First, the ideological nature of Zhijie's poems
"Poetry expresses ambition". All forms of literary works are for expressing one's heart, and poetry, as the highest form of literature, is no exception. As far as expression is concerned, poetry is more profound and refined, catchy, profound and implicit, concise and sincere, vivid and vivid, attractive and thought-provoking, which is incomparable to other art forms. These poems written by Zhijie are all emotional, full of thoughts and feelings, and there is no suspicion of moaning and romance. Every poem has a clear theme. The poem "Sleeping in the Fisherman" is about the association and imagination of fishermen fishing in the quiet night. Fishermen cut waves and fight against the wind and waves. This kind of association and imagination, accompanied by roaring waves, has been dreaming for a long time. Through association and imagination, he expressed his praise for the fisherman's struggle with the wind and waves, and also showed his love and sympathy for the fisherman. The poem "Idle in the Yard" describes the quiet reading of poetry books on an autumn moonlit night, expressing the love and concentration for reading. Poetry uses the proposition of "leisure" This "leisure" is not lazy leisure, nor boring leisure, but elegant leisure with interest and prospect. Freedom of time, freedom of thought and freedom of action are leisure. Poetry expresses the love of "leisure" and tells us that if people want to have fun and live a wonderful life, they must make a difference in leisure. The poem "Deep Mourning for Mr. Fu Jinmei" expresses sincere praise for Mr. Fu Jinmei's noble character and heartfelt condolences for his unfortunate death. Love is deep and positive, deeply infected. "To Mr. Yang Zunyi" wrote that Mr. Yang Zunyi was enthusiastic about archaeology and writing after his retirement, got up early for archaeology and writing, contributed to the building of Chinese civilization with a long history, and wrote a new historical spring and autumn with rafter-like brushwork, expressing his praise and admiration for Mr. Yang Zunyi. "Yuewa Temple Nostalgia for the Past (Two Poems)" reflects on the prosperity of Yuewa Temple in the past, laments the ruins, residual bricks and drums now, and expresses the idea of being calm, facing reality, disregarding fame and fortune and being indifferent to life. Congratulations on a Friend's Newlyweds depicts the festive scenes of relatives and friends by setting off the festive scenes, and expresses the wishes and expectations for the newlyweds. Tianhe Mountain Tour (Two Poems) expresses admiration for the beautiful scenery of Tianhe Mountain by describing the characteristic scenery of Tianhe Mountain. A trip to the sand (five windmills) is about gathering friends, wandering in the south, northern Xinjiang, Zhao Yan and Taihang, looking for a quiet history in drizzle, breeze and bright moon, exploring ancient times, singing and dancing together, breaking waves and flying boats. By reviewing the outstanding achievements of poets from all directions in the province, it expresses the happy mood and elegance of "taking advantage of wisdom" and "not seeking fame" In addition to the poems mentioned above, other poems have clear ideas and distinct themes.
Second, the artistry of Zhijie's poems
Life is the source of all art forms. The theme of poetry also comes from real life. Even reciting history and remembering ancient poems cannot be separated from thinking about reality. Zhijie's poems are all based on real life. She observes life carefully, is familiar with it, and understands it deeply and thoroughly. She is good at grasping the most representative things, scenery and scenes in life, expressing her cognition, views and opinions on real life appropriately, centrally and emphatically, and her feelings are sincere and strong. For example, Sleeping in the Fisherman, typical things are dusk clouds, small yards, quiet nights and the sound of waves; "Courtyard leisure" is under the vine, bamboo curtain, outside the corridor, bamboo shadow, blue window, poetry book and bright moon; "Spring Day" is tender willow, pond, spring water and tung flower; "To Mr. Yang in Zunyi" is a story about a dilapidated building, a temple, a pagoda tree, a sunset glow and Bai Ou. "Memorial to 4.29 Martyrs Cemetery" is a monument, a pine and cypress, a green tomb and a symbol. "thorn" is thunder, snow, drizzle, smoke and wind, courtyard; Summer Leisure is about white clouds, old trees, herbs, articles, poems and so on. These are the most representative and typical things, which are closely linked with real life. Writing poetry must be based on reality, otherwise it will be water without a source and wood without a root. Poetry is indispensable for association, imagination and exaggeration, and sometimes it is mostly illusory, but no matter how illusory it is, it cannot be completely divorced from reality. Zhijie's poems are mostly realistic, close to reality, close to life and close to the masses, which highlights the realistic tradition in China since the Book of Songs, folk songs, Wei, Jin, Tang and Song Dynasties.
Zhijie's forty-two poems include six four-line poems, four five-line poems and thirty-two seven-line poems. These poems are all written in Pingshui rhyme, which shows the maturity and perfection of Pingshui rhyme writing skills. The antithesis in metrical poems, such as "Bing Xin has a dream, the moon is swaying in the breeze", "The leaves are thin and the flowers in the chrysanthemum garden are fragrant", "The case is like a new book, and the door is still empty", "I have exhausted my blood, and I only have two sleeves", "I am looking for residual tiles in the morning dew and exploring the old building at dusk", "I am drunk with amber relatives and friends, and I am in love with * * * Lotus" and "Huang" Eternal elegy moves Kyushu "and so on.
Zhijie is rich in vocabulary and writes poems with ease. No matter how to draw materials, conceive, conceive, plot, layout, create atmosphere and artistic conception, he is handy and just right. For example, in spring, you can use the word "wrinkle" for "half-soup spring is wrinkled by the wind" and the word "happy" for "nothing to amuse your grandson", but it is not as accurate as "wrinkle" and "happy". Because the levels and rhymes in the poem are very accurate, it is forceful and catchy to read. There is no strange language in the poem, and there is no danger of blaming the ancient language. Instead, you can see the strangeness in the plain and the elegance in the plain. All the poems are harmonious, smooth, fresh and natural, giving people a deep impression. The five pulley poems "Autumn Night-Teacher Zhou from China, India and China" seize the autumn season, closely focus on the theme, and write what they saw, heard and felt in autumn in euphemistic and plain words. The language is coherent and lingering, like a tinkling stream and a string of pleasing pearls, which gives people beautiful enjoyment and edification.
Third, the enlightenment of Zhijie's poems to us
The enlightenment of Zhijie's poems is various. First of all, we should make clear the purpose of writing poetry, what content poetry should write, what form it should be written, how to write it, and what poetry should explain and express. This involves the selection of materials, conception, conception and the tempering of words. We should follow the principle of "three closeness" and keep pace with the times, just as Bai Juyi said, "Articles should be combined with the times, poetry should be combined with things", and realism and romanticism should reflect the trend and spirit of the times.
Second, we should make great efforts to hammer words and refine sentences. No good poem can be accomplished overnight, and it must be revised repeatedly. In a sense, poetry is not written, but revised. We should have the tenacious will and spirit of Du Fu's "breaking a few words for the sake of stability", "worrying about beautiful words for human nature, and endless amazing words" and Jia Dao's "two sentences for three years, one song and two tears". You can't rush to success when writing poetry. Only by making great efforts to temper words and phrases can we write good poems.
Third, we should deeply understand the meaning of "time transcends poetry". "Merit is beyond poetry" is a sentence that Lu You taught his son to write poetry. This sentence means that when writing poetry, you should work hard on life outside poetry, not on other people's poems. Life is the source of poetry creation. Only by observing life carefully and deeply can you write a good poem. Other people's poems are other people's observations and feelings, and cannot replace their own observations and feelings. Other people's poems can be used for reference, and beginners can imitate them, but they cannot imitate them blindly. You can use other people's poems, but you should be creative and innovative in application. Poetry is a very personal thing. Poems without individuality, creativity and originality will be like parrots, vague or illusory, and will not be good poems.
Fourth, "the article looks at the mountain and does not like peace." When writing poetry, we should pay attention to creating artistic conception, make the realm broad, vigorous and elegant, pay attention to implication, and try to avoid being plain or boring. Poetry should be rich in connotation, full of interest and give people beautiful enjoyment. We should learn how to write "Fu, Bi and Xing" in The Book of Songs and folk songs. Poetry can be profound and obscure, or simple and easy to understand. Profound and obscure poems are not necessarily good poems, and simple and easy-to-understand poems are more easily accepted and circulated by the public.
Fifth, we should pay attention to the balance and rhyme of poetry. Rhyme (including five rhymes, seven rhymes and arrangement rhymes) can be written with horizontal rhyme or new rhyme; You can write a metrical poem that pays attention to antithesis and flatness, or you can write a free style that doesn't pay attention to antithesis and flatness, that is, ancient style. But no matter how you write, you should pay attention to flatness and rhyme. Poetry can only be cadenced and catchy if it is smooth and accurate in rhyme.
Speech 2 of the 2020 Poetry Symposium was informed by the conference organizer that I should give a speech at today's conference. The content of my speech has not been decided yet, but I'd better talk about my own experience in writing poems.
At first glance, this requirement is good. It is nothing more than summing up my experience in writing poems for many years, talking to myself, and then talking about it. Without any theoretical elaboration, it is better to write theoretical articles rigorously. But when you think about it, it's not entirely true. Everyone here is an expert. How can you be so irrelevant in front of experts? Say it well, the theme of the speech should also be positive energy.
In fact, as a poet, everyone knows that it is almost a joke to talk about the experience of writing poems in front of Fang. What are we talking about? Is it about writing poetry? Or talk about the angle of writing poetry? Or the arrangement of a poem, or even the rational use of a group of words? In fact, there is no such competition in writing poetry. If there is such a competition, where will you write poems that are read by people? Of course, this does not mean that every good poem is done in one go, and good poems will inevitably be revised. This is a truth that all poets understand. Where is the experience?
I have always believed that the so-called experience should be unique and unrepeatable. Some skills and writing methods that people learn in communication, reading and class belong to the category of knowledge and are the result of some experience popularization. Experiencing the true soul is very personal, and it is a unique feeling and understanding of the things and situations experienced by people. All the skills you can learn are down-to-earth skills. Even the skill itself, if you want to use it reasonably and differently, you can't do without its human nature and innate nature. Otherwise, the so-called skills you have learned will become familiar, and familiarity will easily slide to vulgarization, resulting in the sameness of expression in articles or poems. No matter how good the ingredients are, it is a practice, which will also spoil the appetite of diners.
So, don't I really have any experience related to poetry to sum up? Of course, but those experiences have nothing to do with writing poetry, but with my state before writing poetry and my behavior after writing poetry.
For example, I have the desire to write poetry, but I can't get into the state. I will invite my poetry friends to have tea and chat, and discuss a poem of someone in the chat to show my opinion; Or read a friend's poem repeatedly and arrange to play a sentence-by-sentence structure; Or change the position of a word before and after, and discuss different artistic effects with poets after changing positions.
Even, I didn't read poems or articles for a long time before writing poems, only focused on the theme of the poems I wanted to write, gnashing my teeth and scribbling left and right; Or let go of thinking for a period of time, enter the daily life, wait for the inspiration of a certain moment, the arrival of the poet, and become a poem. Of course, it is better to talk about it here as a whole set of problems than as experience.
Then there is my failure experience, that is, I didn't learn to promote myself earlier and I was not afraid of blushing. No one will actively recommend you to the poetry world for no reason. You have to work hard by yourself, not only to write good poems with characteristics and styles, but also to take part in various poetry activities without losing time. Contribute more, not afraid of editing; Participate in more award-winning activities, not afraid that your work will not be shortlisted; Participate in poetry commemoration activities more, and don't be afraid of being left out because of your anonymity; Don't miss the opportunity to speak, the right to speak is the best means of self-promotion.
Zhang Ailing once said, "Be famous early"; Ma Yun said, "It is best to have a dream. What if it is realized? " .
Poets should be more arrogant, less arrogant and abandon kitsch, but what I said above is not like experience, but more like black humor, which is suspected of sarcasm. But this is the reality, and I don't need to prove it with examples.
Of course, nothing is absolute, and the so-called experience is limited to my personal feelings. Actually, what I said above is not empirical at all.
The only experience is to believe in yourself, believe in your own poetic ideas, and not be influenced by various poetic views. There is no reason to write poetry.