Wang Anshi
Tired son tired horse chi door, so lean on Shi Gen.
The moon turns to the sky, and the mountains and clouds divide into dusk.
The mouse shook and became silent, and the crow corrected the cold shadow.
When I didn't know who the guest was, the Taoist forgot me, and I forgot to say it.
Note 1: This poem was written by the author when he lived in Zhongshan in his later years. Baogong Pagoda is located in Zhongshan, Nanjing, with steep terrain, which was built by later generations to commemorate Baozhi, a monk of the Southern Dynasties. (2) [qióng]: bamboo stick.
One:
1. What are the main expressions of bow ties? Please enjoy this poem. (6 points)
2. How does this poem mainly express the author's thoughts and feelings? Please analyze this poem in detail. (5 points)
3. From the perspective of expression, please simply appreciate the couplet "The mouse shakes its silence, and the crow corrects the cold shadow and turns over".
Reference answer:
1, the neck tie mainly adopts the expression technique of setting static by moving or setting static by moving. (2 points) The slight movement of the mouse broke the silence in the mountain, and the sound followed; Crows fly high in the cold air, leaving their roaring figures behind. These two sentences show the tranquility and cold in the mountains at night through extremely subtle descriptions. The sound of "mouse shaking" is very weak, but it can still be heard, indicating that the empty mountain is quiet and the ancient pagoda is quiet. The crow flying in the night sky is dark, but you can see its shadow, which shows the clarity of the moonlight. (4 points)
2. After three poets climbed the Baogong Tower, they saw the beautiful scenery of the river night in front of the poem. At the end, the writer wrote that people forgot the existence of the poet and the poet forgot to express his feelings in words. (2 points) It is because the quiet and open scenery seen after climbing the Baogong Tower makes the poet relaxed and deeply intoxicated, and even forgets the troubles and disputes in the world, as if to be integrated with the scenery in front of him, showing the poet's thoughts and feelings of forgetting both things and me. (3 points)
3. Detonation technology. The sound of "mouse shaking" is not loud, but it can be heard, which highlights the silence of the empty mountain ancient pagoda by moving to silence. The crow flying in the night sky is dark, but its shadow is clearly visible, setting off the clarity of the moonlight.
Two:
(1) What kind of poet image is created in the poem? Please summarize it briefly. (2 points)
A: The poem depicts a lively and fearless person. The image of a poet who is intoxicated with the beautiful scenery and forgets things.
(2) From the perspective of expression skills, please simply appreciate "the mouse shakes silently, and the crow corrects the cold shadow." Elaine. (4 points)
Answer: the sound of mice walking can actually shake the silence in the mountains; Crows and birds fly in the night sky and can see their shadows. The sound of "mouse shaking" is not loud, but it can be heard, which highlights the silence of the empty mountain ancient pagoda by moving to silence. The crow flying in the night sky should be black, but its shadow is clearly visible, setting off the clarity of the moonlight.
background
Bao Gong, a monk in the Southern Dynasties, was named Bao Zhi. According to the Biography of Southern History Tao Hongjing, in the early Southern Song Dynasty (465-47 1), he went in and out of Zhongshan, went back and forth to Beijing, his feet were shining, and there were signs when he arrived in Liang Wudi. He is particularly respected and is usually called Bao Gong and Zhi Gong. He died in May14 (13th year of Tian Liang's supervision) and was buried in Dulong House, Miaoqiangang, Ding Lin, Zhongshan, Nanjing. Princess Yongding built a tower on it, which is the famous pagoda. Wang Anshi's seven laws describe what he saw and felt when he climbed the tower.
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Wang Anshi's poem Baogong Pagoda said: "There is a big river next to the pagoda, and the statue is alone." It can be seen that this tower is surrounded by mountains and waters, and the terrain is steep. So the first couplet is about the hardships before climbing the tower. The word "tired children and tired horses" reveals the long and difficult road, and "leaning on Shi Gen for a long time" just shows the towering and difficult climbing of rocks. However, the situation where the tired boy and the tired horse stay in front of the temple is in sharp contrast with the situation where the poet climbs the mountain with crutches. Through the fatigue of servants and horses, it embodies the poet's spirit of climbing mountains near water and endless interest. This poem was written by Wang Anshi when he lived in Zhongshan in his later years. In these two sentences, the image of a poet who is full of enthusiasm and fearless is vividly on the paper. There is a famous saying about traveling in the mountains and waters in his Travel Notes of Baochan: "There are many tourists when people are near, but there are few people when they are far away. However, the extraordinary worldview is often out of reach, but people are rare. " Therefore, people without will can't come. "The image of the poet in this poem is a" careerist "who does not avoid danger.
The scenery Zhuan Xu saw when he wrote Upstairs: The bright moon rising by the river drove away the boundless night at dusk, making the dark night sky look like day; Clouds floating among the hills deepen the gloom of dusk, as if dividing the color into dusk. These two sentences describe the change of light and shade when the mountains on the river turn from dusk to moonlit night, which is extremely wonderful. The night sky can't turn around, and the colors can't be distinguished. However, it is strange to say "turn empty" and "divide" in the poem; Turning the moon into the sky and dividing it into clouds gives the moon and clouds vitality and life, which is another miracle; It is even more strange to say that it is night, but it becomes day and dusk is nothing, but it is given color. But these two poems are not bizarre. On the contrary, a picture of a white night on the river in the moonlight is presented to readers, vivid and distinct. This couplet is a famous sentence in Wang Anshi's poems. The night talk in Hanzhai compares this couplet to "one water protects the field, and two mountains send green flowers", quoting Huang Tingjian's comment: "This poem is eye-catching, and scholars don't know this wonderful, and its rhyme will be endless." It points out that it plays a warning role in the whole poem. Later, Jiangxi School flaunted the eye of sentence and poem, emphasizing that this artistic technique of casting words should be accurate and alert. For example, the "seal hole" and "parting pen" in this couplet are all words created by Wang Anshi, but the whole sentence is not blunt and obscure, which is memorable.
The necklace continues to describe what I saw and heard when I climbed the tower: the slight movement of the mouse broke the silence in the mountain and the sound began; Crows fly high in the cold air, leaving their roaring figures behind. These two sentences show the tranquility and cold in the mountains at night through extremely subtle descriptions. The sound of "mouse shaking" is very weak, but it can still be heard, indicating that the empty mountain is quiet and the ancient pagoda is quiet. The crow flying in the night sky is dark, but you can see its shadow, which shows the clarity of the moonlight. This new word is also very amazing. "Rat Shake" and "Crow Cried" were born out of "Fighting Rat Shake and Pine Shadow" by Lu Lun and "Goose Cried in the Reed" by Du Fu, but the combination was novel and ingenious, and the confrontation was natural, which reflected Wang Anshi's rigorous and skillful diction.
Such a quiet and open scenery makes the poet feel relaxed and deeply intoxicated, even forgetting the troubles and disputes in the world. As if to blend in with the scene in front of us, the tail couplet shows the poet's feelings of forgetting himself and forgetting both things and me. In the sentence "I don't know who the guest is here", Li Bi quoted Xiangyang Ji: "Sima De wants to visit Pang Degong, and when he entered the room, he called De Weng's wife to make millet quickly. After a while, Deong came back and went straight into the picture. I don't know who the guest is. " The "guest host" in the poem refers to the author himself and the monks in the temple.
"Master Zhuangzi" said: "If you break your limbs, you will be able to understand. If you leave your body, you will know that you are on the same road. This is called sitting and forgetting. " He also said: "Dried fish on land in spring is better than forgetting each other in rivers and lakes." "Foreign Things" also said: "The speaker was so concerned that he forgot to speak proudly." It is pointed out that "forgetting" is a very high state of mind. The last sentence of this poem uses Zhuangzi's meaning: Taoist priests forget the existence of poets, and poets also forget to express their feelings in words. The implication is that the beautiful scenery and the charm of mountains and rivers can be seen. Only in this way can the poet's whole body and mind be integrated into the scene in front of him, so that he is infatuated and immersed in the unspeakable realm of ecstasy and ecstasy. At this point, the scenery has reached its peak. Although the conclusion only describes a feeling, it does not deviate from the theme of climbing the tower. Although the scenery is not described, it can be seen from it. Commenting on this poem in the "Poetry Review", he said: "There is a tendency to choke, and fate belongs to it." This is why this poem has become a famous sentence widely read by Wang Anshi.