Jinan is a famous historical and cultural city announced by the State Council. It is named because it is located in the south of "Jishui", one of the four ancient blasphemies (the old road is based on the Yellow River today). According to archaeological excavations, as far back as 9, years ago in the early Neolithic period, ancestors lived here.
Longshan culture, which was characterized by polished black pottery 4 ~ 45 years ago, was named after it was first discovered in Longshan Town, the eastern suburb of Jinan in 1928. In Xia Dynasty, there were large-scale cities in Chengziya area of Longshan Town.
in the Shang and Zhou dynasties, Jinan was the ancient tan kingdom (the eastern kingdom, with its capital in the area of this city Ziya and Ping Ling City). During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Jinan belonged to the State of Qi, which was called "Long", "Saddle" and "Lixia" and was an important town in the southwest of the State of Qi.
in the Qin dynasty, it belonged to Jibei county (the county ruled Boyang, which is now Taian). In the Western Han Dynasty, Jinan County was established, and Dongping Mausoleum was ruled by the county (now Zhangqiu Ping Ling City, Jinan City). In the sixteenth year of Emperor Wendi (164 BC), Jinan was established, with Dongping Mausoleum as its capital.
in the first 154 years, Jinan was abolished and returned to Jinan county. During the reign of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, Jinan County had jurisdiction over 14 counties, including Dongping Mausoleum and Licheng, belonging to Qingzhou Secretariat Department. In the seventeenth year of Jianwu in the Eastern Han Dynasty (41 years), Jinan County was renamed as Jinan State, which governed 14 counties, and then changed to 1 counties.
During the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, dynasties changed frequently. Jinan was ruled by Wei, Western Jin, Hou Zhao, Qian Yan, Qian Qin, Hou Yan, Southern Yan, Eastern Jin, Liu Song, Northern Wei, Eastern Wei, Northern Qi and Northern Zhou, and it changed frequently.
In the meantime, Jinan County moved from Ping Ling (Dongping Mausoleum) to Licheng at the end of Yongjia in the Western Jin Dynasty (313 years ago). Since then, Jinan city has become the administrative center of county and state capitals in past dynasties.
in the 9th year of Yuan Jia's reign in Liu Song Dynasty (432), overseas Chinese settled in Jizhou, Ji 'nan County, and Ji 'nan was administered by the state and the county. In the third year of Emperor Xing in the Northern Wei Dynasty (469), Jizhou, an overseas Chinese, was changed to Qizhou, which governed 6 counties and 35 counties including Jinan County, Dongwei County and Taiyuan County.
In the third year of Emperor Kai of Sui Dynasty (583), the county was withdrawn and merged, while Qizhou still ruled Jinan and governed 1 counties including Licheng. In the third year of Daye (67), Qizhou was renamed Qi County. After the establishment of the Tang Dynasty, it was renamed as Qizhou, which governed six counties including Licheng, Zhangqiu and Changqing. During the Tianbao period in the middle of the Tang Dynasty, Qizhou was once renamed Linzi County and Jinan County. During the Five Dynasties, it was still called Qizhou, which was under the jurisdiction of Liang, Tang, Jin, Han and Zhou.
in the northern song dynasty, Qizhou belonged to JD.COM road and JD.COM east road successively. In the sixth year of Zhenghe (1116), Qizhou was promoted to Jinan Prefecture, which governed five counties including Licheng, Zhangqiu and Changqing. After two years of Jianyan (1128), it was taken by the Jin Dynasty, and it was still Jinan Prefecture, which governed seven counties and belonged to Shandong East Road.
In the meantime, it was once a pseudo-Qi territory established by Liu Yu, the former magistrate of Jinan. At the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty, it was changed to Jinan Road, and Zhili was in the Central Zhongshu Province. In the second year of Zhiyuan (1265), it governed two states, namely Dizhou and Binzhou, and eleven counties, including Licheng, Zhangqiu, Jiyang and Shanghe.
in the Jin and Yuan dynasties, Jinan was successively the punishment department of Jinshan Dongdong West Road, and the administrative office of Yuan Shandong Dongdong West Road, which was the supervision center in Shandong.
in the early Ming dynasty, it was renamed Jinan prefecture, which governed four states of Tai 'an, Dezhou, Wuding and Binzhou and 26 counties of Licheng, Zhangqiu, Changqing, Jiyang and Shanghe. In the ninth year of Hongwu (1376), the highest administrative organ in Shandong, Chengxuan Bureaus and Envoys Division, moved from Qingzhou to Jinan.
Jinan has become the capital of Shandong province, the political, military, economic and cultural center of the province, and one of the important central cities in China. In the early Qing Dynasty, it was built along the Ming Dynasty. In the second year of Yongzheng (1724) and the twelfth year (1734), the division was adjusted.
Jinan prefecture changed its jurisdiction to 1 state and 15 counties including Dezhou and Licheng, Zhangqiu, Changqing and Jiyang. In the early years of the Republic of China, Jinan Prefecture was abolished and Daibei Road was established, which governed 27 counties. In 1914, Daibei Road was renamed Jinan Road, and the county under its jurisdiction remained unchanged.
in p>1925, it changed its jurisdiction to 1 counties including Licheng, Zhangqiu, Changqing and Jiyang. In July, 1929, Jinan was formally established by analyzing Licheng county seat and its suburbs. At that time, Jinan had an area of 175 square kilometers and a population of more than 4,.
In September p>1948, the East China Field Army of China People's Liberation Army liberated Jinan and established Jinan Special City. In May 1949, it was renamed Jinan City. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Jinan experienced a long primitive, slave and feudal society.
began to enter a new era of socialism. In 1958, Licheng County was assigned to Jinan City. Subsequently, Zhangqiu and Changqing counties were successively placed under the jurisdiction of Jinan City in 1978, Pingyin County in 1985 and Jiyang and Shanghe County in 199.
in February p>1994, Jinan was officially designated as a sub-provincial city. In December 216, Zhangqiu withdrew from the city and set up a district. Jinan now governs 7 districts and 3 counties.
Extended information:
"Jinan", as its name implies, is named because it is located in the south of Jishui. Jishui, a long-lost river, originated in Jiyuan County, Henan Province, and its old course in Shandong Province is about the Yellow River now.
In ancient times, Ji, He, Huai (which may initially refer to Weishui) and Jiang (which may initially refer to Yishui) were also called "four blasphemies", all of which were sacred rivers in ancient China, that is, the historical and cultural rivers of our Chinese nation.
Jishui is a golden waterway connecting the Central Plains and the coastal areas of Shandong Peninsula. Its position and significance in the ancient history of Jinan cannot be overstated by any language. However, as a place name, "Jinan" appeared late.
in the early years of the western Han dynasty, Jinan county was established, and the county was governed by Dongping mausoleum. Dongping Mausoleum now belongs to Zhangqiu, located about twenty or thirty kilometers east of Jinan today. 2 km west of Dongping Mausoleum is the world-famous ruins of Chengziya ancient city.
the site of chengziya ancient city covers an area of 2, square meters. it was founded in the Longshan culture period more than 4, years ago, and should have been the capital of an early country. In the Xia Dynasty, it was the capital of Tan Guo. During the Shang and Zhou Dynasties, it was the capital of Tan Guo.
In the early Spring and Autumn Period, Qi Huangong destroyed Tan State and established Ping Ling City. In the Warring States period, in order to meet the needs of the development of the situation, the State of Qi built a new 3.6 million square meters Dongping Mausoleum on the east side of Chengziya Ping Ling City.
in the Han dynasty, this Dongping mausoleum became the county town of Jinan county or the capital of Jinan. Cao Cao, at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, was the national minister of Jinan.
Therefore, in ancient times, the political, economic and cultural center of Jinan today was in Zhangqiu area east of Jinan today, and it was only in the late Western Jin Dynasty that it was transferred to Jinan today. The main reason lies in the change of ecological environment.
Specifically, Dongping Mausoleum is a prosperous metropolis in the Han and Wei Dynasties, with a large population and rich resources, and the water used by residents and industry and agriculture is too much, which will inevitably lead to the decrease of groundwater level. In addition, excessive exploitation has also caused serious damage to forest vegetation.
and affect the flow of nearby rivers (such as raw water), and even dry up. The problem of water use has become increasingly prominent, eventually forcing people to abandon Dongping Lingcheng and move Jinan County to Licheng, which is today's Jinan.
Baidu encyclopedia-Jinan