poems are fresh and natural, with meaningful aftertaste; And political poems are written directly, and King Kong is glaring.
Through these poems of Zhu, we can see that Zhu is a poet with rich and varied artistic styles. His poems let readers appreciate the rigorous side of the master of Neo-Confucianism and make people have a more comprehensive understanding of Zhu's thoughts.
Baidu encyclopedia-Zhu
Introduction to Zhu.
Zhu, also known as Zhong Hui, was called Huian, later called Huiweng, and later called Zhu Wengong. Originally from Wuyuan County, Huizhou Prefecture, he was born in Youxi, Nanjian Prefecture. Famous Neo-Confucianist, thinker, philosopher, educator, poet, representative of Fujian School, master of Confucianism, Buddha named Zhu Xi. Zhu is the only person who is not a disciple handed down by Confucius, but likes to visit the Confucius Temple. He ranks among the twelve philosophers in Dacheng Hall and is worshipped by Confucianism. Zhu is a student, a disciple of Cheng Er, and is also called Pai with Cheng Er. Zhu's Neo-Confucianism had a great influence on the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties and became the official philosophy of the three generations. He is another person after Confucius in the educational history of China.
Introduction to Zhu
Zhu, also known as Zhong Hui, was called Huian, later called Huiweng, and later called Zhu Wengong. His ancestral home is Xiaoxian County, Xuzhou Prefecture, Jiangnan East Road. In the Southern Song Dynasty, the Zhu family moved to Wuyuan County, Huizhou Prefecture, and was born in Youxi, Nanjian Prefecture. Famous Neo-Confucianist, thinker, philosopher, educator, poet, representative of Fujian School, master of Confucianism, Buddha named Zhu Xi. Zhu is the only person who is not a disciple handed down by Confucius, but likes to visit the Confucius Temple. He ranks among the twelve philosophers in Dacheng Hall and is worshipped by Confucianism. Zhu is a student, a disciple of Cheng Er, and is also called Pai with Cheng Er. Zhu's Neo-Confucianism had a great influence on the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties and became the official philosophy of the three generations. He is another person after Confucius in the educational history of China.
/kloc-at the age of 0/9, Zhu took the Jinshi exam. He once served as Governor of Nankang, Jiangxi, Governor of Zhangzhou, Fujian and Governor of East Zhejiang. He is an honest official and promotes the construction of academies. This official worships Huan's attendance system and gives lectures to the emperor.
Zhu Zhu is the author of Notes on Four Books and Sentences, Notes on Taiji, Notes on General Books, Readings of Zhouyi, Notes on Chu Ci, etc. Later generations compiled Zhuzi Daquan and Zhuzi Xiang. Among them, the annotation of four books, chapters and sentences has become the standard of textbooks and imperial examinations.