1975 spring, * * * over 80 years old? . Once, he met a new staff member for the first time. After asking her name, he asked her, "Can you recite Liu Yuxi's poem" The Old Times of Xipaotai Mountain? " Then he forcefully shouted:
Wang Ronglou disembarked from Yizhou, and the imperial ghost has languished in Nanjing? .
Chihiro iron lock sank to the bottom of the river and a stone fell out? .
How many sad past in life, the mountains still remain cold.
It is the day when the China world is unified. The ancient fortress is full of ruins and autumn reeds.
It turned out that the name of this staff member happened to be embedded in the last sentence of this poem, so * * * quickly thought of this poem that he was very familiar with.
Cisai Mountain, near Wuchang, Hubei, near the Yangtze River, is a famous military place in history. During the reign of Emperor Wu of the Jin Dynasty, Yizhou secretariat led the water army to attack from Shu, occupied Wuchang, built a giant warship, broke the iron locks and other barriers set by the late emperor Sun Hao, and went downstream to build a business in Wudu (that is, "Jinling" in the poem, now Nanjing). Wu surrendered. Liu Yuxi, a poet, expressed his concern about the rise and fall of the country by remembering the thrilling battle that led to the demise of Wu in history, and pointed out that the situation of division would not last long, and reunification was an inevitable trend in history. * * * circled the poem six times. Before annotating the titles of 300 poems in Tang Dynasty, he drew a big circle, followed by three small circles. He drew a big circle in front of the title of this poem in another book of poems with a red pencil. The editor commented after the poem: "When I was dreaming, Yuan, Wei Chuke and three people each gave Jinling nostalgia, and my dream came true. Lotte said,' When four people explore the dragon, the son will get the pearl first, and the others will get scales and claws.' Then stop singing. "Dream" is Liu Yuxi's word. * * * This comment is punctuated sentence by sentence. Liu Yuxi wrote many nostalgic poems lamenting the rise and fall of history, which were gloomy and desolate in style and often read in circles.
* * * I love reading Liu Yuxi's insightful poems, expressing feelings through the scenery, and comparing the past with the present. For example, for "Poems in the Temple of the Ancient King of Shu", * * commented: "Slightly better." This poem is:
What a hero Liu Bei is, no one can compare with him. His name will be passed down for thousands of years.
After the founding of the People's Republic of China and the three kingdoms of Wu and Wei, the restoration of five baht coins was aimed at revitalizing the Han Dynasty.
Andrew Bynum and Zhuge Liang created the foundation of the prime minister, but unfortunately his son is not the sage of his father.
Sad old tricks, dancing in Wang Wei's palace.
Bei praised by the poet, Chen despised. The whole poem uses sharp contrast, resulting in a strong artistic contrast, which makes people see the profound lessons of the rise and fall of ancient and modern times: it is difficult to start a business, and it is even more difficult to stay in business. This poem is implicit and concise, with the nature of historical theory.
Wuyixiang is the second poem of Liu Yuxi's famous group poem Five Topics of Jinling, which Bai Juyi once "tossed and turned and lamented for a long time". * * * circled six times. This poem is:
There are some weeds blooming by the Suzaku Bridge, and there is only sunset at the corner of Wuyi Lane.
Swallows under the eaves of Wang Dao and Xie An have now flown into the homes of ordinary people.
Suzaku Bridge is a bridge across the Huaihe River and the only way to Wuyi Lane. Wuyi Lane is the settlement of big noble Wang Dao and Xie in Jinling City in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. It is named after the children of Wang and Xie were all dressed in black. The poet used the habit of migratory birds and swallows returning to their nests to explain that the bird's nest is still there, while the rich people in the world have gone through vicissitudes and become the homes of ordinary people, lamenting the rise and fall of Wang Dao and Xie An, and satirizing the present with the ancient. This poem is meaningful and thought-provoking, and it is Liu Yuxi's famous work.
Liu Yuxi was an outstanding poet in the middle Tang Dynasty, and Bai Juyi greatly appreciated his poetic talent, calling him a "great poet" and a "national hand". He lived in the historical turning point of the Tang Dynasty from prosperity to decline. At that time, the eunuchs in North Korea were autocratic, the four countries were divided, land annexation intensified, and taxes were heavy, and the people suffered greatly. Liu Yuxi has a great political ambition of caring for the country and the people. At that time, under the leadership of Wang, he and Liu Zongyuan adopted a series of progressive reform measures in politics, which became the famous "Yongzheng Innovation" movement in history. This innovation was killed by conservatives in a short time. After the failure of innovation, Liu Yuxi was demoted to Lianzhou secretariat and later to Langzhou Sima. He also made a history of Kuizhou and Hezhou, and returned to Luoyang as a guest of honor in his later years, at the age of 7 1. Liu Yuxi was demoted twice in his life and lived in exile for a long time. However, he never regrets his innovative political ideas, and he is very firm and tenacious, which is a political hard bone.
Liu Yuxi has been in political adversity for a long time, and has written many satirical poems with resentment and sadness. He was only 23 years old when he was demoted for the first time. Ten years later, he was recalled to Kyoto and wrote the famous Peach Blossom in Du Xuan:
On the main road of the city, pedestrians are constantly flowing, and the dust is blowing on their faces. People say that they have just seen flowers coming back from Xuandu.
There are thousands of peach trees in the Xuanmiao Temple, all of which were planted after I was exiled to Beijing.
Du Xuan Temple is a Taoist temple in Chang 'an. "Liulang" refers to the poet himself. This poem, also known as "Yuanhe Ten Years from Langzhou to Beijing, as a gift to a gentleman who looks at flowers", is actually a poem in which the poet compares the nouveau riche with peach blossoms, implying that those nouveau riche who are in full swing are just followers and speculators who have been promoted in the past ten years after being excluded from Beijing. Irony and contempt are implied in the pen, which shows the poet's indomitable fighting spirit. This poem angered the current dynasty, and Liu Yuxi was once again demoted to Lianzhou on the charge of "sarcasm".
Fourteen years later, the poet Liu Yuxi was recalled and wrote a poem "Visit Du Xuanguan again". In the preface written by the poet, he said: "Yu Zhenyuan was foreign minister for twenty-one years, and this view has not been abolished. /kloc-at the age of 0/8, he left Mulian State and asked for demotion to Sima Lang State. He lived for ten years and was called to the capital. Everyone said that there was a Taoist who planted peaches with both hands and looked at them like rosy clouds, so the first chapter focused on the present. Spin out of the pasture again? . In the past ten years, I became a doctor of subject and object again, and I reviewed Du Xuan's point of view. No trees are swaying, only rabbits, sunflowers and oats are swaying in the spring breeze. Because of these 28 words, I will swim in the future. When it's big, in March of two years. " The poem reads: "A hundred acres of courtyard is half covered with moss, and peach blossoms are everywhere. Where does Taoism return? Liu Lang came again today. " Despite repeated political blows, the poet wrote sarcastically: "Where are the Taoists going?" Liu Lang came again today. ""Taoists "refer to rulers who stifle the innovation movement. During the ten years when Liu Yuxi was demoted, the emperor was changed from Xianzong, Mu Zong and Jing Zong to Wenzong, and four people were replaced. Those nouveau riche who once flourished but floated with political changes have also been eliminated one after another. Only the poet "Liulang", who has been persecuted for a long time, is indomitable. He visited Du Xuanguan again, calmly observed and thought about the natural changes of the past and present scenery, aroused his contempt and ridicule for his political opponents, and strengthened his will not to be afraid of * * * politically. This satirical poem is spicy and implicit, and its poetry is profound and meaningful. * * * loves reading and has written calligraphy.
Liu Yuxi is not only a poet, but also a simple materialist thinker. In addition to writing articles such as Tian Lun to explain his philosophical thoughts, his poems often shine with philosophical brilliance. 1959, when talking with the staff around him, * * * said: Liu Zongyuan is a materialist philosopher, which is seen in his "Heaven is Right", and Liu Yuxi developed this materialism. In the poetry collection, * * * drew a big circle on the name of the poet Liu Yuxi with a red pencil; A heavy emphasis line was drawn with a black pencil next to it; In the poem "Enjoy Lotte at the First Meeting in Yangzhou", a circle painting annotation is made in red and black handwriting. This poem is:
The mountains were desolate and silent for twenty-three years.
People come back. Like people in Michelle, I can only play the flute, and I am disappointed.
On one side of the boat, Qian Fan races; At the head of the sick tree, every year is a spring shower.
Today, listen to you sing a song, drink a glass of wine and cheer up.
* * * Draw a circle in the title of this poem with a red pencil, and draw an emphasis line next to the poem "Qian Fan by the shipwreck, Wan Muchun by the sick tree". He drew a circle in front of the first sentence of the poem with a black pencil, and added a circle after each sentence. He wrote in the editor's note: "If you are immersed in a boat, you will see that the personnel are uneven and there is nothing natural. If you achieve this goal, you will be innocent for life. " * * * made a broken sentence on this note. Draw an emphasis line under "Nature is nothingness" and note: "This explanation is wrong." * * * The reason why this explanation is wrong is because he thinks that the editor does not understand the spirit of poetry. This poem was written by Tang Jingzong Bao Li when she met Bai Juyi in Yangzhou and returned to Beijing from Hezhou in the second winter. Although the poem "Qian Fan passed by the sinking boat, and Wan Muchun was ahead of the sick tree" compared himself to "sinking boat" and "sick tree", it pointed out that personal stagnation was nothing, and the world still had to move forward, which undoubtedly had a dialectical materialistic point of view and was positive. The editor understands it as a passive philosophy of life that is powerless in the face of fate, which is obviously a misinterpretation of the poet's original intention. * * * disagreed with this explanation and pointed out that it was "wrong". 1958 65438+February, in the speech outline of the Sixth Plenary Session of the Eighth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, there was a question about two possibilities. He pointed out that there are two possibilities for the consolidation and division of the party, the victory or demise of the people and the country. But the division of the former and the disappearance of the latter are temporary. The destruction of the bourgeoisie in the world is permanent. Here, he quoted the poem "Qian Fan in the shipwreck crossing, Wan Muchun in front of the sick tree", which aggravated the discussion of this argument. This shows how much * * * appreciates this poem.
Liu Yuxi, who has lived in Bashan and Shushui for a long time, has the opportunity to widely contact with the sufferings of the people and make his poetry creation thoughtful. On the other hand, he learned artistic nutrition from folk songs in those places, so his poetry creation has a new style. His Ci of Lingzhu and Ci of Yang Liuzhi both have the fresh and hearty artistic conception and loud and harmonious rhythm of folk songs, and their feelings are sincere and subtle. * * * has a circle painting for this kind of poetry.