Who's Yan Guang? It turned out that Yan Guangran was famous and worked with Emperor Guangwu Liu Xiu. After the founding of the Eastern Han Dynasty, he changed his name and surname and lived in seclusion in the countryside. Guangwudi sent someone to look everywhere and finally found him: dressed in sheepskin, fishing in the river. Emperor Guangwu sent a special envoy car, "Che An Xuan Bing", to take his old classmates to Luoyang. Yan Guang was lying high in the museum, unwilling to see the emperor. Emperor Guangwu had to condescend to see his old classmates and said, "Anziling, why don't you help me?" Yan Guang didn't answer. After a long time, he became familiar with it. Liu Bei said, "Emperor Yao is virtuous and Chao Fu is deaf. Why are scholars ambitious? " Liu Xiu had to get on the bus and go with a sigh. Later, Emperor Guangwu once again worshipped his old classmates as doctors, but Yan Guangjian resigned and retired to Fuchun Mountain. He returned home and died at home at the age of 80. For details, see the Book of the Later Han Dynasty? Yimin biography.
In ancient China, where the "official standard" was paramount, it was rare for officials to resign improperly. What is even more rare is that he refused the repeated employment of the emperor and resolutely chose his favorite lifestyle. Therefore, Yan Guang has been regarded as a spiritual idol by traditional intellectuals for thousands of years: although he can't reach it, he yearns for it. Fan Zhongyan in the Northern Song Dynasty was very impressed: "Yunshan is gray and the rivers and seas are vast; The wind of a gentleman, the mountain is high and the water is long. " Maybe different people will have different understandings of Yan Guang: not corrupt, not pursuing fame and fortune, not clinging to the dragon and attaching the phoenix, and so on.
But one thing is the same: the spirit of independence and freedom. It can be said that intellectuals are pursuing the dream of being marginalized, living a secluded life and living a life without officials. Yan Guang became one of the best or representatives, and was sought after and praised by many people. Therefore, most emperors not only tolerated, but also often commended.
However, in Zhu Yuanzhang's view, Yan Guang's actions are very counterintuitive. Zhu Yuanzhang clearly pointed out in Yan Guang Lun that "Yan Guang in the Han Dynasty was in the early stage of revival, people's livelihood was depressed and talents were scarce. He was worried about the monarch, afraid of being short of virtue and talent, causing hardships to people's livelihood, and he was very courteous, so he was in the Zhou Dynasty. I don't know when the gift will arrive, so it just floats away. But I still think I am happy beside rocks and water. ..... If Red Eyebrows, Wang Lang, Liu Penzi and other generations are all confused, where will the light catch? At that time, my family was too careless to eat enough to take care of my life. Did I have fun fishing? The fisherman you caught today is kind! ..... I think the sinners at that time were no bigger than Yan Guang and Zhou Dang. "
A careful analysis of the meaning of Zhu Yuanzhang's words shows that he always expresses his ruling philosophy and moral standards everywhere: the monarch is the savior of the courtiers and the people, anyone who does not associate with him is ungrateful, and anyone who does not cooperate with the country is a crime and an unforgivable sinner.