This is an answer written before. It's a bit long and a bit like a book. No stories, no pop elements. I don't know if you are interested in watching it. But I sent it anyway. It is enough that one or two out of a thousand people find it useful.
Everyone is familiar with Li Bai's "Into the Wine". In fact, there is another version, that is, the fragmented version of Dunhuang's "Cherish the Empty":
Cherish the empty space
Have you seen how the water of the Yellow River flows from the sky to the sea and never returns?
Didn't you see that the mirror at the head of the bed is sad and white, turning into snow like Yun Lan?
Oh, let a man with spirit take risks where he wants to go, and never point his golden cup at the moon empty! .
I was born with a gift, spinning a thousand pieces of silver, and it's all back! .
Cook a sheep, kill a cow, sharpen your appetite, and let me, 300 bowls, take a big drink! .
Master Cen, Dan Qiusheng and I will sing a song for you! Please pour it for me.
Is Zhong Guyu expensive enough? I hope I don't have to wake up when I'm drunk.
In ancient times, all saints and sages died, and only the drinkers left their names.
Chen bought a barrel of wine with 10 thousand gold coins at a banquet in the temple, and everyone laughed and said one-liners
Why do you say, my master, your money is gone? , to buy wine, we drink together! .
Wu, Qiu, give them to the boy to exchange good wine, and you are just like me.
Comparing the two versions, there are five differences in the text. Let's compare and discuss them one by one.
one
"Will enter the wine" "Have you seen that in the bright mirror of the high room, lovely hair, though silky black in the morning, turned into snow at night? 」
Cherish the Empty Bottle "Don't you see that the mirror at the bedside is sad and white, and the morning light is like Yun Lan. 」
One of the differences is "high hall"-"bedside".
Gaotang has two meanings, one is the main hall of the house, and the other is the parents. It is generally believed that the "high hall" here refers to the main hall. And "bedside" refers to the bedroom.
The last sentence of this sentence, that is, the beginning of "drinking wine", "You didn't see how the water of the Yellow River moved out of heaven and into the ocean, never to return" was written by the great master, and most people simply didn't dare to learn this momentum. Just like singing, the tone is too high at first, and it is difficult to sing later.
This is magnificent. If you can't answer the second sentence, it will be anticlimactic. But Li Bai went on to say "I don't see you", this time it was "how lovely Gao Tingming's mirror lock is", and his vision was suddenly narrowed, while the core word "sadness" came out with a sigh. However, the last sentence "morning is like moss, dusk is like snow" immediately opens the time dimension.
The last sentence "How does the water of the Yellow River move out of the sky" is a sense of space. Is there anything that can hold the majesty of space? Of course, it is a strong sense of time. So in the second sentence, Li Bai was a little frustrated and immediately wrote that in one day, he saw all the youth in his life and arranged an epic feeling of the years. After the vastness of space and the vicissitudes of time, it is seamless and elegant.
From the context, there is little difference between "Gaotang" and "Bedside" in expression. The core of both versions is "sad hair mirror", it doesn't matter whether you look in the mirror in the hall or in the bedroom.
It's just that the expression of "Gao Tang" is higher and louder in rhythm, and I personally feel better.
The second difference is "moss"-"Qingyun"
In fact, both refer to black hair. The difference is that "black hair" is a direct metaphor for black hair, and the shape of silk and hair is very close. This metaphor is very vivid. ?
And "Qingyun" is a metaphor for hair. In fact, the shapes of clouds and hair are not so close, and the metaphor is not the image.
Metaphorically speaking, Qingyun is obviously going to lose.
But when the whole sentence is put together, "although it is black in the morning, it becomes snow at night", and it becomes snow with black silk. Between "silk" and "snow", there are completely two forms, and the sense of mutual transformation is not strong.
And "snow at dusk", a dark cloud turned into snow. "Cloud" and "snow" are very close in form, and when they are transformed into each other, they are even more picturesque. Just like two focal planes, one second is dark clouds, the next is snow, and the flow of time is shocking.
For Twilight Into the Snow, Qingyun obviously wants to win again.
Judging from the overall image and poetry, I personally think that the version of "The Sky" is better than the version of "Although the morning silk is dark, the night has turned into snow" in "Into the Wine".
two
"Into the wine" "Since God has given talents, let it go and you will be hired! , spin one thousand silver, all back! . 」
"Cherish the Empty Bottle" "I was born with talent, spinning a thousand pieces of silver, come back! . 」
"Since God has given talents, let them be employed!" -"I was born with a gift"
Two statements, the meaning is close. The difference is that the former is more explicit and the latter is more implicit.
Some people think that the saying that "my materials must be useful" is too pragmatic and a bit tacky, which does not conform to the elegant and out-of-touch temperament of poetry and immortals. And "I only have talent" is much more fresh and refined.
However, if you know Li Bai well, you will know that Li Bai has always been a man who yearns for fame and pragmatism.
He once expressed his ambition: "Be smart, be ready to help others, make the atlas area stable and Haixian county clear." To put it bluntly, it is to be a big official in the DPRK and assist the king in doing great things.
When he was young, he always wanted to break out of the box and make a blockbuster, so he chose the "dry" way. In other words, he ran between the royal family and the country, recommended himself with poems, tried to meet a knowledgeable person, and took him to the Emperor's Hall in one fell swoop, which made great achievements.
Until he was 42 years old, he was finally called to Beijing. After receiving the letter, he excitedly wrote:
Laugh at the sky and go out. Are we Artemisia people?
In the matter of fame, he has always pursued the pragmatism of "learning literature and practicing martial arts and selling it to the royal family" In fact, at that time, this pragmatism was the mainstream thought of literati, just like the mainstream thought of getting into a good university today and finding a good job in the future, and it had nothing to do with vulgarity.
In fact, Li Bai didn't care too much about his identity as a poet, and he was too lazy to save his poems. Nine times out of ten, he lost them. In his view, writing poetry can't be called a career at all, but at most it is a means to change fate or a hobby.
It is generally believed that the writing time of "Into the Wine" was made by Li Bai when he wandered and made friends with Cen Can and Yuan Danqiu after he left Beijing during the Liang and Song Dynasties and Tianbao years. That is to say, after he wrote "Go out laughing, are our generation Artemisia people?" He went to Chang 'an for several years, offended a group of people in officialdom and was kicked out of Chang 'an by the court.
After leaving Chang 'an for eight years, Li Bai borrowed wine for many times to sing songs with friends Cen Can and Yuan Danqiu, during which he wrote "Into the Wine".
The tone of My Born Talent is like a sober person, showing his self-confidence in his youth in a low-key way and full of expectations for the future. This is more like the tone of Li Bai when he was young.
When Li Bai wrote "Into the Wine", he was in his fifties. He was frustrated in his career and drunk. He blurted out "God-given talent, let it go and hire!" This is more like his real state. He has never been used, so he always emphasizes his usefulness. Just like only drunk people will always emphasize that they are not drunk.
This straightforward expression seems to be a high degree of self-confidence, but in fact it is a kind of grief and indignation without talent.
Personally, combined with Li Bai's personality and life experience, the version is "God-given talent, let it go and hire!" The version of "I was born with talent" in "Into the Wine" is more real and emotional than that in "I am born with talent".
three
"Into the wine" "CenFuZi, Dan Qiusheng, into the wine, can't stop drinking. Let me sing you a song! Please listen to me. 」
Cherish the Empty Bottle "Master Cen, Dan Qiusheng, let me sing a song for you! Please pour it for me. 」
The difference between these two sentences is the difference between the two versions.
With these two sentences, the whole song presents a form of persuading wine.
The general tone is: come on, finish this cup and have another one. After eating this, there are three more.
The overall tonality is heroic, atmospheric, unrestrained and chic.
But if these two sentences are missing, the overall tone of the poem will become: unfortunately, the wine will always be finished, and the glass will be empty and people will be scattered.
The overall tonality has become regret, sadness, lingering and emotion.
"Let me sing you a song! Please listen to me "-"Let me sing you a song! Please listen to me. "
In Tang Poetry of Dunhuang, Mr. Huang pointed out that the life of "Dan Qiusheng" lies in Geng rhyme, and it tends to rhyme in Qing dynasty, while "Bei Mo Zhi" ends in Qing rhyme, which was used exclusively in the early Song Dynasty, so it has nothing to do with Geng rhyme, so "Er Ting" and "Zhi" are added. It can be seen that the change was added by later generations in the early Song Dynasty.
According to Mr. Huang's version, "Let me sing you a song! "Please pour it for me" in "Cherish the Empty" is the original version of Li Bai. Besides, the words "don't stop drinking", "listen" and "stop" were actually added to rhyme by later generations.
In other words, in fact, the tonality of this poem, the sigh of "cherishing emptiness", is greater than the heroism of "drinking"
At this time, Li Bai, who is in his fifties, has not yet become famous and has nothing. Indeed, life is more of a sigh.
Only in the eyes of later generations, Li Bai and his poems gradually became a symbol, symbolizing heroism and romance.
People are more inclined to imagine Li Bai, who sings by drinking, domineering, despite his gray hair.
"Entering wine" is more in line with the imagination of future generations, but "precious respect for Confucius" is more in line with Li Bai's life.
four
What are the bells, drums, delicacies and treasures in Into the Wine? I hope I will never wake up when I am drunk. 」
Cherish the Empty Bottle Are bells, drums, jade and silk expensive enough? I hope I don't have to wake up when I'm drunk. 」
"Jade"-"Jade"
"Jade" refers to food as beautiful as jade, and "jade" refers to royal jade. ?
Combining Li Bai's character and his experience of being left out by the imperial court, it is more likely for Li Bai to refer to the royal family of the imperial court with "jade", which is more in line with his statement.
"Not expensive enough"-"not expensive enough"
The expressions "not expensive enough" and "not expensive enough" are rhetorical questions.
The former is, which is not unusual. The latter is, what is this rare?
Grammatically, rhetorical questions are more emotional. According to Li Bai's strong character, use "is it expensive?"
What are bells, drums, delicacies and treasures after translating into wine? It is not uncommon for a rich family to enjoy delicious food.
After the translation of "Cherish Empty Bottles" and "Are Bells, Drums, Jade and Silk Expensive", the general idea is: What is the life of emperors and dignitaries enjoying food?
The latter is mixed with contempt for the imperial court, which is more in line with Li Bai's emotion and image of "Wow, how can I bow and scrape to those dignitaries who never suffer".
"I hope I don't wake up when I'm drunk"—"I hope I don't wake up when I'm drunk"
"complex"-"use"
Both versions mean, I hope I will stay drunk and never wake up. The subtle difference between "complexity" and "use" is that "no longer awake" seems to be stating objective facts, like pursuing extreme romance. And "Don't wake up" seems to express subjective indulgence, which is a bit negative, that is, "you don't have to think about those troubles when you are drunk."
On the whole, the version of "Cherish the Empty" asks, "Are bells, drums, jade and silk expensive enough? I hope I'm drunk and don't wake up, which is more in line with Li Bai's writing situation at that time and his real image.
Five?
In the old days, sober people and sages were forgotten, and only drinkers kept their names. 」
"Cherish the Empty Bottle" "Since ancient times, all saints and sages have died, and only the drinkers have left their names. 」
"All saints and sages are lonely"-All saints and sages are dead
Here are the two versions, the most prominent differences.
Loneliness is elegant, and death is widespread. It is normal for a poet to use elegant language, but it is scary to use extensive language, just like a gentleman who suddenly curses. ?
If it is "sober people in the past, the sages are forgotten", there are two explanations. One is:
Since ancient times, sages like Confucius and Mencius have been lonely, with nothing to do or left out in the cold. Only people who drink can put their reputation behind them.
There's another one:
"Sage" in the Tang Dynasty refers to sake, while "sage" refers to turbid wine. In the old days, sober people and sages were forgotten, that is to say, in ancient times, all kinds of wine, sake or muddy wine, would not stay, but the drinkers were all famous people, and they would help these wines leave their names.
These two explanations, no matter which one, are bold and accord with Li Bai's values. He always admired Taoist figures, such as Zhuangzi and Zhao Qi, but despised Confucian scholars, such as Confucius and Mencius.
In the version of Xi Zun Kong, "all the sages in ancient times died", and the "sage" here is different from the "saint", so it no longer refers to sages like Confucius and Mencius, but to emperors. ?
If so, what Li Bai means is that since ancient times, sages and monarchs have all died, and only people who drink like me can leave a reputation.
Judging from the resentment that Li Bai was kicked out of the court at that time, it is reasonable to say a few cruel words after drinking too much. However, the statement that "all the sages of ancient times die" is too resentful and blunt, which is out of place in poetry. It is very likely that later generations changed the tonality of the whole poem. But I have to say that the revised poems have greatly improved both in ideological height and style.
Li Bai has been infinitely deified so far, and it is easy for people to think that his calligraphy must be too good to change a word. In fact, not all poems, even immortals, are first-class. Even if it is a first-class poem, not every sentence is impeccable and there is no room for revision.
Unfortunately, neither the popular version of Into the Wine nor the Dunhuang version of Cherish the Empty is actually Li Bai's manuscript, and even which is closer to Li Bai's manuscript is controversial. Or both versions are from Li Bai, and one version is written and another version is changed. This is not impossible.
100% "Into the Wine" written by Li Bai has been blurred with time, which is difficult to recover and cannot be judged. In fact, "drinking wine" and "cherishing empty bottles" have their own advantages and disadvantages. Or there are no advantages and disadvantages, only readers prefer and are more willing to understand and accept which version.
It can only be said that "drinking" is more romantic, and "cherishing emptiness" is more realistic. ?
Romantic people take romance, and those who care about reality take reality. Each has its own way and position.