In order to better understand "chic Tonglu", I recently reread Fan Zhongyan's "Ten Chants of chic Tonglu County", and every time I read it, I will get new results. There are *** 10 poems, the first sentence is "chic Tonglu County", which renders the author's admiration for Tonglu's chic and beautiful natural scenery and chic and comfortable rural life. The dictionary defines the word "chic" as "lofty and refined". In the poet's pen, "chic" has deviated from its original meaning, generally referring to the bright and bleak scene in autumn, expressing emotions through scenery. For example, in the Song Dynasty, Zhang Sheng wrote at the beginning of "Leaving Ting Yan": "The area is picturesque, and the scenery in Xiang Qiu is chic." This word "chic" is full of vitality, sweeping away the sadness of tradition and the decline of autumn, and all the scenery looks bleak and beautiful, with a unique charm. It describes the characteristics of autumn scenery, very atmospheric, showing picturesque landscapes and unique scenery. Fan Zhongyan's description of Tonglu with "chic" is not only similar to Zhang Sheng's "chic", but also describes the spring, summer, autumn and winter, local conditions and customs, which has been greatly expanded. Fan Zhongyan is three years older than Zhang Sheng and is a contemporary. Who wrote the poem "chic" has not been verified before, but the fact is clear, that is, they have amazing similarities. They all came from poor families, worked as politicians, writers, officials and even participated in political affairs (deputy prime ministers). They are the founders of the Song Dynasty's ci style from graceful to bold. After they became officials, they were honest and self-disciplined, cared about the sufferings of the people, had the initial ambition of "worrying about the world", and all had the experience of being relegated. I think this is also the reason why their poetic styles are similar. Then, under what background was Fan Zhongyan's Smart Tonglu County written? We know that because of his integrity in Geng Jie, his career was not smooth, and he was repeatedly relegated. In the first year of Jing You (1034), he was demoted for the second time and knew Zhou Mu. When he went to Zhou Mu and passed through Tonglu, he wrote: "The waves are lovely, and Bai Niao flies in the mirror. If you don't believe in Luo Jing, the dust will turn into a guest coat (Out of Tonglu Road) to express your feelings after being demoted. In the following years, I went to Tonglu many times and rebuilt Mr. Yan's ancestral hall at Diaoyutai. " Handsome Tonglu County was written after he deeply understood the landscape, scenery and human feelings of Tonglu. Throughout his life, he wrote beautiful articles such as The Story of Yueyang Tower and a large number of poems. It happened that when he wrote Tonglu, he used the word "chic" and even wrote ten songs. This kind of situation is rare, which shows that Fan Zhongyan has a special liking for Tonglu and is full of praise. In this poem, he expressed his feelings through the scenery of Tonglu. Tonglu is very important to Fan Zhongyan, especially its natural landscape and Yan Ziling. Therefore, I think it is necessary to know something about the history of Yan Guang. According to records, Yan Ziling and Emperor Guangwu Liu Xiu traveled together when they were young. After Liu Xiu ascended the throne, he didn't want to be an official, but he went to the Diaoyutai in Fuchun Mountain to live in seclusion. There has been a lot of discussion on this point, and people have different views. Even Liu Xiu accused him of being a "crazy slave". However, in his "Mr. Yan Ancestral Hall", Fan Zhongyan praised not only Emperor Guangwu, but also Yan Ziling: "Mr. Wei, you can't be a great martial artist; How can I be as tall as my husband? "The Lecture Hall Record also records:" The emperor is the emperor of a generation; Sages, emperors of one hundred generations. Yan Guang's moral integrity, wealth and immorality, have been respected by all dynasties. "In the Han Dynasty, where reclusive culture prevailed, Yan Guang did not blindly pursue fame, but blindly pretended to be lofty, regardless of what was going on in the world. Instead, he took the initiative to put forward the concept of "loving benevolence and helping the world to be happy" to Emperor Guangwu. It can be seen that he has done his duty of "managing the world". How can he say that he only knows how to fish in seclusion and doesn't care about the country? It's just that people have their own aspirations, which is also the difference of social division of labor. Yan Ziling's role is to preach to the later generations, to live in the customs at that time and to govern by doing nothing. Therefore, Fan Zhongyan praised Yan Guang's character of "being independent from the vassals and being expensive", saying that "it is a great contribution to the famous religion to make the greedy husband be sincere and the coward stand". And eulogized: "Yunshan is gray, the rivers and seas are vast, the gentleman's wind, the mountains are high and the water is long." On the one hand, he praised Fuchun's landscape, on the other hand, he praised Yan Guang's character. Finally, in his Ten Poems of Smart Tonglu County, he wrote: "Smart Tonglu County, Yanling old fishing platform. If Jiangshan is invincible, Guangwu is willing to teach. "I think it is very helpful for us to re-establish the brand of' chic Tonglu' and understand the connotation of' chic'. Yan Ziling and Fan Zhongyan are very important to Tonglu, and we should deeply thank these sages for their profound cultural accumulation.