Farewell to School Secretary Shu Yun at Xie Tiao Tower in Xuanzhou
Author: Li Bai Era: Tang Genre: Seven Ancients Category: Unknown
Those who abandon me, yesterday I can't stay that day;
Those who disturb my heart will have many worries today.
The long wind sends the autumn geese flying thousands of miles away, and you can enjoy this high-rise building.
The Penglai article is built with bones in mind, with small Xie in the middle and clear hair.
We are all full of joy and hope, and want to go up to the sky to embrace the bright moon.
Cut the knife to cut off the water, the water will flow more, and raise the cup to eliminate the sorrow and make it more sorrowful.
If life is not satisfactory in this world, the Ming Dynasty will be ruined.
Notes:
Xuanzhou: present-day Xuancheng County, Anhui Province. Xie Tiao Tower: also known as Xie Gong Tower, also known as North Tower. School Secretary: Official name, abbreviation of School Secretary. Cloud: Li Yun. Penglai: refers to the Dongguan where books were collected during the Eastern Han Dynasty. Jian'an bone refers to the vigorous and fresh style of the works of Cao Cao and his son and the seven sons of Jian'an during the Jian'an period of Emperor Xian of the Han Dynasty, which was called "Jian'an style" by later generations.
Brief analysis:
The focus of this poem is not to write about the emotions of separation, but mainly to express feelings and complaints about the failure of one's ideals and ambitions to be realized. The whole poem is full of melancholy and unrestrained emotions, and almost every sentence is the essence. It is one of the representative works of Li Bai's poetry. The poem aims to compare Li Yun with Penglai's article and express himself with Xie Qing. I use farewell to express my gratitude to the other person, but I regret that he will not be able to live in this world.
The first two sentences do not say farewell or write about the building, but directly express the depression and worry in the heart. There is a sudden turning point in the third and fourth sentences, from
depression to a refreshing and magnificent state, unfolding a picture of seeing wild geese in the autumn sky. One "send" and one "enjoy" highlight the theme of "farewell". "Penglai" four sentences, praising the other party's article is like the Penglai Palace, which is secluded, vigorous and vigorous, and has the style of Jian'an.
He also revealed his talents, expressed gratitude and self-comparison, and expressed his pursuit of noble ideals. At the same time, it also expresses the poet's
literary view. The last four sentences express emotion. Ideal and reality are irreconcilable. I can't help but feel worried and depressed, so I have no choice but to seek sustenance in "making a flat boat"
Thoughts and feelings are changing rapidly, and the artistic structure is ups and downs, ups and downs without any reason, and intermittently, which profoundly expresses the poet's contradictory mood. The language is bold and natural, and the melody is harmonious and unified. "Cut the knife to cut off the water, the water will flow again, raise a glass to eliminate sorrow and sorrow will become more sorrowful" is a famous saying that has been used to describe melancholy for thousands of years, and has been praised by many.
--Quoted from "Chaochunzhai Poetry" bookbest.163.net Translation and analysis: Liu Jianxun
This is Li Bai's farewell secretary Li Yunzhi when he was in Xuancheng in the last years of Tianbao do. Xie Tiao Tower was built by Xie Tiao, a famous poet in the Southern Qi Dynasty, when he was the prefect of Xuancheng. It is also known as Bei Tower and Xiegong Tower. The title of the poem is "A Song to Accompany Yu Shuhua on Climbing the Tower".
In the beginning, I didn’t write about the building, let alone say goodbye. Instead, I stood up on the wall and expressed my depression directly. "Yesterday's day" and "today's day" refer to the many "yesterdays" that have abandoned me and the "todays" that have followed one after another. That is to say, every day I feel deeply that the sun and moon are no longer there, time is hard to stop, I am upset, and I feel sad, angry, and dejected. This not only contains the spiritual anguish of "the achievements are never fulfilled, but the time is rushed", and it also embodies the poet's feelings about the dirty political reality. His "worry" does not start from "today", nor is his "worry" limited to one end. It can be said that this is an artistic summary of his long-term political experiences and feelings. The depth, breadth and intensity of the worry and indignation reflect the increasing corruption of the government since Tianbao and the increasing personal embarrassment of Li Bai. The intense mental anguish caused by the sharp contradiction between ideal and reality finds a suitable form of expression here. The beginning that came out of nowhere, the overlapping language (it said "abandon me" and "can't stay"; it said "confused my heart" and "many worries"), and the long and vigorous words. The eleven-character sentence pattern vividly shows the poet's deep depression, intense sorrow and anger, chaotic mood, and emotional state that is on the verge of breaking out and cannot be suppressed.
There is a sudden turning point in two or three sentences: Facing the clear autumn sky and looking at the magnificent scenery of wild geese blown by the wind thousands of miles away, I can't help but arouse the passion and joy of drinking high-rise buildings. These two sentences show a magnificent and clear picture of the autumn sky in front of the readers, and also show the poet's heroic and broad mind. Suddenly from extreme depression to a state of exhilaration and magnificence, it seems that the change is unpredictable and incredible. But this is what makes Li Bai Li Bai. Precisely because he has lofty ideals and ambitions and has been suppressed by the dark and dirty environment for a long time, he always yearns for the vast space where he can roam freely. When I look at the scene of "the long wind blowing away the autumn geese", I feel refreshed, my worries are swept away, I feel a kind of comfort that my mind and state are in harmony, and the excitement of "drinking from a high building" arises spontaneously. .
The next two sentences of "Chenggaolou Farewell" are written respectively for the host and the guest. Scholars in the Eastern Han Dynasty called Dongguan (the government's book collection institution) the Taoist Penglai Mountain, and people in the Tang Dynasty often called it Pengshan. Pengge refers to the Secretary Province, and Li Yun is the secretary of the Secretary Province, so the term "Penglai Articles" is used here to refer to Li Yun. article. Jian'an bone refers to the strong and vigorous "Jian'an character". The first sentence praises Li Yun's vigorous writing style, while the second sentence refers to himself as "Xiao Xie" (i.e. Xie Tiao), saying that his poems, like Xie Tiao's, have a fresh and innovative style. Li Bai admired Xie Tiao very much, and comparing himself to Xiao Xie here showed his confidence in his own talents. These two sentences naturally connect Xie Tiaolou and Xiao Shu in the title.
The seventh and eighth sentences further exaggerate the interest of both parties with the phrase "high-rise building", saying that both parties have lofty sentiments and ambitions. They are drunk and want to fly, and want to climb to the sky. Embrace the bright moon. The previous description described a clear day and an autumn sky, but here it talks about the "bright moon", which shows that the latter is not a real scene. The words "desire to go up" also show that this is the poet's bold words when he was drunk and in high spirits. Boldness and innocence are harmoniously unified here. This is exactly Li Bai's character. The sky holding the moon is certainly a spontaneous remark and may not necessarily have any meaning, but the image of flying and vigorous movements makes us clearly feel the poet's yearning and pursuit of a noble ideal state. These two sentences are full of ink and vivid, pushing the high-spirited emotions aroused by facing the realm of "the wind blows thousands of miles to send the autumn geese" to the climax, as if all the darkness and filth in reality have been swept away, and everything in my heart has been swept away. All worries are forgotten.
However, although the poet's spirit can roam in fantasy, the poet's body is always restrained in the dirty reality. In reality, there is no such thing as a world where autumn geese can fly freely in the wind, and what he sees is only the abominable world of "barbarians and sheep filling the middle fields, and green cocoons filling the high gates" ("Ancient Style" 51). situation. Therefore, when he returned to reality from fantasy, he felt more strongly that the contradiction between ideal and reality was irreconcilable, which made his inner worries and anguish even more intense. "Cut the knife to cut off the water, and the water will flow again, and raise the cup to eliminate the sorrow, and the sorrow will become more sorrowful." Another major turning point in this plummeting situation is inevitable in this situation. The metaphor of "cutting off the water and making it flow again" is strange and original, and at the same time it is natural, appropriate and full of life flavor. In front of Xie Tiao Tower, there is the Wanxi River that flows all year round. It is easy to associate the endless flowing water with endless worries. Therefore, it is natural that the strong desire to relieve worries leads to the idea of ??"cutting off the water". . Due to the close connection between the metaphor and the foreground, it has a somewhat "xing" meaning, and it feels natural when you read it. Although the inner depression cannot be relieved, the detail of "cutting off the water with a knife" vividly shows the poet's desire to get rid of mental depression, which is obviously different from those who are addicted to depression and cannot extricate themselves.
“If life is unsatisfactory, the Ming Dynasty will ruin the boat.” The contradiction between Li Bai’s progressive ideals and the dark reality could not be resolved under the historical conditions at that time. Therefore, he was always trapped in the “unsatisfactory situation”. In the depression of "satisfaction", and can only find a way out of the depression such as "distribution and flattening the boat". Of course, this conclusion is somewhat negative and even contains elements of escaping reality. But history and the social class he represents dictate that he cannot find a better way out.
The valuable thing about Li Bai is that although he was mentally depressed, he did not give up his pursuit of progressive ideals. The poem is still full of heroic and generous feelings. The two sentences "Changfeng" and "Jihuai" are more like playing a high and optimistic tone in a sad music, revealing a bright and bright glow in the dark clouds. The two sentences "drawing the knife" also express strong depression while showing a stubborn character. Therefore, the whole poem does not give people the feeling of gloom and despair, but a heroic spirit amidst sorrow, anger and depression. This shows that the poet neither succumbed to the oppression of the environment nor the heavy pressure of his heart.
The rapid changes and ups and downs of thoughts and feelings, as well as the ups and downs and jumping development of the artistic structure, are perfectly unified in this poem. At the very beginning of the poem, there are sudden waves, revealing the strong mental depression that has been pent up for a long time; then, he completely puts aside the "worries" and looks at the autumn sky thousands of miles away, from the excitement of "high buildings" to the feat of "grazing the bright moon", soaring up to the sky, and then But he quickly fell from the sky into the abyss of depression. Straight up and down, wide open and close, without any trace of transition. This kind of unprovoked and intermittent structure is most suitable for expressing the poet's rapidly changing emotions caused by the sharp contradiction between ideals and reality.
The language style that harmoniously combines nature and boldness is also very prominent in this poem. One must have Li Bai's broad-minded ambitions, bold and frank character, and the ability to control language to a high degree, in order to achieve the harmonious and unified state of boldness and nature. The first two sentences of this poem are almost like prose language, but they are full of bold and vigorous momentum. The two sentences "Changfeng" have a magnificent realm and bold spirit, and the language is noble and clear, as if they were blurted out. This natural and bold language style is also one of the reasons why this poem is not gloomy and gloomy even though it is extremely distressing.