There is a story in the earliest encyclopedia Shan Hai Jing: "Beyond the East China Sea, between the mountain springs, there is a country of rivers. A woman named is Di Jun's wife. She was born ten days ago and often takes a bath. "
That is to say, he has a woman named in xi. She is Di Jun's wife and gave birth to ten suns. "Mother of the Sun" is one of the legends about He.
Xi, he is also Sun's driver. "Song of Sao" said: "I ask He Shen to look forward to it, but I don't have to." (hey: calm down; Yi: The meaning of this poem is: driving a carriage unhurriedly and walking home against the sun.
Xi He grasps the rhythm of time and pushes the sun forward from east to west every day. Because of this unusual ability, Xi He became a calendar maker in ancient times. "Yao Dian of Shangshu" said: "What is the fate? If you respect heaven, your calendar is like the sun, the moon and the stars, and you respect people." -and instruct him to pay close attention to the cycle of time, measure the running laws of the sun, the moon and the stars, and work out a calendar for calculating time for everyone.
He Tribe Site is located in Tiantai Mountain, a tourist scenic spot of Sun Culture Source in Tanggu, Rizhao City, Shandong Province, on the coast of the East China Sea. There are the remains of the sun god stone, the mausoleum of the sun god, the mother temple, the statue of the ancestor, the stone sundial for observing astronomy, the sacrificial platform, the stone chair, the stone mill and the stone pier. Stone axes, Shi Mao, stone shovels, stone arrows and other cultural relics have been unearthed.
According to Shan Hai Jing, Shangshu and Historical Records, he worshiped the sun in Tanggu and watched the celestial phenomena in Tiantai Mountain. Emperor Yao "what is his life, respecting the sky like the sun, the moon and the stars, and teaching people". Dayu, Tai Hao, Boyi and other descendants once established a powerful ancient country of Dongyi in the area of Yaowangcheng site under the mountain, and now they are national key cultural relics protection units.
Textual research on He Tribe Site is as follows:
Shan Hai Jing. "Wild South Classic" records: "Beyond the Southeast Sea, between Gansu and Gansu, what is the country?" A woman named Di Jun's wife was born ten days ago and is taking a bath. " . Shan Hai Jing. "Wild East longitude" says: "Beyond the East China Sea, Zhuan Xu, a Confucian emperor, abandoned his harp and harp for his country. Gam San, Gan Yuan and sweet water ". Guo Pu, an expert on the Classic of Mountains and Seas, commented on this. He said: "This classic is actually a sweet garden of the Wild South Garden Classic."
Shao Hao is a tribal name from the late Dawenkou culture to the middle Longshan culture. Although the sequence of He and He is unknown, according to Shan Hai Jing, there is no doubt that the country and He Zhi are the same on the horizon.
The eastern coast of Rizhao was called "East Sea" or "Southeast Sea" in ancient times, as evidenced by the Records of Rizhao County in the 11th year of Guangxu in Qing Dynasty (Figure 3). In the Spring and Autumn Period, Zuo Zhuan was published for two years, saying that Yue Ji said, "Your surname wins, and then Shao Hao. Zhou Wuwang was sealed in Jun 'an, and he began to seek something, then moved to Jun 'an, and now Chengyang Jun 'an is also ". Hanshu. Geographical records show that "residence is the surname of the old country, and it was destroyed by Chu in the 30 th century, and then it was". Shao Hao worships birds, and Yan Shi notes Hanshu? According to geographical records, "Birds live in Haiqu, and Rong Zhi is like a bird". Rizhao was called Haiqu in Han Dynasty. Dongyi people in Haiqu are called "birds" because they try their best to imitate birds in dress and behavior, and totem imitation is an important aspect of totem belief. In the seventeenth year of Zuo Zhuan, Zhao Gong said, "My great-great grandfather, Shao Hao, was loyal to me. I learned birds and named them after birdmen. Professor Wang Qing said in the article "From Dawenkou to Longshan: An Archaeological Exploration of the Migration and Development of Shao Hao Family": "The Shao Hao family is an important branch of the prehistoric Dongyi people. Archaeological findings of Wen Tao and tombs prove that Shao Hao family not only existed in Dawenkou culture period, but also continued into Longshan culture period, during which it experienced a process of continuous migration and development. In the late Dawenkou period, Lingyang River in Juxian County was the center, and it moved to Wulian Dantu No.1 at the end of Dawenkou. Longshan moved to Yaowangcheng and Liangcheng in Rizhao in the early and middle period, forming a super-large center in coastal areas. At the end of the middle Longshan period, it moved to Linqu Zhu Feng area, and at the end of Longshan period, it moved to Qufu area. The migration process of Shao Hao family is a process of continuous development and improvement of civilization level, and it has experienced a social transformation from an ancient country to a square country. At the end of Longshan culture, the Shao Hao family declined and rose from Hao Tao and Boyi in Dongyi.
Rizhao is the territory of Shao Hao and Boyi, and their ancestors got the surname of Juguo. Our country and ours are the same on the horizon, so sunshine is a part of China.
Rizhao is the location of Yiyi.
According to Shang Shu Yao Dian, the Tang Valley (Sui Valley) where xi bathed in sunshine was in a place called Yi Yi. "What is life, Qin Re knowledge of heaven, such as the sun, the moon and the stars, teach people. Life is divided into the west and China, and the family is broken and the valley is broken. " Kong Anguo noted the cloud: "The land of Dongyi is called Yi." Yiyi is in Qingzhou, east of China. "Shang Gong" said: "The sea and wearing only Qingzhou: Yi Yi is short, Wei and Zi have their own way."
Shangshu He also said: "Shanghai, Dai and Huai are only Xuzhou. Huai Yi's art, Yu Meng's art; Xiao Ye is a pig ... floating in Huai Si and reaching for the river (Holland) ". Some people in history think that sunshine belongs to Xuzhou. According to the Book of History. According to Yugong, the Yihe River basin undoubtedly belongs to Xuzhou, but Rizhao area is east of Shuhe River, which seems not to belong to Xuzhou. Because Xuzhou people are called Huaiyi and Xu Yi in Gong Yu in history. If Rizhao belongs to Xuzhou, then the ancestor of Rizhao should be Huai Yi, which is obviously inconsistent with historical records. There is no record of a pregnant woman in Rizhao area in history and legend.
According to the map of Kyushu, Gong Yu (Figure 4) in Sikuquanshu compiled during the Southern Song Dynasty or the reign of Qing Qianlong, Rizhao belongs to Qingzhou. The picture is bounded by Mount Tai, Mengshan and Yushan, with Qingzhou in the north and Huaiyi in Xuzhou in the south, including Rizhao area.
In ancient times, Iraq was also called Yu Yi or Yu Yi. According to "Wang's Investigation and Comment on Tanggu" edited by Xu in Guangxu period of Qing Dynasty, Rizhao area belongs to a corner: "Try sailing, come by yourself, board dozens of poor islands, rest in the mountains, respect the sea and go south. It is impossible for those who seek the so-called corner valley. " Case: Move the historical book "The Book of the First Emperor" to establish a stone boundary, which is the cloud of the East Gate of Qin Dynasty. Those who crossed the border are now in Haizhou Town, Gu Shan County. Qin unified the world, and Yu's territory is the widest, so it is appropriate to take this mountain as the eastern boundary of Yu's family. Cloudy and rainy in the sea, 200 miles a week, is undoubtedly a corner. Dong Lei faces the valley to the east, and the rising sun shines at four o'clock. Strange peaks and strange valleys, exotic flowers and plants, will be xi Tanggu where he lives. Although Lin's conclusion about Tanggu Canyon seems arbitrary, Lianyungang is right. Shan Hai Jing. It is recorded in Haineijing: "Crossing a boat in the sea is called Yuzhou. "Mr. He Guangyue also believes that most of Yuzhou (Yuntai Mountain near Lianyungang, Jiangsu Province, formerly known as Yuzhou) in the history of the origin of Dongyi is the place where more than one person lives. That is to say, the distribution of the hornbeam starts from Langya in the north and reaches Lianyungang in Jiangsu in the south, which is not only consistent with the map of Kyushu in Gong Yu, but also supported by the archaeological evidence of the landing of rattan flowers (Longshan cultural site).
Mr. Wang Shougong of Shandong Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology pointed out in his book Longshan Culture in Shandong Province: "The types of Yaowangcheng are mainly distributed in the southeast of Shandong, Shan Zhinan and the east of Mengshan. The terrain of this area is mainly hilly, with a large area of valley plain in the middle. The west and north sides of this type are adjacent to Yinjiacheng type and Yaoguanzhuang type respectively, east to the Yellow Sea, and the south boundary is about north of Longhai Railway. The administrative divisions include Linyi and Rizhao and part of the northeast corner of Jiangsu. " "According to the distribution characteristics of the site, it can be speculated that Rizhao and Linyi are the centers of the types of Yaowangcheng. The geographical environment here is characterized by flat terrain, fertile land and many rivers, and the ancient environment is not much different from the present. Archaeological findings show that the Longshan cultural sites here are very dense and there are many large-scale sites. " The area of underground archaeological medicine Wangcheng type is the distribution range of Yi people.
In addition, historical records recorded that Rizhao belonged to Qingzhou in Shang and Zhou Dynasties. According to the geographical knowledge when Yu Gong was written or the concept of Kyushu, Jiaolai Plain is still a land of sea or swamp, Shandong hills are islands, and Rizhao area is located in the easternmost part of China, where the sun rises from the sea and is the "first light of sunrise". The worship of the sun here has its geographical reasons.
Figure 3 Map of Rizhao County Records in the 11th year of Guangxu reign in Qing Dynasty
Figure 4 Landscape map of Kyushu, Gong Yu.
The sun, the spirit of the sun in Han mythology, is a three-legged crow. There are ten crows. They live on the hibiscus tree in the East China Sea, and their mother He rises from the hibiscus tree in turn, and passes through the mountain like, Zengquan, Sangye, Yuzhong, Kunwu Mountain, Bird Mountain, Sad Valley, Nuwa,, Sad Spring and Yuyuan Garden.
Dong Jun, the god of Chu mythology in ancient China. The seventh poem in the famous poem "Nine Songs" by Chu poet Qu Yuan is called "Dong Jun". There have been different opinions about the God of Dong Jun. It is generally believed that Dong Jun refers to the sun god, but there is also a moon god. The God of the East Emperor Taiyi praised in the first chapter of Nine Songs seems to be more obvious as the God of the sun, so Dong Jun is the East Emperor Taiyi.
The ancestors of the Chinese nation regarded their ancestor Yan Di as the sun god.