Du Fu
Flowers are close to tall buildings and far away from my hometown. I am very sad. There are disasters everywhere in this country, so I climbed up to see them.
The spring scenery of Jinjiang flooded in, and the clouds on the mountain, ancient, varied and changeable.
The imperial court, like the North Star, will not change in the end, and the Western Hills of Kohl will not invade Tibet.
Alas, the ruler and emperor of Shu are still enjoying sacrifices in the temple, and I will recite Liang Yinfu in the evening.
(Note ① Lei Yu: The name of the mountain is Maoru, which is in today's Sichuan. ② North Pole: Polaris refers to the Tang Dynasty. ③ Mountain Thief in the Western Regions: refers to Tubo. 4 Yin: Yuefu poems that Zhuge Liang liked to read before he met Liu Bei.
(1) Summarize the contents of the couplets and necklaces of this poem respectively, and talk about the poet's feelings in them. (5 points)
⑵ What kind of expression is used for the tail combined transport? What thoughts and feelings did the poet express? (5 points)
(3) How does this poem express the author's feelings of going upstairs to see the scenery? (2 points)
(4) The poet thinks that the two couplets in the middle of the whole poem are the most emotional, so please appreciate their uniqueness from the perspective of the relationship between emotion and scenery. (4 points)
(5) The author of this poem went upstairs to express his feelings. Please combine the first couplet of this poem to explain the author's feelings. (2 points)
(6) What artistic techniques are mainly used in the last two sentences of this poem? And make a brief evaluation (3 points)
Reference answer:
(1) The couplet is about the vast and distant natural scenery, and the necklace is about the turbulent situation of the country; (2 points) Entrust the feelings of ancient and modern vicissitudes and pray for a long-term national luck. (3 points)
(2) Using allusions (borrowing the ancient to satirize the present). (1 min) ① Insulting the king, reusing evil spirits and confusing the country; (2 points) (2) Express your feelings of depression and self-denial that you are empty but unable to serve your country. (2 points)
(3) Expressed the poet's helplessness and sadness over the diplomatic difficulties and disasters of the imperial court.
(4) Express your feelings immediately, integrate natural scenery, national tragedy and personal feelings, write about the relationship between mountains and rivers and the changes of society through the ages, and talk about the characteristics of mutual penetration and tolerance of personnel with the help of natural scenery.
(5) One is the author's sadness about his experience in a foreign country, and the other is his anxiety about the country when he sees many disasters.
(6) allusion is the main artistic technique. The last two sentences of this poem mainly quote two allusions of Liu Chan and Zhuge Liang. Using the allusion of the late Lord is mainly to express his concern about the state rulers' heavy use of eunuchs, which led to the difficulty of state affairs and the invasion of Tubo. He used Zhuge Liang's allusions to express his sadness of no distractions and dedication.
This is an impromptu poem that shows the poet's feelings. (2 points)
A: It shows the poet's concern about the future and destiny of the country, and his ambition to follow Zhuge Liang's example to assist the court and his sadness in serving the country. (That's right)
What are the advantages of the words "come" and "change" in the sentence "The silk river with bright spring is floating between heaven and earth, like a cloud of jade peaks, from ancient times to the present"? (3 points)
A: "Lai" means that the lush spring scenery on both sides of Jinjiang is overwhelming, setting off the spring scenery of Jinjiang, which makes people feel shocked and shows the poet's praise for the mountains and rivers of the motherland. "Change" means "change", which means that the floating clouds in Leiyushan are unpredictable from ancient times to the present (floating clouds turn into pale dogs, and things turn into mulberry fields like the sea), which shows the poet's yearning for national history. (That's right)
9. In Du Fu's "Climbing the Building", the author used "Jinjiang spring comes to the sky, like a cloud of jade peaks, between ancient and modern times." Two sentences describe what he saw and heard when he went upstairs.
10 Du Fu's poem "Climbing the Building" borrows the past from the present to express the poet's concern for the country and the people, and in the twilight, he regrets the sorrow of the long-lost emperor. I sang the song that his prime minister sang before he was born in the mountains.
1 1, "Climbing the Building" depicts the magnificent mountains and rivers of the motherland with great momentum, and the sentence expressing nostalgia for national history is: "Jinjiang comes in spring, like a cloud of jade peaks, between ancient and modern times.
Rhyme translation
Going upstairs to look at the spring and seeing flowers and wanderers is getting more and more sad;
It is difficult for Wanfang to be full of worries. I'm here to board the plane.
The spring scenery of Jinjiang comes from the edge of heaven and earth;
The clouds in Leiyushan are unpredictable from ancient times to the present.
The court of Datang is really as unshakable as Polaris;
Tubo Yidimo came to harass the futile invasion again.
It's a pity that Liu was so stupid that he set up a temple to worship;
At dusk, I will learn from Kong Ming and sing Fu Liang.
Appreciate:
This is a poem with a sense of time and concern for things. The author wrote about going upstairs to see the boundless spring scenery, and he couldn't help but feel sad when he thought of the once-in-a-lifetime and changeable situation. Then I think the imperial court is as unshakable as the Arctic constellation. Even if Tubo invades, it is difficult to change people's orthodoxy. Finally, it reveals the ambition of imitating Zhuge Liang to assist the court, which is full of the spirit of clarifying the world.
The first couplet mentioned the whole article, "Ten thousand people are so difficult", which is the starting point for the whole poem to write scenery and express emotions. At such a difficult time, the poet who left his hometown was full of worries and boarded the building. Although the flowers are dazzling, the poet is sad, sad and heartbroken for the national disaster. Flowers hurt the guest's heart, which is the same as "where petals flow like tears" ("Spring Hope"). In writing, first, it is an abnormal phenomenon for poets to be sad about flowers, and second, it is because of the difficulties of ten thousand parties, the cause and effect are reversed and the situation is abrupt; The word "boarding" leads to the following impression.
The natural landscape that the poet saw when he climbed the building described spectacular mountains and rivers, and Jinjiang and Lei Yu were what he saw when he climbed the building. The poet looks at the balcony from afar, and the water in Jinjiang rushes from the edge of heaven and earth. The spring scenery is vigorous, and the floating clouds on Lei Yu Mountain are floating up and down, just like the changes of the ancient and modern world, and the poet associates with the turbulent situation of the country. The first sentence broadens the horizon to space, and the second sentence is about the galloping and thinking of time, which is vast and vast, forming a vast and far-reaching realm including the universe through the ages, full of poets' praise for the mountains and rivers of the motherland and nostalgia for national history; Moreover, climbing high and overlooking, in all directions, he went to the northwest front alone, revealing the poet's infinite worries about the country and the people.
Ties talk about the general trend of the world, and "imperial court" and "bandits" are what the poet thought when he went upstairs. Polaris is located in the center of the northern sky, symbolizing the regime of the Tang Dynasty. The last sentence "Never change", which is opposite to the fourth sentence "Change from ancient times to modern times", comes from the fact that Tubo captured the capital the year before last, and the restoration of Daizong soon showed that the Tang Empire had a long history of luck. The next sentence of "bandits and thieves" and "invasion" further illustrates the second sentence of "ten thousand people are hard to be enemies" and tells the message of opposing Tubo's covetousness: "Don't invade in vain again!" Strict words, righteous words, full of pride and awe, and burning anxiety of firm belief.
William eulogized historical sites, satirized the bad king of the dynasty, and placed himself in the poet's personal arms. The latter, Liu Chan of Shu Han, prized eunuchs and finally perished; The main temple is outside the Jinmen Gate in Chengdu, with Wuhou Temple in the west and Houzhu Temple in the east. Fu Liangyin is a Yuefu poem that Zhuge Liang liked to read before he met Liu Bei. This poem, which is used to describe "going upstairs", contains the admiration for Zhuge Wuhou. The poet stood on the roof, hesitating. Soon the sun has set in the west, and in the boundless twilight, the temples of the first and second main temples in the south of the city are faintly visible. Thinking of the late emperor Liu Chan, the poet can't help but sigh: "Pity the country's death and the faint monarch, who is worthy of such a person as Zhuge Wuhou who lives in the harem and enjoys the incense of later generations!" This is Liu Chan's metaphor for Tang Daizong and Li Yu. Li Yu's heavy use of eunuchs Cheng and Yu Chaoen caused difficulties in state affairs and Tubo's invasion, which was very similar to Liu Chan's trust in Huang Hao and his subjugation. The difference is that the poet lived in an era when there was only a bad king like Liu and no saint like Zhuge Liang. The poet himself, with an empty heart to help the world, has no way to contribute. Wan Li's hometown, high-rise sunset, full of worries, but he can only rely on poetry to talk.
The whole poem expresses the feelings of the scene, writing about mountains and rivers is related to the changes of society through the ages, and talking about personnel with the help of natural scenery, mutual penetration and mutual tolerance; His ci is a combination of natural scenery, national tragedy and personal feelings, which is extensive and profound, and embodies the poet's gloomy artistic style.
The whole poem is lyrical about the scenery, describes the impression of climbing the stairs and looking far away, integrates mountains, rivers, places of interest and personal feelings, and has strong language and profound feelings, all from the perspective of space, reflecting the poet's depressed and frustrated artistic style. The word "near" in the first sentence and the word "dusk" in the last sentence play a prominent role in the conception of poetry. "Flowers near tall buildings" is a close-up view, while "Jinjiang", "Lei Yu" and "Houzhu Temple" are prospects. Sunset points out that the poet has been wandering for a long time. This technique of giving consideration to time and space enhances the three-dimensional sense of poetic artistic conception and broadens the realm of poetry's broadness and boldness. Poetry has always been highly praised by poets for its rigorous meter and neat antithesis. Shen Deqian thought that "the majestic weather and the caged universe are the highest realm of Du Fu's poetry.