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In the moonlight, a monk knocked at the door.
Jia Dao, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, wrote a five-rhythm poem named Li Ning's Seclusion: "Living in seclusion with few neighbors, the grass path becomes an empty garden. Birds are freely perched in the trees by the pool, and monks are knocking at the door. Walking across this bridge, you can see the charming scenery of Ye Yuan, and the feet of clouds seem to be moving on the floating rocks. Come back here temporarily, and you will realize your words during the quiet period. " One day, Jia Dao went to the capital Chang 'an to visit his friend Li Ning and rode a donkey in the street. He wrote this poem casually, including two sentences: "Birds perch on trees by the pool, and monks push the moon down the door." Jia Dao felt that the word "push" in the poem was not properly used. He wants to change the word "push" to "knock", but he doesn't know which word is good at the moment.
So, while thinking, I repeatedly pushed the door and knocked at the door with my hand. Pedestrians in the street were surprised to see Jia Dao's expression. The poet Jia Dao was so absorbed that he bumped into the sedan chair of Jing, a famous essayist and poet Han Yu, and was immediately taken to Han Yu. Jia Dao quickly saluted Han Yu and told him the poem he had just received from the donkey, because he was absorbed in thinking and could not avoid it.
After hearing this, Han Yu thought deeply for a while, and then said, "Knock!"! When everything is asleep and there is no sound, knocking at the door highlights the dead of night. "Jia Dao repeatedly thank humbly, poem named" monk knocking at the door ". (Tiaoxi Fishing Hidden before Conghua)
The word "scrutiny" commonly used in literature comes from the story of Jia Dao, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, who tempered his poems, and it has been used ever since.
02
Ten thousand mu can't stand the cold, and plum trees absorb the vitality of underground heating.
In the old Zita Law tree, a branch opened last night.
The wind is too fragrant to disappear, and the bird can see the plain face.
I will be alone next year, and I will start to reflect on Chuntai.
? Zheng Gu, a poet of the Five Dynasties, changed the poem "Early Plum" for Miracle, and changed "in the former village, how many branches were opened last night" to "in the former village, one was opened last night". This subtraction problem is well done, and "one branch" is the first, which shows that it is early. China ancient people's logic training usually failed, but Zheng Gu made the logic of logic come in handy, so it was valuable.
03
Yunshan is grey, and the rivers and seas are vast.
Gentleman's wind, the mountain is high and the water is long!
? Fan Zhongyan, a writer and politician in the Northern Song Dynasty, was relegated to Zhou Mu, Ming Dow, Song Renzong. He built an ancestral temple for Yan Ziling, a hermit in the Eastern Han Dynasty, and inscribed "Mr. Yan's Ancestral Temple", expressing deep respect. There are four lyrics in the article: "Yunshan is grey, the rivers and seas are boundless, and the virtue of a gentleman is long." When he writes this article, please consult with his friend Li Taibo for the sake of prudence. Li Taibo is knowledgeable and sincere. He appreciates the conception and writing of Mr. Yan's Ancestral Temple. The only point he raised for discussion was the word "virtue" of "virtue of a gentleman". He thinks it's a little too straightforward and shallow, so it's better to change it to "wind". "Wind" has the meaning of style, elegance and charm, and it also has the meaning of elegance, quietness and leisure. After reading the reply, Fan Zhongyan expressed his appreciation for the word "Yi".
04
Fortunately, it is safe;
Jiangnan killed Lao Shangshu casually.
? Zhang Dai, a gifted scholar in the Ming Dynasty, also recorded a story of changing poetry in Night Sailing. Chu Xiao read Zhang Yong's poem "I hate Taiping alone, and Jiangnan kills old ministers casually". It is not proper to say "hate" in person, but it should be changed to "luck". The world is at peace and the country is at peace. This is a blessing. Why hate it? Chu Xiao's implication is that your brother is tired of world peace and wants to make more troubles in the world. This heroic complex is not desirable. Zhang Yong is a wise man and deeply grateful for Chu Xiao's tactful criticism.
05
One hook will be enough tomorrow,
In addition, the brightness is full of ten points.
? Shen Baozhen, a government official in the late Qing Dynasty, was Lin Zexu's nephew and son-in-law. When he was young, he was good at calligraphy and chanting. Once, he wrote a poem about the moon and got a quip, "One hook is enough for tomorrow, why is it full of ten points?" He is very complacent. Lin Zexu also appreciated these two poems, but he praised them repeatedly, always feeling that the realm of the poems was limited and there were shortcomings, so he changed the word "one hook is enough for tomorrow, let alone full of glory" to make the realm of the poems more open and meaningful.
From this point of view, no matter how high or low the official position is, no matter how old, no matter how knowledgeable people are, they also have knowledge that they don't understand. No matter how smart a person is, he will be lost if he has more concerns; A fool may give advice to a wise man. In fact, it also shows that everyone has something to learn. On the other hand, we need to learn from others what we don't have, and we should be cautious about what we have. Things are constantly developing and changing, and existing experience only works in specific situations. Therefore, learning with an open mind is always true, and it is also the embodiment of personal good quality.