Eight Notes of Yongzhou
Liu Zongyuan
His Travel Notes on the Xishan Banquet
I am a murderer and live in this state. Constant anxiety. If there is a time gap, then you can travel freely and travel long distances. One day, he and his disciples went up high mountains, into deep forests, and back to poor streams, where they could see secluded springs and strange rocks. When he arrives, he will sit on the grass, pour the pot and get drunk. When they are drunk, they lie down next to each other and dream. The meaning is extreme, and the dream is also of the same interest. When you wake up, you get up and when you get up, you return. I thought that any abnormality in the mountains and rivers of the state was due to me, but I didn't realize the strangeness of Xishan Mountain.
On September 28 this year, while sitting in the Western Pavilion of the Lotus and looking at the Western Mountains, I began to notice something different. Then he ordered his servants to cross the Xiangjiang River, dye the edge of the stream, chop the hazelnuts, burn the grass, and go up to the high mountains. If you climb up with a hand and fly with a skipper, all the soil in several states will be under the quilt. Its high and low momentum is as complicated as a cave, thousands of miles in size, and there is no way to escape. The sky is green and white, and the outside and the sky are the same. Then I realized that this mountain is unique and not in the same category as Peiyuan. It is as long and graceful as Hao Qi, but it cannot reach its end. It is as if it is swimming with the Creator and does not know its end. When the wine is filled with wine, one becomes slumped and drunk, unaware of the sun. The pale twilight comes from afar, until I can't see anything, but I still don't want to go back. The heart condenses the form and merges with all things. Then I realized that I had not started to swim towards it, but it had just begun, so I wrote about it with ambition. It is the fourth year of Yuanhe.
The story of Zuojuntan
Zhuanjuntan is in western Shanxi. At the beginning, Gairan water rushed from the south, reached the rocks, and twisted and flowed eastward. It was steep and steep, and the swings became more violent and nibbled at its ends. Therefore, it was wide on the sides and deep in the middle, and stopped when it reached the rocks. The foam formed a wheel, Then walk slowly. It is clear and flat, and has ten acres. It is surrounded by trees and suspended by springs.
There are people living on it, so they are in urgent need of a visit. Once the money comes to the door, they say: "I can't bear the accumulation of official rent and private bonds. Since I have moved to the mountain, I am willing to trade in the fields on the pond." Wealth can alleviate disaster."
It is as good as it sounds. Then worship its platform, extend its sill, and walk its spring to the high one and fall into the pool, and there will be a murmuring sound. It is especially suitable to watch the moon during the Mid-Autumn Festival, so as to see how high the sky is and how different the energy is. Who is happy to live in a foreign country and forget his homeland? Isn't this a good place for him?
Record of Drilling on the West Hill of Juntan Lake
Eight days after reaching Xishan Mountain, I searched for the northwest path of the mountain pass for 200 steps, and found Drilling Tank. Twenty-five steps to the west of the pool, the ones that are dredged by the rapids are fish beams. There are hills above the beams, with bamboo trees growing there. There are almost countless people whose rocks suddenly trembled in anger, carried the earth and came out, creating strange shapes. The ones that rush down in a row are like cattle and horses drinking in the stream; the ones that rush up in rows are like bears climbing up the mountain. A hill is not as small as an acre, it can be contained in a cage. Asked its owner, he said: "The Tang family abandoned the land, but the goods were not for sale." When asked about the price, he said: "Only four hundred." I sold it out of pity. Li Shenyuan and Yuan Keji traveled together at the same time, and they were all overjoyed. It was unexpected. That is to say, he took out more tools, shoveled the filthy grass, cut down the bad trees, and burned them with fierce fire. The beautiful trees are standing, and the beautiful bamboos are exposed. Strange rocks appear. Looking from it, one can see the height of the mountains, the floating clouds, the flowing streams, and the flying birds and beasts. Lying down on the mat, the cold and cold state corresponds to the eyes and ears, the bright and clear sound corresponds to the ears, the leisurely and imaginary one corresponds to the divine counsel, the deep and quiet one corresponds to the mind's counsel. Those who arrive in a different place within a few days may not be able to get there even though they are people who love the past.
Hey! With the victory of Ziqiu, the Feng, Hao, Hu, and Du, the nobles and tourists will compete to buy it, and the gold will increase day by day, and it will become more and more impossible to get it. Now this state has been abandoned, and the farmers and fishermen have passed over it and it is poor. There are four hundred houses, which cannot be sold for consecutive years. However, Shen Yuan and Ke Ji are the only ones who enjoy it, but the consequences will be unfortunate! The writing is on the stone, so what happened to Heziqiu.
A Journey to Xiaoshitan in the West of Xiaoqiu
Walking a hundred and twenty steps west of Xiaoqiu, across a bamboo field, I heard the sound of water, like a ring, and felt very happy. After cutting bamboo, we took the road and saw a small pool at the bottom. The water was especially clear and cold. The whole stone is used as the bottom, and when it is near the shore, it is rolled up from the bottom to form a dike, an islet, a ridge, and a rock. Green trees and green vines are covered with swaying winds, scattered and scattered.
There are hundreds of fish in the pond, but they all seem to be swimming in the air and have nothing to rely on. The sun is clear, and the shadows are spread on the rocks, but they are motionless; they are far away, flitting back and forth, as if they are enjoying themselves with tourists.
Looking southwest of the pond, you can see the twists and turns of snakes, and the light and death can be seen. Its shores are so different from each other that its origin cannot be known.
Sitting on the pool, surrounded by bamboo trees, it was lonely and desolate, feeling desolate and desolate. Because the place was too clear to live in for a long time, I remembered it and left.
Travelers: Wu Wuling, Gong Gu, Yu Di Zongxuan. Those who followed were Cui's Erxiaosheng: "Forgive yourself" and "Fengyi".
Memories of the Yuan Family
Ten miles along the water from the southwest of Ranxi River, there are five desirable landscapes, none of which is the Drilling Pool. From the mouth of the stream to the west, we can travel by land. The best options are eighty-nine, most of which are Xishan. Traveling by water from the southeast of Chaoyang Rock to Wujiang River, there are three options, none of which are Yuanjia Thirst. They are all beautiful and strange places forever.
In the dialect between Chu and Yue, the backflow of water is called "thirst". The top of the thirst is combined with the high peak of Nanguan, and the bottom is combined with Baijiase. Among them, there are small streams in Chongzhou, clear pools, shallow rivers, and twists and turns. The flat ones are dark ink, and the steep ones are boiling white. If the boat travels slowly, it will suddenly become endless.
There is a hill out of the water, all with beautiful rocks and green bushes growing on them, which is always beautiful in winter and summer. There are many rock words beside it, there are many white gravels under it, there are many trees including maple, heather and camphor pomelo, and the grass is orchid. There are also strange flowers, similar to those of acacia, growing over the trees and hanging on the water and rocks.
Every wind comes down from the four mountains, vibrating the big trees, covering the grass, red and green, and fragrant, rushing the waves and swirling, retreating into the valley, shaking the lush grass, and passing by with time . Most of them are like this, and there are countless others.
Yongzhi people have never traveled around, and the rest of them dare not focus on it, so they go out and pass it on to the world. Its landowner is the Yuan family. Hence the name.
The Story of the Stone Canal
Since I was thirsty, I could not walk a hundred steps southwest, but I reached the stone canal and the people's bridge on it. There is a spring that is quiet and quiet, and its sound is sometimes loud and sometimes soft. The width of the canal may be close to a foot, or it may be twice as wide, and its length may be ten steps. The flow reached the big rock and fell out from under it. Going over the stone, there is a pool of stone, covered with prosperous pudding, and surrounded by fresh greenery. Then he turned west and fell under a rock, then fell into a small pool in the north. The area of ??the pond has been reduced by a hundred feet, and it is clear and deep, with many swift fishes. Then he went to the north and wandered for a long time. His gaze seemed to be endless, but he suddenly became thirsty. On its sides are treacherous rocks, strange trees, strange flowers, and beautiful arrows, which can be lined up to sit in a row. The wind shakes its top and rhymes the cliffs and valleys. Seeing is quiet, hearing is far away.
I got it from Zhou Mu. Take away the decayed shadows and remove the earth and rocks. They will be worshiped and burned, and they will be full of fragrance. It's a pity that it has not yet been passed down, so I keep a record of its belongings, leave it to the person, and write down its Yang, so that the good people in the future can find it easily.
On the eighth day of the first lunar month of the seventh year of Yuanhe, the Ying Canal reached Dashi. On October 19th, after crossing the stone, I found the Shihong Xiaotan, and the beauty of the canal began to end.
The Story of Shijian
The Shiqu canal is so poor that it goes from the northwest of the bridge to the shadow of the earth mountain, and the people have no bridge. The water is as big as one third of the stone canal, with a flat stone base and reaches both ends. It's like a bed, like a hall, like a table, like a banquet. It is spread horizontally on it, flowing like weaving and sounding like playing a harp. After uncovering the ground and going there, he broke off the bamboos, swept away the old leaves, and cleared out the rotten wood, so that he could live in a bed of eighteen or nineteen people. The flow of communication and the exciting sounds are all under the bed; the water with green feathers and the stones with dragon scales all shade it. Did people in ancient times enjoy this? Will anyone who comes later be able to follow my example? The day of acquisition is the same as Shiqu.
Those who come from thirst first go to Shiqu and then Shijian; those who come from Baijiase go to Shijian first and then Shijian. The poorest people in the stream all come from the southeast of Shicheng Village, and there are only a few happy people among them. The deep mountains and secluded forests on it are steep and dangerous, and the road is extremely narrow.
Little Rock City Mountain Notes
From the west mountain road to the north across Huangmao Ridge, there are two roads: one goes out to the west, but nothing can be found; the other goes north and east. It is only forty feet long. The earth is divided into two rivers, and there are piled stones across the boundary. On top of it is the shape of a beam and a wooden beam; next to it is a fort, with a door like a door. When you look into the darkness, you throw a small stone into the hole, and you can hear the sound of water in the hole. The sound is very exciting and lasts for a long time. You can go up to the ring, but you can see far away. There are beautiful trees and beautiful arrows that grow without soil. They are strange and strong. The odd few are leaning forward, just like those used by wise men.
Hey! I have doubted whether the Creator has existed for a long time, and the more I think about it, the more I believe it exists. Also blame them for being barbarians who are not listed as Zhongzhou, and they have not been able to sell their tricks for thousands of years. They are hard work but useless. If the gods are not suitable for this, then the results will be useless? Or it can be said: Those who comfort their husbands and virtuous people but humiliate them. Or it may be said: The spirit of Qi is not a great person but only a thing. Therefore, there are few people and many rocks in the south of Chu. I don't believe either of them.
Liu Zongyuan (773-819), courtesy name Zihou, was a native of Hedong (now Yongji, Shanxi). The young man is extremely smart, and the young man is Wen Zhuowei, who is exquisite and highly respected by his generation. In the ninth year of Zhenyuan (793), he became a Jinshi. He also graduated from Bo Xue Hong Ci and was awarded Zhengyu of Jixian Hall. Tiao Lan Tianwei and paid homage to the censor. He, Liu Yuxi and others participated in the Wang Shuwen Group's political reform activities. During the reign of Emperor Shunzong, he was a member of the Ministry of Officials and Ceremonies, Wai Lang. After Wang Shuwen failed, he was demoted to Yongzhou Sima. Ten years later, he was transferred to Liuzhou governor and died in the demoted office. It is known as Liuliuzhou or Liuhedong. There is "The Complete Works of Liu Hedong". Liu Zongyuan was an outstanding poet in the mid-Tang Dynasty. His poems are quiet, clear and pure, "the hair is thicker than the simplicity of ancient times, and the taste is in the indifference". (Su Shi's "After Collection of Poems of Huang Zisi") Prose is as famous as Han Yu. He is both listed as the Eight Great Masters of the Tang and Song Dynasties. In the 21st year of Zhenyuan (805), Xianzong succeeded to the throne with the support of Fang Zhen and the eunuchs. Shunzong, who presided over the reform, was imprisoned, and the Yongzhen Reform Group failed. Wang Shuwen and Wang were demoted and killed, and key members Han Ye, Han Tai, Chen Jian, Liu Zongyuan, Liu Yuxi, Ling Zhun, Cheng Yi, Wei Zhiyi, etc. were demoted to Bianzhou Sima. This is the famous "Two Kings and Eight Sima Incident" in history. . Liu Zong was demoted to Shaozhou Governor at Yuanshi, but he was not half-dao, and was later demoted to Yongzhou Sima. Ten years later, Fang moved to Liuzhou and became the governor of Liuzhou. Yongzhou, now Lingling of Hunan Province, was an undeveloped area in the Tang Dynasty, remote and desolate. The state Sima was only a nominal position to place exiled officials. As an innovator with lofty political ambitions, Liu Zongyuan was in such a situation and was always worried about being severely persecuted. It is conceivable that he felt depressed and distressed. It can be said that the ten years in Yongzhou were the most difficult, difficult, lonely and angry ten years in Liu Zongyuan's life. But as the saying goes, misfortune lies behind blessings, and blessings lie behind misfortune. These ten years of poverty, In this environment and in this mood, Liu Zongyuan's gloomy talents were strongly stimulated. His speeches were all pathos and moving, including fables, landscape travel notes and narratives. All have achieved the most glorious and outstanding achievements in their entire lives. "Eight Notes of Yongzhou", "Snake Catcher's Story", "Three Commandments", "Anecdotes of Captain Duan"... These represent Liu Zongyuan's highest achievements and are famous chapters in the history of prose. They were all written in this remote and lonely Yongzhou. . Fortunately and misfortune, there is nothing to say! "Who knows that the poison of Fu Lian is a snake!" - "The Snake Catcher" In the sixty years from the Anshi Rebellion to the Yuanhe reign of Xianzong, the Li and Tang dynasties experienced historical changes of prosperity and decline. In order to squander enjoyment and cope with various crises, the ruling class did not hesitate to impose excessive taxes and plunder at will, causing the people to live in poverty and on the verge of despair. Taking Yongzhou as an example, during the reign of Xuanzong Tianbao there were more than 27,000 households and a population of 170,000. By the time of Suzong and Qianyuan, the number had dropped sharply to more than 6,000 households and 27,000 people.
This article describes a unique social phenomenon in Yongzhou: local farmers rush to catch venomous snakes in order to avoid losing taxes. Based on the experiences of the three generations described by the Yongzhou snake catcher Jiang, and using the poison of snakes and the poison of taxation as a contrast, it sharply reveals the cruelty of taxation since Tianbao, the ferocity of officials' taxation, and the serious suffering of the people. Three generations of the Chiang family were willing to risk their lives to catch venomous snakes rather than pay complicated taxes, and would rather be bitten to death by venomous snakes than endure the bullying of tax collectors. They used a unique perspective to profoundly and extensively reflect the harsh social reality of the time. . The author sums up this reality as "the poison of Fu Lian is like a snake". The article connects poisonous snakes with Fu Lian from beginning to end, using foil and contrast to advance step by step to highlight the theme. For example, at the beginning of the article, the description of the venom of strange snakes highlighted the hardships and misfortunes of three generations of the Jiang family in catching snakes. Out of sympathy, the author expressed his willingness to help exempt snakes from the hard labor of catching snakes and resume paying taxes. Not only did the Jiang family show no joy, but "Wang Ran cried", lamenting that the misfortune of catching snakes is not as bad as the misfortune of losing taxes. The article compares Chiang's misfortune of catching snakes with the misfortune of his neighbors who suffer from tax expropriation; it contrasts the scene of the powerful officials harassing the neighbors every day with Chiang's situation of "happy and happy" while offering snakes. Compare. In this way, the article not only expresses the venom of strange snakes and the pity of snake catchers, but also further reveals that Fu Lian is more terrible than venomous snakes, and the majority of ordinary farmers are more miserable than snake catchers. The last paragraph summarizes the central point with discussion and concludes the full text logically. The whole article is novel and natural in conception, compact and full of waves. "Lonely and uninhabited, the spirit is desolate and the bones are cold!" - "Eight Notes of Yongzhou" The mountains and rivers of Yongzhou are strange and majestic, and many places are still little-known. During the long and boring period of his sentence, Liu Zongyuan traveled around, searching for wonders and wonders, so as to broaden his horizons and gain spiritual comfort. The famous "Eight Notes of Yongzhou" is the crystallization of travel under this mentality. "Eight Records of Yongzhou" includes in sequence "Travel Records of Xishan Banquet", "Records of Comu Pond", "Records of Xiaoqiu West of Comu Pond", "Records of Xiaoshi Pond West of Xiaoqiu", "Records of the Yuan Family's Thirst", "Records of the Yuan Family's Thirst", "The Story of Shiqu", "The Story of Stone Stream", "The Story of Xiaoshicheng Mountain", etc., the eight stories are independent and interconnected, forming an organic whole. On the one hand, Ba Ji accurately reproduces the beautiful landscape scenery, making readers feel as if they are actually there; on the other hand, it weaves in their own ups and downs and worries and anger, and their own figures appear everywhere, truly achieving a blend of scenes. , so that Yongzhou is enveloped in a rich and sad mood. "The Travel Notes of Shide Xishan Banquet". This article focuses on "beginning to get", uses concise and vivid language, vivid descriptions, and expresses what he sees and feels when he climbs to the top of Xishan Mountain. It warmly praises the uniqueness of Xishan Mountain and expresses the author's noble character and uniqueness. Get the pleasure of spiritual liberation in nature. At the beginning of the article, the author's worries and wanderings after being demoted revealed his situation and mood at that time, making the natural scenery in the pen closely integrated with the author's life experience, and forming a strong connection with the noisy and ugly social reality. of comparison. The author traveled among the mountains and rivers and visited the strange mountains and rivers of Yongzhou. He "thought that all the strange things in the mountains and rivers of the state were mine". However, he "did not realize the strangeness of Xishan Mountain". Next, I will write about the discovery of Xishan Mountain and the journey to Xishan Mountain, focusing on what I saw and felt on the top of the mountain. Climbing high and looking at it, you will see that its heights are like mountains and valleys, thousands of miles in size, and there is no chance of escape. The sky is green and white, and the outside is the same as the sky. Then I realized that this is the peculiarity of the mountain and is not the same as Pei. It's as long and leisurely as Haoqi, but it doesn't know where it ends; it's like wandering with the Creator, but it doesn't know where it ends. The author's description does not directly focus on the scenery of the West Mountain itself, but focuses on depicting the distant scenery that comes into view when climbing up based on the principle of perspective. Through the mutual contrast between them and the rendering of vivid metaphorical colors, it forms a gorgeous and colorful picture. The green and white landscape pictures. The author has lofty political ambitions and a noble character that is not attached to power. His repeated exaggeration, deliberate exaggeration, and enthusiastic praise of Xishan's peculiarities are the self-expression of his noble character that persists in standing tall in the face of adversity. Faced with such a beautiful scenery, the author "sips a glass of wine and drinks, slumps and gets drunk, unaware of the sun coming in" until "the pale twilight comes from afar, until there is nothing to see but still doesn't want to go back. The heart is condensed and the shape is released, "Being in harmony with the universe." The author was often worried and full of anger. The author's fear, grief and anger were swept away by the feeling of being one with nature and transcending other things when he climbed to the top of Xishan Mountain, and he temporarily gained great spiritual relief. "The Story of Comutan" is the second chapter of "Eight Notes of Yongzhou". Coum Lake is shaped like an iron. At the beginning, "Comu Lake is in the west of Shanxi", only seven characters are used to highlight the title and explain the location of the lake, and connect it with the first article "Shi De Xishan Banquet Travel Notes". When the author writes about the pool, he first writes about the formation process of the pool, focusing on the two fights between water and stone. The author uses anthropomorphic descriptions to make water gain vitality and appear vivid and colorful. When water comes, it does not flow but rush. When writing about the fighting of water, it uses bite instead of erosion, which vividly expresses the unrelenting impact of water on the rocks. When writing about water flowing away, it is not necessary to flow, but to move slowly, as if you can see the peaceful and soothing rippling current. The pool water originates from Ranshui, and "rushes" down. It can be seen that the rapids are like arrows, rushing down thousands of miles. Suddenly he encountered a rock, so he resisted it twice. Because the stone had a backing, the water could only "bend and flow eastwards". Immediately, due to the "rugged and steep" favorable terrain, the water regained its strength and began to "swing", biting the edges of the rocks. Softness can overcome hardness, resulting in a pool that is "wide on the sides but deep in the middle".
It is nearly ten acres wide, with a calm surface and clear depth. It is surrounded by green trees and has springs flowing from high places. Its tranquility and elegance are in sharp contrast to the fierce fighting before. The author was so nostalgic about the beautiful scenery on the pond that he couldn't stop visiting it, which attracted the attention of residents who wanted to sell their land on the pond, so they came to sell their land. The author is "as happy as he says". After buying it, I started to renovate it. I had a panoramic view of the scenery on the pond, so I was happy to miss the land. The author was frustrated and demoted. He originally "didn't like living in the barbarians" and "didn't forget his homeland". But now because he got this pool, he was happy to live in the barbarians and forgot his homeland. This fully demonstrates the author's deep feelings for Coum Lake and his hometown. High praise for the scenery. However, the author is just enjoying the pain. On the surface, it is open-minded and relaxed, but on the inside, it is sad and sad. The wonderful scenery on the pond is full of desolation. "The Story of Xiaoqiu in the West of Comutan Lake" is the third chapter of "Eight Notes of Yongzhou". The main body of the situation of Comu Lake is water; the main body of the situation of Xiaoqiu is stone. The author focuses on describing the "strangeness" of the stone, and also uses anthropomorphic techniques. "Sudden anger Yan Jian" not only describes the shape of the stone, but also describes the attitude of the stone. Going one step further, using the word "bearing the soil and coming out", it also describes the movement of the stone. There are so many strange shapes of stones that it is of course impossible to describe them all, so two groups of them are cited as representatives, "The ones that are tired of each other and go down are like cows and horses drinking in the stream; the ones that rush up in rows. , "like a bear climbing on the mountain", vivid and detailed, it can be said that "the words are unexpected, but the description is supreme". However, such a beautiful and strange hill turned out to be the "abandoned land" of its owner. It was abandoned until the price was only 400, and it could not be sold for consecutive years. Xiaoqiu's suffering shocked the author's heart, so he took pity on it and bought it. After getting the hillock, "I immediately took out the tools, shoveled the filthy grass, cut down the filthy trees, and burned them with fire." This action of removing the filthy grass and trees was a hatred of the filthy grass and trees in nature, but it also conveyed the message. The author expresses his deep hatred for the evil forces in society! Making noises in the east and attacking in the west is just pointing at the mulberry tree and scolding the locust tree. After being cut and burned, the beautiful bamboos and rocks of Jiamu suddenly appeared in front of the new owner, and the hillock restored its natural and graceful appearance, and: Looking from it, you can see the height of the mountain, the floating clouds, the flow of the stream, and the birds and animals. When traveling around, he would show off his skills and perform tricks in order to imitate those under the hill. Lying down on the pillow, the clear and cold appearance is related to the eyes and ears, the sound is like the ears, the leisurely and imaginary thing is like the divine plan, the deep and still is like the heart plan, and the two are not only in a foreign place, but also the good people in ancient times, Even though I may not be completely satisfied, I can't help but sigh with emotion when I recall the process of discovering and obtaining the hillock. A hill is a hill. If it is placed in the imperial territory, it is a scenic spot. If it is placed in Yuanzhou, it is an abandoned place. The abandoned hillock, which "farmers passed by", was appreciated by the author and his friends, which completely changed his destiny. This was just a rare coincidence. In this way, the victory of Xiaoqiu is written in the first part, and the feeling of abandonment is written in the second part. After being happy, the scene is suddenly desolate, and in the turning point, there is only pity. The name is Xiaoqiu, but he is actually the author.
"A Journey to Xiaoshitan in the West of Xiaoqiu" is the fourth chapter of "Eight Records of Yongzhou". The author walked one hundred and twenty steps westward from the hill to the west of Coumu Pond, when he suddenly heard the sound of gurgling water coming from behind the bamboo forest, like a ring of jade rings, and couldn't help but feel "happy in his heart". After "cutting bamboo to take the road", we saw the clear water in the pond, the towering rocks, the green trees in the pond, and the swaying curtains. This was a scene that we saw with joy. After highlighting the small stone pond with fascinating words, the article then closely focuses on the sentence "the water is particularly clear" to start the description. First of all, he started writing on the stone characters to describe the shape of the small stone pool with "all stone as the bottom", and then wrote the reason why the water in the pool is clear. Then, using the techniques of describing virtuality in reality and movement in stillness, he reflects the clarity of the pond water by describing fish that "seem like they are swimming in space and have nothing to rely on." There is no word for water here, but the subject is expressed with the help of the object, making it give people a three-dimensional sense like a relief. At the same time, he described the clearness of the pond water, which also paved the way for the following words: "The environment was too clear to stay for a long time, so I just remembered it and left." Thus, he cleverly placed his depressed and frustrated mood at that time in the desolate and profound scenery. In the realm of nature. Then he took a closer look at the fish swimming in the clear pool; there were hundreds of fish in the pool, all of them as if they were swimming in nothing. The sun is clear, and the shadows are spread on the rocks. They are peaceful and motionless. They pass away far away and come and go, as if they are enjoying themselves with tourists. The fish in the pond are talking a lot, and their bodies are magical. Liu Wenjun is clean and pure, and he appears here. At this moment, it is like the state of Zhuangzi when he was watching fish, where things and I are one and the same, and he is blissfully forgetful. However, this happy mood changed. When he looked up to the southwest and looked at the water source, he saw that the water was twisting and turning, and the banks were intertwined. "It is impossible to know its source." There was a feeling of uncertainty and unfathomableness. At this time, he seemed to be shocked. It is no longer the lively scene that it once was, "draped with swaying curtains and draped unevenly", but appears "lonely and desolate, desolate and cold", and even left in a hurry because "the environment is too clear to stay for a long time" . ?This article is connected with the first three articles in terms of travel procedures, but it is more refined in describing the scenery and more subtle in expressing the mentality. Although "The Story of Little Rock Pond" is one of the eight stories with a brighter tone, you can still feel the desolate and depressive mood after reading it. "Yuan Jia Ke Ji" is the fifth chapter of "Eight Records of Yongzhou". This article first starts with the panoramic view of Yongzhou, and highlights the main object to be described in the article through the comparison and reflection between the guests and the host. The scenery of the Yuan family is scattered and colorful. The water has sounds, the mountains are colorful, the branches are sparse, and the flowers and leaves are swaying. Mountains, mountains, rivers, flowers, and grasses all become articles.
Such as describing the scene of the wind coming down from the four mountains and swaying the flowers, grass and trees: Every wind comes down from the four mountains, shaking the big trees, covering the grass, red and green, full of fragrance; the waves swirling, retreating into the valley; shaking Wei Rui, with the passage of time. Most of them are like this, and there are many others. The trees are shaken, the grass is covered with weeds, and the flowers are red and green, all of which are vivid, detailed, expressive, exquisite and accurate. "Shiqu Ji" is the sixth chapter of "Eight Records of Yongzhou". This article describes the spring water and the scenery on the spring, each with its own characteristics. Since I can't walk a hundred steps southwest from thirst, I reach a stone canal and a people's bridge. There is a spring that is quiet and quiet, and its sound is sometimes loud and sometimes soft. The width of the canal may be close to a foot, or it may be twice as wide, and its length may be ten steps. The flow reached the big rock and fell out from under it. As he walked toward the stone, there was a pool of stone, covered with calamus, and surrounded by fresh green leaves. Then he turned west and fell under a rock, then fell into a small pool in the north. The pool covers an area of ??hundreds of feet, is clear and deep, and has many fish. Then he went to the north and wandered for a long time. His gaze seemed to be endless, but he suddenly fell into thirst. On either side are strange rocks, strange trees, strange flowers, and beautiful arrows, which you can sit on and look down upon. The wind shakes its top and rhymes the cliffs and valleys. Seeing is quiet, hearing is far away. Shiqu, Shihong and Xiaotan, although these three aspects of scenery are in the same picture, their characteristics are different. The characteristic of the stone canal is that it is narrow, so the spring water in the canal is weak. When it hits the stone, it does not stir up huge waves, but flows out from under it. The characteristic of Shihong is that it is low-lying, so the water is deeper than that of the stone canal. The calamus is covered or surrounded by moss; and the small pool is characterized by its deepness, so the water from the stone canal flows into the pool, and you can see the fish inside. In addition, the author also wrote about the stones, trees, flowers, plants and bamboos on the spring, especially focusing on the description of the sound of wind. The wind shakes the tops of the bamboo trees, producing a long-lasting reverberation that shakes the cliffs and valleys, thus turning the reader from vision to hearing, adding a poetic musical beauty to the picture-like scenery. "The Story of Shijian" is the seventh chapter of "The Eight Records of Yongzhou". This article closely follows the above. The scenery described is still springs, stones and trees, but the author is good at capturing the personality beyond sex, such as: The water is as big as three stone canals, with a standing stone as the bottom, reaching as high as Two worlds. It's like a bed, like a hall, like a banquet, like a banquet. It is spread horizontally on it, flowing like weaving and sounding like playing a harp. Stones and springs in the water are expressed with the word "ruo", while trees and stones on the spring are directly metaphorized with green feathers and dragon scales, "the trees with green feathers and the stones with dragon scales all shade them." Because a variety of metaphors are used to describe it accurately and vividly, there is no sense of repetition. Instead, it feels like there are infinite caves in the cave. "Little Rock City Mountain Chronicles" is the last chapter of "Eight Records of Yongzhou". The author first focuses on describing the shape, layout and strange scenery of Little Rock Mountain, and then turns to discussing the existence of a creator. He criticizes the concept of destiny with a doubtful twist, and at the same time pours out his grief and anger at being relegated and unable to achieve his ambitions. . The article is full of ups and downs and covers thousands of miles. As the predecessors said: "Every small scene before your eyes, every strange feeling in the sky." The author writes about the scenery of Xiaoshicheng Mountain mainly to express a kind of feeling. At that time, some people believed that beautiful things were used by heaven to comfort the insulted sages, while others believed that beautiful scenery was caused by the spirit of beauty, but the author denied both. Alas! I doubt whether the Creator has existed for a long time. The more you think about it, the more sincerity you feel. It is also strange that they are not classified as Zhongzhou, but as barbarians, and they have not been able to sell their skills for thousands of years. They are working hard but useless. If God does not do this, what will be the result? Or it can be said: Those who comfort their husbands and virtuous people but humiliate them. Or it may be said: The spirit of Qi is not for great men but only for this thing. Therefore, in the south of Chu there are few people but many rocks. It's both, I don't believe it. The author expresses this feeling in this article because the feelings of life experience expressed in the above articles are closely combined. If we believe that God has a will, then the author's reprimand is God's will, and there is no need to complain. If you believe that these beautiful scenery are used by heaven to comfort the wise, you will inevitably become narcissistic and forget your own sorrow and resentment at the persecution. Precisely because the author does not believe in this, he combines his personal experience with the landscape to create a blend of scenes.
From these landscape notes, it is revealed that the author does not believe in God's will and laments the persecution he has suffered: How much misery and misery is in the mist!