1, Chileger
Chilechuan, under the shady mountain, the sky is like a vault. Cage covers four areas. The sky is gray, the fields are boundless, and the wind and grass are low.
This almost familiar song comes from Yuefu folk songs in Northern Qi Dynasty. It is a folk song of the Chilean people in the Northern Qi Dynasty, which was translated from Xianbei into Chinese. Its meaning is simple and needs no explanation.
2. Jiangnan (the author is anonymous)
Jiangnan can pick lotus, lotus leaves are sweet! Fish play in the lotus leaves; Fish hits the lotus leaf east, fish hits the lotus leaf west, fish hits the lotus leaf south, and fish hits the lotus leaf north. (Tian Tian: Lotus leaves are densely floating on the water)
This is a folk song of Han Yuefu, which is very simple and hardly needs explanation. It is to express the joy of working people in ancient Jiangnan (Jiangnan mainly refers to Yangzhou in Han Dynasty).
A song of Tao Yuanming is in the garden house.
I planted beans at the foot of Nanshan, and the weeds in the field were covered with peas. Get up early in the morning to get rid of weeds, and come back with hoes in the moonlight at night. The narrow path covered with vegetation, the night dew wet my clothes. It's not a pity to get wet, but I hope it won't be against my will.
The song "Return" by Tao Yuanming is not very famous. Well-known is another song, which begins with "No rhyme, naturally love Qiushan" in high school textbooks. But because it mainly reflects Tao Yuanming's resignation, personal feelings are too heavy, and what you want is simple folk customs, so I chose this song.
The meaning is also relatively simple, describing Tao Yuanming's working life in other places after he lived in seclusion in Nanshan. Tao Yuanming planted beans in a field under the South Mountain, but the field was overgrown with weeds. He got up early to weed and prepare the soil, and didn't go home with a hoe until the moon rose at night. The field path is covered with tall and lush weeds, the night dew condenses on the grass, and the clothes are wet. The hermit doesn't feel bitter about the hard life of staying up late. As long as he can live a free and unfettered life, physical hardship is nothing. The last sentence "but do whatever you want" refers to seclusion.
This poem seems ordinary, with simple words and seemingly handy. However, to understand the artistic conception of this poem, we must understand the background of the Wei and Jin Dynasties in which the author lived, as well as the humanistic environment in which celebrities generally admired Laozi and Zhuangzi's thoughts and yearned for seclusion. From birth to final birth, Tao Yuanming is a tortuous psychological transformation process, which can not be summarized by a simple allusion of "five buckets of rice don't bend over".
4. Wang Wei, Farmer on Wei River
In the countryside where the sun is setting, cattle and sheep go home along the path. A rugged old man in a thatched door leaned against a cane and thought about his son, the shepherd boy. There are whistling pheasants? Full ears of wheat, sleeping silkworms and peeled mulberry leaves. The farmers who came back with hoes greeted each other cordially. No wonder I long for a simple life and sigh the old song, oh, back to the past! .
This poem is about rural life. When the poet faced the sunset, the night fell, and the complacent Tian Jia came back to see the scenery late, he suddenly felt envious. The first four sentences are about the leisurely scene when the family is dying. Write five or six sentences about agriculture. Seven or eight sentences about farmers' leisure. The last two sentences were written out of leisure and envy. The whole poem depicts the dusk scenery of villages in the early summer of Weihe River basin by line drawing, which is fresh, natural and poetic. The village is full of the afterglow of the sunset, and cattle and sheep are returning along the deep alleys. The old man was thinking about his grandchildren who were eating grass. He waited in his firewood with a crutch. Pheasants are chirping, wheat is heading, silkworms are asleep, and mulberry leaves are sparse. The farmers returned to the village with hoes, smiling and reluctant to part. How can I not envy being so comfortable? I couldn't help singing "Decline" in frustration. ("Decline" is a poem in the Book of Songs, "Decline, Decline, Hu Bugui ...", describing seclusion. ) There are many other poems by Wang Wei that also describe rural life. If you are interested, you can double them.
Since the Book of Songs, ancient poems have written about the feelings of men and women, many feelings of husband and wife, many family life, many friends' contacts and many memories of parting. Career is full of pride, more ambitious, more ambitious. Borrowing from the past to describe the present, exposing the shortcomings of the times and touching the scene are mostly the case. Most poets are literati, always in spring, and there are really not many people who simply describe simple folk customs! Maybe I have too little knowledge. Provide these songs first!