On a green spring day, I began to go home, singing my songs loudly and drinking my wine. -Du Fu's "The banks of the Yellow River were recovered by the imperial army"
Where are my wife and son? There is not a trace of sadness on their faces. However, I packed my books and poems crazily. -Du Fu's "The banks of the Yellow River were recovered by the imperial army"
The news of this distant western station! The north has been recovered! At first, I couldn't stop crying on my coat. -Du Fu's "The banks of the Yellow River were recovered by the imperial army"
Come back from this mountain, pass another mountain, go up from the south and then go north-to my own town! . -Du Fu's "The banks of the Yellow River were recovered by the imperial army"
Stark sounded the fifth watch, drums and horns rang, and stars and Tianhe danced on three mountains. -Du Fu's Pavilion Night
Fang Bing's horse is a horse of Dawanguo, and its thin bones are as clear as a blade. -Du Fu's Poems of Fang Bing Cao Hu Ma
So fast, so fast, it is a good horse that can live up to life. It can commit crimes for the country. -Du Fu's Poems of Fang Bing Cao Hu Ma
Its ears are as sharp as a piece of bamboo, and it runs like four winds, as if its hoof had not been trampled. -Du Fu's Poems of Fang Bing Cao Hu Ma
The war has not stopped, and the children have already marched eastward. -Du Fu's "Three Songs of Qiang Village, the Third"
Letters sent to Luoyang city are often not delivered, and wars often do not stop. -Du Fu's Moonlight Remembering My Brother
The horse galloped, never in an open way, riding it all very comfortable, dare to roam the battlefield, and even share life and death. -Du Fu's Poems of Fang Bing Cao Hu Ma
2. A poem describing the poet Du Fu's views on war. Du Fu, an official in the stone trench, threw himself into the stone trench village at dusk, and an official arrested people at night.
The old man climbed over the wall and left, while the old woman went out to watch. Why are officials angry? Why do women cry? After listening to his wife, he said, "Three men are guarding Yecheng.
One man attached a book, and two men died. Those who drag out an ignoble existence are dead! There is no one in the room, only a baby and a grandson.
And grandma didn't go, and there was no skirt in and out. Although an old woman is weak, please come back at night.
If you are in a hurry to serve Shirley in the river and Yang, you might as well prepare the meal in the morning. "Night long voice, such as the smell of crying.
Dawn will rise into the future, leaving the old man alone. In the spring of the second year of Gan Yuan, Tang Suzong (759), six hundred thousand troops from nine provinces including Guo Ziyi surrounded Yecheng Anqingxu. Due to the disunity of command, the whole army was defeated by Shi Siming reinforcements.
In order to supplement the troops, the Tang Dynasty forcibly arrested people from Luoyang West to Tongguan as soldiers, and the people were miserable. At this time, Du Fu is returning to Huazhou from Luoyang via Tongguan.
From what I saw and heard along the way, I wrote "Three Officials" and "Three Farewells". Li Shihao is one of the three officials.
The theme of the whole poem is to expose the brutality of officials and reflect the sufferings of the people through the image description of "officials arresting people at night". The first four sentences can be regarded as the first paragraph.
The first sentence "cast stone ditch village at dusk", come straight to the point and tell the story directly. The words "dusk", "vote" and "village" need to be pondered, so don't let them go easily.
In feudal society, due to social disorder and desolate journey, tourists "stay while there is still time", not to mention in the era of war and disaster! Du Fu, on the other hand, hurried to a small village for the night at dusk. This unusual scene is very enlightening. It is conceivable that he either didn't dare to go this way at all; Or the nearby towns are empty and have nowhere to rest; Or ..... In short, a few words not only pointed out the time and place of stay, but also told the whole story about the panic, restlessness and everything out of the normal track, which provided a typical environment for the performance of tragedy.
Pu Qilong pointed out that this poem "A tiger catches people" ("Reading Du Xin Jie") is not only about "arresting people at the official night", but also about the environment of the first sentence. The sentence "arresting people at the night of being an official" is the outline of the whole article, and the following plots all come from here.
Saying "arresting people" instead of "recruiting soldiers", "counting soldiers" and "recruiting soldiers" is exposed and criticized in the truthful description. Coupled with the word "night", the meaning is even richer.
First, it shows that the government's "arresting people" often happens, and people hide or resist during the day and cannot "catch" them; Second, it shows that the means of "arresting people" by county officials is vicious, and they make a sudden attack at night when the people have fallen asleep. At the same time, the poet threw himself into Shihao Village at dusk. Several hours have passed from dusk to night, and of course he has fallen asleep by this time. So he didn't take part in the later activities, but heard them through the door.
The phrase "the old man crosses the wall and the old woman goes out" shows that the people have suffered from Ding for a long time and have no peace day and night; Even in the middle of the night, I still fidgeted. As soon as I heard the noise outside the door, I knew that the county officials had come to "arrest people" again. The old man immediately fled over the wall, and the old woman opened the door to deal with it. These sixteen sentences can be regarded as the second paragraph, from "why do officials get angry when they shout" to "it is better to prepare for cooking in the morning"
"History is called a what anger! Why do women cry! " In two sentences, the sharp contradiction between "official" and "female" is summarized extremely incisively and vividly, and written vividly. A "shout", a "cry", an "anger" and a "bitterness" form a strong contrast; The two adverbials "Yihe" add more emotional color, effectively rendering the savage momentum of the county official like a wolf, and creating an atmosphere of grief and indignation for the old woman's complaint below.
The two sides of the contradiction have a master-slave and causal relationship. "Why do women cry" is forced by "why do officials cry and get angry".
Below, the poet no longer writes "official call", but writes "women cry" and "official call" to see himself. "Listen to your wife first" is a link between the preceding and the following.
That "listening" is the poet's "listening" and that "delivering a speech" is the old woman's "bitter cry" in response to the county magistrate's "angry cry". Thirteen poems with the content of "making a speech" have changed their rhymes many times, with obvious turning points, suggesting that county officials "shouted angrily" and pressed the topic many times.
When reading these thirteen poems, don't think that the "old woman" said them all at once, while the county officials are all ears. In fact, "Why are officials angry?" Why do women cry? "Not only at the beginning of the activity, but also until the end of the activity.
It is the first turning point from "three people guarding Yecheng" to "the dead are gone". As you can imagine, this is the first time that county officials have forced questions and complaints.
Before this, the poet once wrote about the county officials catching tigers and arresting people with the phrase "officials catch people at night". When the old woman went out to see it, she jumped in. The thief looked everywhere, but couldn't find a man. She closed her eyes.
Then he shouted, "Where are all the men in your family? Hand it over! " The old woman sobbed and said, "All three sons are soldiers guarding Yecheng. One son just wrote that the other two sons are dead! ..... "Tears, maybe the county officials don't believe it, but also take out the letter to the county officials.
In short, "the living drag out an ignoble existence, and the dead are long gone!" " The situation is sympathetic enough, and she hopes to win the sympathy of county officials and be lenient. Unexpectedly, the county magistrate was angry again: "Is there no one else in your family? Hand it over! " She had to complain about this: "There is no one in the room, only the nursing children."
These two sentences may not be said at once, because there is an obvious contradiction between "no one" and the following answer. The reasonable explanation is: the old woman said first: "There is no one at home!" " "At this time, hiding somewhere in the daughter-in-law's arms, my grandson was scared to cry by the roar, but it didn't help to cover his mouth.
So the county magistrate seized the handle and threatened: "How dare you lie! Isn't there a child crying? " The old woman had no choice but to say, "There is only one grandson! Still eating milk, very small! " "Who eats milk? There must be a mother! Don't hand her over! " What the old lady was worried about finally happened! She had to bite the bullet and explain: "The grandson had a mother, and her husband died in Yecheng, and he didn't remarry because he had to nurse. Pity her rags, how can she meet people! Do me a favor! " ("Grandma didn't go, the skirt didn't end", and some notebooks read "Grandma is not easy to get out, and the official didn't end the skirt", which shows that the county official wants her to get out.
3. In Du Fu's poem satirizing war, petals fall like tears, and lonely birds sing their sadness. What spring looks like.
The war lasted for more than half a year, and letters from home were rare, with a hundred thousand gold. What spring looks like.
Long in the middle, the hair is tied up with a headscarf, and when I come back, I am bald and guarding the border. Military vehicle shop
On the border, people's blood flows like the sea, while the heart of Emperor Wu is still beating for the war. Military vehicle shop
Who can get married and live in a neighbor's house, while we bury our children underground! Military vehicle shop
Stark sounded the fifth watch, drums and horns rang, and stars and Tianhe danced on three mountains. Night at the pavilion
Wan Li defended with all his might, and bonfires were everywhere. Say goodbye to the old
My wife blames me, and I'm still crying. Three songs of Qiangzhai
Gan Kun is covered with scars, when will his troubles stop? northern expedition
Rabbit silk is covered with hemp, so it is not long. Wedding farewell
She said that land rent and forced taxes have become poor, and she thought of the current situation and tears of chaos. Wu Lang again.
I've been writing poems all my life. Alas, I haven't met a bosom friend yet. The South
Andrew's brave men have defended Tianhe, so there is no need to wash their nails. Wash soldiers and horses
Du Fu's poems about war are in urgent need of thanks.
Author: Du Fu
Although a country is divided, mountains and rivers will continue to exist, and spring will turn green again.
Petals fall like tears, and lonely birds sing their sadness.
After three months of war, a letter from home is worth a ton of gold 2.
I stroke my white hair. It has become so thin that it can no longer hold hairpins.
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1. Although the country is divided, the mountains and rivers remain forever: the mountains and rivers remain unchanged, the personnel have changed, and the country has been broken. Spring came to Beijing, but palaces and houses were abandoned and overgrown with weeds.
2. There are two explanations for these two sentences: one is that the poet saw Bloom crying because he was sentimental about current events, worried about his loved ones (or tears splashed on flowers), and was frightened when he heard birds singing. In addition, it is said that it is anthropomorphic with flowers and birds, because it hurts when you feel confused, flowers also cry, and birds are also heart-pounding. You can say both.
Three months in a row: it means that two springs have passed since last year's war. Up to10,000 yuan: It is said that there are few letters from home.
4.Hun desire: I just want it. Incredible: the hair is so small that it can't even be inserted into a hairpin.
This poem was written in March of the second year of Zhide (757). Du Fu was still trapped in Chang 'an, which was occupied by An Shi Rebellion. The poet saw that the mountains and rivers were still there, and the country was ruined, but the land was desolate in spring, and he couldn't help but feel deeply moved and sad. The first two sentences focus on the overall situation and are tragic; The second sentence starts from a small place. I cried when I saw Bloom, and I was shocked when I heard the birds singing. Shen Deqian noticed that the writing of these two poems is in sharp contrast, that is, "All are happy and all are sad" (Different Poems of Tang Dynasty). Five or six sentences are concerned about the country and the family, and seven or eight sentences are deep sorrow. The whole poem is full of scenes, and the feelings of worrying about the country and homesickness are touching, especially those five or six sentences, which have become widely read because they tell a common spiritual phenomenon in human life. Sima Guang once advocated writing poems "between the lines, which makes people think and get it". He said that "modern poets are all the best poets of beauty" and took this poem as an example (see Wen Gong's continued poem). There is also a cloud in the classification of Tang poetry: "The poem of Zi Mei is thoughtful and sentimental, and its meaning is beyond words." Late hay
5. A collection of ancient poems about war 1 Wan Li goes to Rongji, and the mountains are flying. (Northern Dynasty folk song Mulan Poetry)
2800 Li fire, 50 chords sound beyond the Great Wall. This is a military parade on the battlefield in autumn. (Xin Qiji's "Breaking the War and Chen Tongfu Breaking the Argument")
After three months of war, a letter from home is worth a ton of gold. (Du Fu's "Spring Hope")
The living drag out an ignoble existence, while the dead grow up. (Du Fu's "Li Shihao")
5 drunk lying on the battlefield, you don't laugh, several people have played since ancient times. (Two Liangzhou Poems by William Wang (I))
The moon was bright in the Qin dynasty, closed in the Han dynasty, and the Long March people did not return it. (Wang Changling's "Out of the Plug")
7 intense anxiety, carrying hunger and thirst. (The Book of Songs adopts Wei)
8 half a roll of red flag is near the water, and the frost is heavy and cold. (Li He's Wild Goose Gate Taishouxing)
When the east wind doesn't follow, Tongquetai locks Er Qiao in spring. (Du Mu's Red Cliff)
10 Better be a centurion than a scholar. (Yang Jiong's "Joining the Army")
6. A poem about the theme of war, the ancient poem "Hope in Spring"
Tang Dynasty: Du Fu
Chang' an fell, the country was broken, and only the mountains and rivers remained; Spring has come, and the sparsely populated Chang' an city is densely forested.
Sad state, can not help but burst into tears, amazing birds, leaving sorrow and hate.
The war lasted for more than half a year, and letters from home were rare, with a hundred thousand gold.
Twisting with melancholy, scratching my head and thinking, the more I scratch my white hair, I can hardly insert a hairpin.
translate
Chang' an fell and the country was broken, leaving only mountains and rivers; Spring has come, and Chang 'an, which is sparsely populated, has dense vegetation.
Feeling defeated, I burst into tears when I saw Bloom, and I was disappointed and resentful, and I was frightened when I heard birds singing.
The continuous war has lasted for more than half a year, and there are few letters from home. A letter is worth twelve thousand gold.
Worried, scratching my head, my white hair is getting shorter and shorter, and I can't insert it.
To annotate ...
Country: The capital refers to Chang 'an (now Xi 'an, Shaanxi). Break: fall. Mountains and rivers still exist: the old mountains and rivers still exist.
City: Chang 'an City. Deep planting: refers to a vast territory with few people.
Sense of time: sentimentality about the present situation of the country. Splash: Tears.
Hate parting: regret parting.
Beacon: Fireworks used in ancient frontier warning refers to the war of An Shi Rebellion. March: the first month, February and March.
Arrival: value, quite.
Whitehead: here refers to white hair. Scratch: scratch gently with your fingers.
Xiongnu: Very simple. Desire: think, want, want. Win: endure, endure.
Hairpin: a kind of jewelry for tying hair. Ancient men had long hair, which was tied on the top of their heads when they were adults and inserted horizontally with hairpins to avoid scattering.
Extended data
The first part "two dikes"
Tang Dynasty: Wang Changling
It is still the moon and border pass in Qin and Han dynasties, and the enemy has fought a protracted war.
If Wei Qing, who attacked Longcheng, and Li Guang, the flying general, were alive today, the Huns would not be allowed to go south to spend their horses in Yinshan.
translate
Or the bright moon border during the Qin and Han Dynasties, how many soldiers Wan Li went to war and did not return.
If Wei Qing, the flying general of Dragon City, were still here today, he would not let the enemy's hands step on the shady mountain.
To annotate ...
But as long as
Dragon City Flying Generals: According to the biography of Han Wei Qing and Huo Qubing, in the sixth year of Yuanguang (129 BC), Wei Qing was a general, riding a chariot, went out of the valley to Cage City, where he was beheaded and captured hundreds of people. Yan Shigu noticed that "cage" and "dragon" are the same. Feilong refers to Wei Qing's surprise attack on Dragon City.
Don't teach: don't call, don't let. Teach, let.
Huma: refers to foreign cavalry invading the mainland.
Degree: Over. On the long border, the war has never stopped, and the soldiers who went to the frontier to fight have not returned. If General Wei Qing who attacked Liuzhou and General Li Guang who flew in were alive today, they would never let the enemy cross the Yinshan Mountain.
7. The poem about war is 1. Although a country is divided, mountains and rivers last forever, and trees and grass are green again in spring. (Du Fu's "Spring Hope")
After three months of war, a message from hometown is worth a ton of gold. (Du Fu's "Spring Hope")
3, air flow, cold light iron. ("Mulan Poetry")
4. Go to Taiwan to recruit old employees, and the standard is 100,000 yuan to cut Yamaraja. (Chen Yi's meiling three chapters)
5, the corner is full of autumn colors, stuffed with rouge and purple at night. (Li He's Wild Goose Gate Taishouxing)
6, lying at night listening to the wind and rain, iron horse glacier dream. (Lu You's November 4th storm)
7, people are not sleepy, the general has white hair and tears. (Fan Zhongyan's "The Fisherman's Pride")
8. See the sword when you are drunk and blow the horn in your dream. Give the roast beef to the men and the band will play northern songs. This is a military parade on the battlefield in autumn. (Xin Qiji's "Breaking the Array-A Gift to Zhuang Ci from Chen Tongfu")
9. Work hard, then decline, and finally run out. ("Zuo Zhuan-Debate on Cao Gui")
10, Mr. Wang is in office, and I don't know his date. (The Battle of the Book of Songs)
1 1. Before listening to his wife's speech: three men are guarding Yecheng. One man attached a book, and two men died. (Du Fu's "Li Shihao")
12, I won't sell the broken halberd and heavy sand iron, so I'll wash it and recognize the former dynasty. (Du Mu's Red Cliff)
8. In Du Fu's war poem "Three Officials and Three Farewells to Military Vehicle Shop", the three officials in Du Fu's Northern Expedition were "Xin 'an Official", "Tongguan Official" and "Shihao Official", and the other three were "newly married", "resigned" and "homeless". Xin 'an officials are visiting Xin 'an Road, clamoring for soldiers.
Excuse me, Xin 'an: Is the county still smaller? Last night, the government selected the male line. China men are absolutely short, so why should they guard the city? The fat man is from his mother, and the thin man is alone.
White water flows eastward at dusk, and Qingshan is still crying. Don't let your eyes dry, collect your tears.
Dry eyes see bones, and heaven and earth are ruthless. Our army takes Xiangzhou and watches it every day.
You never know what a thief is, but a military star will leave the camp. As far as food is concerned, the soldiers are still in Beijing.
If you can't dig trenches, the horse herding service is also light. The situation is Wang Shishun, and his upbringing is very clear.
Don't cry when you send me. Servants shoot like fathers and brothers. Tongguan officials and foot soldiers were careless and built Tongguan Road.
Railways in big cities are not as good as those in small cities. I would like to ask Tongguan officials: it is still necessary to repair the customs.
Tell me to dismount and show me a corner of the mountain. Even the clouds are fighting, and birds can't get through.
Stupid but self-controlled, how can you worry about western capital? Father-in-law sees the heavy place, and the bicycle is narrow. Practice the halberd hard and use your husband through the ages.
Alas, the battle of Taolin turned millions into fish! Please advise Guan Jiang not to learn from Shu Ge! Shi Hao officials went to Shihao Village at dusk, and some officials arrested people at night. The old man climbed over the wall and left, while the old woman went out to watch.
Why are officials angry? Why do women cry? Before listening to his wife's speech: three men are guarding Yecheng. One man attached a book, and two men died.
Those who drag out an ignoble existence are dead. There is no one in the room, only a baby and a grandson.
Sun Youmu didn't go, and he didn't wear clothes in and out. A grandchild came out and saw that the official was not wearing a skirt. )
Although an old woman is weak, please come back at night. If you are in a hurry to serve Shirley in the river and Yang, you might as well prepare the meal in the morning.
The night is long and silent, like crying and choking. Dawn will rise into the future, leaving the old man alone.
The newly-married rabbit is covered with hemp, so it is not long. It is better to abandon the roadside than to marry a woman and ask for a husband.
If you get married, you won't warm your bed. It is too hasty to say goodbye at dusk.
Although your trip is not far, keep the border and go to Heyang. Why should I worship my aunt when my body is not clear? When my parents raised me, they made me hide day and night.
If you have a daughter, you will get a chicken and a dog. You're going to die today, and you're forced to suffer.
Swear to go with you, the situation is yellow. Don't worry about the wedding, work hard.
Women in the army are afraid of being soldiers. Because I am a poor woman, I have been in a position for a long time.
Lolo quit and washed his red makeup. Looking up at a hundred birds flying, your body will double.
There are many personnel mistakes, facing Jun Yong. The suburbs are not peaceful when they are old.
Children and grandchildren died in battle, how can they be immune? Throw away the crutches and go out to fight. The same person in the same group shed tears for me. Fortunately, my teeth are good and my appetite is not diminished, and my sad body is as thin as firewood and withered.
Armored and armored, the man had no choice but to say goodbye to the leader. I am sad to hear my wife sleeping on the road, and I still have thin pants and sheets in winter.
Who knows if he will die? It hurts and is cold. I can't go home yet, but I still listen to her urging me to do my best.
The defense of Tumen is strong, and the natural barrier in Xingzhen is difficult to smuggle. The situation is no longer the battle of the city in those days, even at the time of death.
Life has ups and downs, don't choose ups and downs. Thinking of the peaceful young people in the past, they can't help sighing for a long time.
The army is generally recruiting troops, and the war has permeated Lu' an. The remains of a tree and a blade of grass, a blade of grass and a blade of grass, are all red on the beach.
Why is hometown a paradise? Dare Ann Ringer? Resolutely abandon the hut and go to the front, the sky is really broken! Homeless and lonely, after Tianbao, the garden is full of wormwood.
I live in more than one hundred homes, and the world is a mess. There is no news of the survivors, and the dead are dust and mud.
Because of the defeat, the bitch came back to find the old way. After a long walk, I saw an empty lane, and it was thin and miserable.
But for Kitsune to tanuki, my hair stands on end. What are the neighbors? One or two widowed women.
Love birds and branches, quiet and poor. Fang Chun hoes alone and irrigates at dusk.
When the county magistrate knew I was here, he called to learn drum sets. Although he served in the state, he had no one to take care of.
I only dress up when I am near, and I get lost when I am far away. There are swings everywhere in my hometown, and the distance is neat.
A mother who is always in pain and has been ill for a long time, appoints a ditch flow for five years. I was born weak and sour about life.
Life is homeless, why is it steaming? Military vehicle shop (Xing) Du Fu's car (Lin), car (Xing) each carries a bow and arrow around his waist. Yes (through "Ye", father), my mother's wife went to see her off until the dust would bury the bridge outside Chang 'an.
They run after you, crying, pulling your sleeve and crying into the sky. Passers-by ask people to walk (xíng), people walk (xíng), but clouds walk frequently (háng).
Some people go to the north of the Yellow River at the age of fifteen, even if they go to the western border to open up wasteland at the age of forty. When they set out, the mayor wrapped their headscarves and returned to the head of the white ring (hái) to guard the border.
Countless border guards shed blood and sacrificed to form seawater, and the concept of border defense in Huang Wu has not stopped. You haven't heard that in a city with 200 states in Shandong Province, nothing grows except weeds in thousands of villages.
Even if a strong woman plows the field with a hoe, nothing will grow on the crops in the field. Moreover, the soldiers of the Qin Dynasty can fight hard, and there is no difference between chickens and dogs when they are rushed to fight.
No matter what demands are made on them, does the soldier dare to expand his hatred? Just like this winter, we didn't stop the soldiers west of Hangukou from enlisting. The county magistrate urgently urges people to pay taxes. Where does the tax come from? We know that having a son will bring bad luck, and having a daughter will be much better. ..
Girls can also marry their nearest neighbors, and boys will die in battle. Didn't you see Qinghai Head, where all the old bones were abandoned?
The new ghost wailed there, while the old ghost made the loudest sound in the stormy dark sky.