1. Nanxiangzi·The generals talked about the title of marquis
Song Dynasty: Huang Tingjian
The generals talked about the title of marquis, and the piccolo played long songs while leaning against the building alone.
Everything will go with the wind and rain, rest and play with Tainan's golden head.
Don’t delay the urge to drink. The taste of wine seems to be gone this autumn.
The flowers smiled shyly on the old man's head, and the white hair with flowers in it did not relieve his sorrow.
2. Spring Hope
Tang Dynasty: Du Fu
The country is broken by mountains and rivers, and the city has deep spring vegetation.
I am moved to tears by the flowers in my heart, and I am frightened by the hatred of other birds.
The war rages on for three months, and a letter from home is worth ten thousand gold.
The white-headed scratches are shorter, and the lust is overwhelming.
3. Xiju
Tang Dynasty: Liu Zongyuan
For a long time, he was tired of hairpins, but fortunately he was banished to Nanyi.
Longing beside the farm and garden, I feel like a visitor in the forest. ?
Plowing in the morning turns over the exposed grass, and the sound of the stream rocks sounds at night.
When you come and go, you don’t meet anyone, and you sing long songs and the sky is blue.
1. Nanxiangzi·The generals are talking about the title of marquis
Translation
When the generals are talking about the matter of ennobling a marquis, I am leaning against the tall building alone. Play the bamboo flute and sing loudly.
The world has passed away quietly in the wind and rain, and the grand scene of Liu Yu boarding the theater on the Double Ninth Festival and having a banquet with his ministers has gone forever.
Drink quickly and don’t leave it behind, the wine will still taste mellow.
The flowers on the old man's head make him smile shyly, and the flowers on his white hair do not relieve his sorrow.
Appreciation
The creation method of "poetry as lyrics" in this poem reflects the characteristics of poetry from the choice of words and sentences to the artistic conception and style. He expresses his feelings directly without resorting to the rendering of scenery, and his style is bold and vigorous.
2. Spring Hope
Translation
Chang'an fell, the country was shattered, and only the mountains and rivers remained; spring came, and the sparsely populated Chang'an city was lush with vegetation.
When I feel sentimental about state affairs, I can’t help but burst into tears, and the chirping of birds frightens my heart, which only adds to the sorrow and hatred of separation.
The continuous war has lasted for more than half a year. Letters from home are rare, and one letter is worth tens of thousands of taels of gold.
Wrapped in melancholy, I scratched my head and thought. The more I scratched my head, the shorter my white hair became. It was almost impossible to insert a hairpin.
Appreciation
This poem is full of scenes, deep emotions, implicit and concise, concise and comprehensive, which fully embodies the "depressed and frustrated" artistic style. Moreover, the structure of this poem is compact and revolves around the word "wang". The first four sentences express emotions through scenes and combine scenes. The poet looks from afar to a focused perspective, from far to near, and his emotions from weak to strong. In this cross-conversion of emotions and scenery, the poet's sighs, worries and indignation are implicitly conveyed. From the opening chapter describing the desolate scenery of the capital, to tears at the sight of spring flowers, and resentment at the sound of birdsong; to the war that lasted for a long time, with no news from home; and finally to his own sorrow and aging, all of which are connected and conveyed layer by layer. Progress, creating a realm that can arouse people's excitement and deep thinking. It expresses the typical feelings generated under the typical background of the times, reflects the good wishes of people of the same period to love the country and look forward to peace, and expresses the unanimous inner voice of everyone. It also shows the poet's noble emotions of worrying about the country and the people, and feeling sad about the times.
3. Xiju
Translation
I have been burdened with official duties for a long time, but fortunately I was relegated to the southern minority area.
Quiet and peaceful, neighbored by farmers’ vegetable gardens, sometimes I feel like a hermit in the mountains and forests.
In the morning, I plowed the fields and hoeed the dewy weeds. In the evening, when I came back from a boat trip, the boat made a sound when it touched the rocks in the stream.
Walking alone, not meeting other people, looking at the green sky, singing loudly.
Appreciation
This poem was written when Liu Zongyuan was demoted to Yongzhou and built a house on the bank of Yuxi River. On the surface, the poem is written about the comfort and comfort of life here, but in fact it is a forced description of joy and a subtle expression of the anger and resentment of being demoted.
The poet should have been full of complaints when he was banished to Yongzhou, but he called it a blessing at the beginning of the poem: "For a long time, I have been making hairpins, and fortunately I have been banished to Nanyi." The poet thinks that he has been banished to Yongzhou for a long time. Being an official in the court was tiring, but fortunately he was relegated to this barren land in the south, which allowed him to live a leisurely life. These two sentences are true to the contrary, describing unfortunate things as blessings, expressing dissatisfaction with the authorities in North Korea and China.
"I am leisurely leaning against my neighbor in the farmland, occasionally like a visitor in the forest. The plowing in the morning turns over the exposed grass, and the sound of the rocks in the stream is heard at night." These four sentences emphasize the leisurely feeling of living here. In my spare time, I live next to old farmers who grow vegetables, and sometimes I feel like someone living in seclusion in the mountains and forests. Go hoeing with dew early in the morning, and take a boat along the stream at night. "Xianyi" expresses the author's leisurely attitude, while "Ousi" is a pretentious way to comfort himself. Liu Zongyuan was a man of rare talent and great ambition, but his official career was not smooth and he was repeatedly demoted. This time he was demoted to Yongzhou, far away from Chang'an. He is full of enthusiasm and has no room to display his enthusiasm. He has ambitions but cannot stretch his ambitions, and his talents are not reused. Therefore, in this demoted place, I had no choice but to write about happiness, pretend to be leisurely, say that I was lucky to be demoted, and pretend that I really like this comfortable and comfortable life.
“When you come and go without seeing anyone, you sing when the sky is clear and blue.” Sometimes I walk alone all day long and don’t see any pedestrians, so I sing loudly, and my voice echoes in the blue sky of the valley for a long time, how clear and empty it is. This leisurely and unrestrained life makes the poet seem to have no thoughts about his misfortune and being demoted, and he is broad-minded and cheerful. The poet here seems to be free and unrestrained, but after all, he is too lonely.
These two sentences just reveal that the poet is forced to be leisurely and entertain himself when no one cares about him, which is just a helpless ridicule.
Throughout the whole poem, the poet seems to have forgotten the pain of being demoted. In the poem, the misfortune of being demoted is called luck, and the lonely and calm life is interpreted as an elegant and leisurely life. In fact, these are all the poet's passionate irony. Behind this beautified exiled life, there is hidden deep depression and resentment in the poet's heart. The anger contained in the superficial plainness makes people even more excited. Just as Shen Deqian of the Qing Dynasty said: "The chants of Yuxi are in a difficult situation, and they sound clear and indifferent, complaining without complaining, complaining Don’t complain, say something between the lines, and encounter it from time to time.” This is a very fair evaluation.
The whole poem is clear, concise, implicit and profound, with implicit meaning and thought-provoking.