Song: Moon Hee Weng
A spoonful of West Lake water. Crossing the river, a hundred years of singing and dancing, a hundred years of drunkenness. Looking back at Luoyang, the flowers and stones are exhausted, and the smoke is far away. No, the new pavilion is crying. Cluster music, red makeup, rocking the original boat, asking who is midstream and blowing? Eternal hatred, when to wash?
Clear your mind for the rest of your life. What's more, no one met Pansy and Yan Fu and didn't get up. Who depends on national affairs now? Just a river! And then along the way, Jiang Shen can rely on. I asked Chu Shi, a lonely mountain forest, but turned to smile at the plum blossom. What's going on in the world is clear!
He Xinlang's West Lake Translation
At present, this curved lake (West Lake) seems to be only as big as a spoonful. Since crossing the river, it has become a comfortable nest for monarchs and subjects. Singing and dancing all day has been going on for a hundred years. Looking back at the ancient capital, Luoyang's flower stones have been reduced to ashes, and the palace of Kyoto's song and dance capital has been an isolated city submerged in misty smoke. After the south, no one has missed the old place. For a long time, even those who sigh in the air are gone. The West Lake is full of sheng, Xiao and Xiao, and the beautiful boat is full of ladies and gentlemen, laughing, singing and dancing. Where is the man who vowed to attack China and recover the Central Plains like Zu Ti? When will the eternal hatred of the emperor's exile be washed away by the snow when his home is destroyed?
I, like that Fan Pang, have devoted my life to recovering lost territory and rejuvenating the national prestige. I am bent on clarifying the Central Plains, but I volunteered. I have no way to serve my country, just like Jiang Shang, who has never seen King Wen, and Fu Shuo, who has never been promoted by Emperor Gaozong. What is the support of state affairs now? The Yangtze River is just a dress with a wide bandwidth, but those kings and courtiers say that this natural barrier can be safe. Those literati have not asked about state affairs. Originally, I wanted to discuss the current situation and state affairs with them, but they learned Lin Bu's view of Mei in seclusion, forgot about state affairs, and showed their feelings for mountains and rivers, so they flaunted it. With such a situation, the outcome of world events can be imagined.
Notes on He Xinlang's West Lake
He Xinlang: The name of the epigraph, also known as Jin Lu Qu, Like Smoke Flying, Adjusting Autumn to Wine, Jin Lu Ci, Golden Deer Song, He Xinliang, etc. This tone is gloomy and desolate, suitable for expressing intense feelings, and has always been used by poets.
Spoon: Describe the West Lake as small and shallow.
Crossing the River: refers to crossing the river in the first year of Jian 'an in Song Gaozong and establishing Hangzhou as its capital.
Luoyang Flower Stone: Li's "Luoyang Famous Garden" contains: "Luoyang is famous for its gardens and there are many beautiful stones." Song Huizong loves stones and once collected rare ornamental stones in central Zhejiang.
New Pavilion: Also known as the Old Pavilion, it was built in the Wu Dynasty in the Three Kingdoms and is located in Nanjing. When crossing the river in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, whenever the spring was bright, the nobles boarded the new pavilion to enjoy the scenery and drink. Someone once said: "The scenery is different, the mountains and rivers are different." Everyone looked north at this ancient country and wept at each other. (Shi Shuo Xin Yu)
Cluster music: A variety of musical instruments are played together.
Zhong Liujing: The Biography of Zu Ti in the Book of Jin records: "He led troops to the Northern Expedition, crossed the river, and Zhong Liujing vowed,' Those who cannot seek the Central Plains are like great rivers'."
Eternal hatred: refers to the shame of Jingkang, where Song Huizong and Song Qinzong were abducted by Jin people.
Panxi (pán): refers to the story of Jiang Taigong fishing in Panxi, meeting Zhou Wenwang and paying tribute to him.
Yan Fu: According to legend, Fu Shuo was a slave. He built a wall in Yan Fu's place and later became a minister, which was highly valued by Wu Ding, king of Shang Dynasty.
Lin: In the Northern Song Dynasty, Lin Bu lived in seclusion for 30 years, raising cranes and growing plums. Refers to those lofty people who don't ask about state affairs.
Appreciation of He Xinlang West Lake
The first three sentences of this word, that is, a blow to the head, reveal the life of the ruling class in Xizihu area after the southern crossing of the Song Dynasty. The area of the West Lake is not small. Why does the author say there is only one spoonful? Or think that this is a kind of vision that the author climbs up and looks down, but it is not. The West Lake refers to Lin 'an, which is hidden in the southeast half. The rulers of the Southern Song Dynasty indulged in the narrow range of rivers and mountains, completely ignoring the great cause of restoring the Central Plains and reunifying the whole country. So the author is very angry about this, so the cloud "a spoonful" is also like a frog in the well, with narrow vision and low mind. It is not difficult for discerning people to see the irony and indignation implied in choosing these two words, followed by the word "crossing the river". The sentence "looking back" reminds us of the homeland of the Central Plains that has already fallen. "Luoyang" refers to Bianjing, the old capital of the Northern Song Dynasty, and also refers to the Central Plains. Song Huizong once sent people to the south to extensively search for folk flower stones, and built Genyue in Bianjing, which was one of the reasons for the demise of the Northern Song Dynasty. The northern song dynasty has been exhausted, and the flowers and stones are exhausted. Now, there is only misty smoke, only grains and millet. The lessons of history are so painful. However, now, when will the West Lake stop singing and dancing? Warm wind makes tourists drunk and makes Hangzhou Bianzhou "(Lin Sheng's title is Lin 'an House). Even those who lament the discoloration of the new pavilion and the people's tears can't be found. Liu Yiqing's "Shi Shuo Xin Yu Yu Yan" records: "Every time people crossing the river (referring to the upper class of the ruling class after the Kim moved south) come to the United States and Japan, they will invite a new pavilion (built by the Wu family in the Three Kingdoms period and now in the south of Nanjing) to hold a banquet with flowers (sitting on grass). Zhou Hou sat down and sighed:' The scenery is different, and there is a difference between rivers and mountains when you look up.' They all shed tears at each other. However, Prime Minister Wang (Wang Dao) suddenly changed color and said,' When * * * fights for the royal family and the restoration of China, how can he be a prisoner of Chu!' "The story is like this." Never again, the new pavilion will cry ",the language is extremely depressed. After the scholars of the Eastern Jin Dynasty crossed to the south, Zhou Hou and others still shed tears because of the demise of the Western Jin Dynasty and the broken mountains and rivers. There are no such people now. All they know is dancing in red makeup, geisha with heavy makeup, gorgeous cruise ships and indulging in the scenery. Who else can swim like Zu Ti in the Jin Dynasty and swear to recover? "Eternal hate, when to wash? "Deliberately heckled tone, it is actually asserted that those in power are so addicted to pleasure, which is a national humiliation of Jingkang, and it is an eternal regret that will never be recovered. The feeling of grief and indignation jumped from the paper and almost cracked.
In the first three sentences, the resentment that oneself and other talents can't be reused is not only in sharp contrast with those bureaucrats and scholars who are drunk and dreaming of death, singing and dancing, regardless of rank and rank, but also echoes the sentence "who is in charge of the middle stream and who is blowing". The phrase "the rest of my life" is based on the story of the biography of Fan Pang in the later Han Dynasty: "I have the ambition to get on the bus and clarify the world." The author compares himself to Fan Pang here. "Who is worse" two sentences, with the story of Jiang Ziya and Fu Shuo. According to legend, Jiang Ziya lived in seclusion in Panxi (now southeast of Baoji, Shaanxi) and fished. When Zhou Wenwang discovered that he was a talented person, he used it as an assistant minister and eventually helped King Wu destroy the Shang Dynasty. According to legend, Fu Shuo built a wall in Yanfu (now Pinglu, Shaanxi Province), and Emperor Gaozong used it as a minister to rule the world. Jiang and Fu represent the "unknown" and "undeveloped" talents here. There are many talents today, but the problem is that the rulers have not discovered and used them. The country is in danger and does not need talents. What does the ruling class rely on to resist the powerful yuan-Mongolian army? The phrase "state affairs" is to ask yourself and answer yourself: just rely on "a river with only one area". The imperial court did not rely on talents, but relied on the natural barrier of the Yangtze River in vain, even ridiculously saying that "Jiang Shen can rely on it". Here, once again, there is a ruthless cynicism about those in power. What about the courtiers such as "Mei Wife Crane" in the early Northern Song Dynasty and Lin Bu who lived in seclusion in a lonely mountain? "But turn around and smile at the plum blossom!" Asked about saving the country, they looked around and said with a smile, "Look, plum blossoms are in bud!" " "The author is deeply dissatisfied with these people, which is another contrast with patriots who have the ambition to clarify the world and have Jiang and Fu Zhicai. Through the above-mentioned series of discussions and comparisons, the words "what's going on in the world is known to everyone" finally wrapped up the whole article forcibly, and gave a helpless sigh in extreme grief and indignation, which made people feel embarrassed and indignant.
In his poems, the author expresses a profound sense of crisis about state affairs, reveals the ups and downs of the small court in the Southern Song Dynasty, and criticizes and satirizes the rulers and escapist literati in the Southern Song Dynasty. These expositions and flogging are expressed step by step, article by article, and article by article through a series of questions and inquiries, as well as repeated comparisons in vertical and horizontal aspects.
The Creative Background of He Xinlang West Lake
This poem was written by the poet when he visited the West Lake with the literati in the same year after graduating from the Academy in the late Song Dynasty and early Yuan Dynasty (1253). According to the book Miscellanies of Ancient Hangzhou, someone asked him on the cruise whether there was such a scene in West Shu, which prompted him to fantasize, touched his grief and indignation towards the country and people, and wrote this indignant sentence.
A Brief Introduction to the Author of He Xinlang West Lake
Weng Wenji (date of birth and death unknown) was born in Mianzhou (now Mianyang, Sichuan) and later moved to Xing Wu (now Huzhou, Zhejiang). In the first year of Baodu (1253), he was the second scholar in the first subject and was in charge of the secretary of Zhaoqing Army. In the third year of Ding Jing (1262), he was called to test the official history database, which was well known in both the government and the public. In addition to the provincial orthography of the secretary, the calendar school secretary Lang, the secretary Lang, the book assistant Lang, and the author Lang. In June of the first year of Xianchun (1265), he went to Zhangzhou. During these four years, he took Guo Zi as the official of the Ministry of Rites, the editor of the National History Museum and the reviser of the Museum. At the end of the year, zhou yuan was famous for knowing the Chinese museum. At the beginning of Deyou, the official was a bachelor of Shangshutang, and the Privy Council signed a book. Yuan soldiers will arrive, abandon the official and flee. If you enter RMB, you can't afford it. There are twenty volumes in the anthology. Don't pass it on. According to the records in Qiantang Legacy, the Ci in the whole Song Dynasty is a series of Ci.