one
Abandoned in the dust in the northeast, wandering between heaven and earth in the southwest. Wandering in the towers and terraces of the Three Gorges, Wuxi Clothes Yunshan. The barbarian who finally serves the ruler is unreliable, and the wandering poet laments that the times have no chance to come back. Yu Xin's life is the most miserable, and his poems in his later years caused a sensation in the north and south of the country. [ 1]
Secondly,
"Decline": Deep understanding of Song Yuzhi's sorrow, romantic Confucianism loves historical sites (3)
Yayi is also my teacher. Sad to see a thousand autumn, a tear, melancholy in different times, not at the same time. His old home between mountains and rivers-empty works, empty sex platform-is certainly not imagined in the dream? . The palaces of Chu were all destroyed, and the fishermen who showed them today are not sure. [3]
third
Thousands of mountains and valleys are close to Jingmen, and girls grow up in Sri Lanka. She came out of the purple palace and entered the desert. Now she has become a green grave in the yellow dusk. Her face! Can you imagine the spring wind? Huan Peikong is the soul of jathyapple. The Tatar song on her jade guitar tells her eternal sadness. [4]
Fourth.
Micro-carving of Five Poems on Huai Chan
Mr. Shu caught a glimpse of the Three Gorges in Xing Wu. In the year of his death, he was also in Yong 'an Palace. The blue-green flag on the empty mountain can be imagined, and the Jade Temple is a void in the empty temple. On the pine trees in the ancient temple, water cranes nest. In summer and winter festivals, the people who come are the elders of the village. Wuhou Temple often lives next to each other, and the monarch and ministers share the sacrifices. [5]
Fifth.
Zhuge Liang's name will remain in the world forever, and his portrait is lofty and respectable. In order to plan the strategy of the world, generations seem to be Luan Feng's Luan Feng. Yi Yin and Lv Shang are neck and neck, and their command of military operations is calm, which makes Xiao He Cao Can far behind. The succession of the Han dynasty was due to luck. Although Zhuge Liang was difficult to revive, he was determined and devoted himself to the busy military. [6]
Edit the notes of this article.
one
This is the first of five songs. It was Yu Xin who started poetry, because the poet admired Yu Xin's poems and fu very much and was extremely fascinated. He once said: "Fresh Yu Kaifu" and "Yu Xin's articles are getting old". On the other hand, he was about to have a trip to Jiangling, similar to Yu Xin's wandering. The first couplet is about the Anshi Rebellion, wandering into Shu and having no fixed place to live. Zhuan Xu wrote that he lived in the Three Gorges and Wuxi and was in contact with barbarians. The Neck Couplet wrote An Lushan cunningly and repeatedly, just like Hou Jing in the Liang Dynasty; I am wandering in a different place and want to return, just like Yu Xin in those days. At the end of the couplet, Yu Xin's later years' ode to the south of the Yangtze River is extremely sad and tragic, which contains his thoughts about his hometown and country. The whole poem is about scenery and feelings, personal experience, profound and sincere, well-founded and intriguing. [ 1]
Secondly,
This is a poem praising Song Yu. In the first half of the poem, I feel that Song Yu didn't meet his talent before his death, while in the second half, he complained about his obscurity behind him. The poem was written by the author after a personal field trip, so it is profound, incisive and thought-provoking. In the poem, the vegetation falls, the scenery is depressed, the mountains and rivers are full of rain, the old houses are deserted, and the boat people give directions, all of which are the feelings expressed by the poet. It combines the traces of history with the poet's sadness and profoundly expresses the theme. The whole poem is carefully worded, refined and practical. Some people think that Du Fu was pregnant with Song Yu, so he mourned Qu Yuan. He who mourns Qu Yuan, therefore, mourns himself. " This statement has its own insights. [3]
third
This is an epic poem written by Du Fu when he passed by Zhaojun Village. Zhao Jun, who was born in a famous country, died beyond the Great Wall, and defected to his old country, has a resentment beyond words. So the theme falls on the word "resentment", the word "walk" is the beginning of resentment, and the word "stay alone" is the end of resentment. The author sympathizes with Zhao Jun and feels sorry for himself. Shen Deqian said: "Chanting the poem of Zhao Jun is a swan song." [4] This is the third poem in "Five Poems about Things", and the poet expresses his embrace by praising Zhaojun Village and remembering Wang Zhaojun. "Thousands of mountains and valleys are near Jingmen, only girls are in the village". The poem begins with two sentences, pointing out the place where Zhaojun Village is located. According to Tongzhi, "Zhaojun Village is forty miles northeast of Jingzhou Prefecture." Its address is Xiangxi, Zigui County, Hubei Province. When Du Fu wrote this poem, he lived in Baidicheng, Kuizhou. This is the western end of the Three Gorges, with high terrain. He stood at the height of Baidicheng, looking east at Jingmen Mountain outside the East Gate of the Three Gorges and Zhaojun Village nearby. Hundreds of miles away, out of sight, he used his imagination to conceive a magnificent picture of mountains and valleys going to Jingmen Mountain with dangerous rivers. He took this picture as the first sentence of this poem, which is very unusual. There is an epigram in the Three Gorges River written by Du Fu, that is, "More water will prosper the country, and Qutang will fight for a gate" ("Two Poems of the Yangtze River"). He used the word "fight" to highlight the thrills of the Three Gorges water potential. Here, the word "go" highlights the majesty and vividness of the Three Gorges Mountain. This is an interesting contrast. However, the next sentence of the poem falls in a small Zhaojun village, which is quite surprising, because it has caused some different comments from critics. Amin Hu Zhenheng's Du Shitong said: "Wan He is close to Jingmen, and the first sentence is like a hero. It is not cooperation." This means that such a dignified sentence is only suitable for the place where heroes grow up, not for Zhaojun Village, which is not harmonious. Wu Zhantai's "Du Shi Tiyao" is another view. He said, "The abrupt beginning is the first sentence in the Seven Laws, which means that beautiful scenery and beautiful Zhong Ling only produce one princess. This is very beautiful and earth-shattering. " It means that Du Fu wanted to raise Zhao Jun's "gentle and graceful beauty" and write about her "earth-shattering", so he used the majestic atmosphere of mountains and rivers to contrast her. Yang Lun's Du Shi Jing Quan said: "From the perspective of the earth spirit, it is more or less solemn. "It is also close to this meaning. Who is right and who is wrong, and how to understand the poet's conception needs to be combined with the theme and center of the whole poem to make it clear, so I will leave it for later. " She came out of the purple palace and entered the desert. Now she has become a green grave in the yellow dusk. "The first two sentences are written in Zhaojun Village, and these two sentences are written in Zhaojun himself. The poet wrote the tragedy of Zhao Jun's life in just two powerful poems. Judging from the conception and wording of these two poems, Du Fu probably borrowed the words from Jiang Yan's "Hate Fu" in the Southern Dynasties: "When Princess Ming went, she looked up at the sky and breathed too much. The purple platform is a little far away and the mountains are infinite. I hope the king is abroad. "However, a careful comparison shows that the ideological content summarized in these two poems of Du Fu is much richer and more profound than that of Jiang Yan. The poet of the Tang Dynasty said in Du Shi Jie Yi: "The word' Lian' is used to write the scenery, and the word' Xiang' is used to write the heart of thinking about Korea, and there is a god in the pen. "That's right. However, there are more than these two words. If you only look at Zitai and Shuomo, you will naturally think of leaving the Han Palace to marry Zhaojun of Xiongnu and living a lifetime in a strange and unusual environment. The next sentence, Zhao Jun was buried in the Great Wall, using the two simplest ready-made words, Qingcheng Mountain and Dusk, which are particularly ingenious in art. In daily language, the word dusk refers to time, but here, it seems to mainly refer to space. Refers to the evening canopy connected with the boundless desert and covering the fields. It is so big that it seems to swallow everything and digest everything. But there is a unique grave, with long grass, which cannot be swallowed or digested. Thinking of this, this poem naturally gives people a feeling that the world is ruthless and the Qinghai-Tibet has hatred. " Her face! Can you imagine the spring wind? Huan Peikong belongs to the soul of jathyapple. "This is followed by the first two sentences, further writing Zhao Jun's life experience and feelings of home and country. Draw sentences to inherit the third sentence, and ring sentences to inherit the fourth sentence. Because of the fatuity of Emperor Han and Yuan, people in the empresses' palace only look at pictures, and their fate is completely at the mercy of the painter. Saving knowledge means a little knowledge. It is said that Yuan Di knew something about Zhaojun from the pictures, but in fact he knew nothing about Zhaojun, which led to the tragedy that Zhaojun was buried beyond the Great Wall. Pei Huan's sentence is that she misses her old country and will never change. Although the bones remain in the grave, the soul will return to the country where her parents grew up on a moonlit night. Jiang Kui, a poet in the Southern Song Dynasty, once again enriched and perfected the image of Du Fu's poems in his Yongmei masterpiece Thin Shadow: Zhao Jun was not used to Hu Shayuan and secretly loved Jiangnan Jiangbei. I want to come back on a moonlit night and become this flower. What is written here is that Zhao Jun misses Jiangnan Jiangbei, not the Han Palace in Chang 'an, which is particularly touching. The ghost of Zhaojun, who returned on a moonlit night, has been refined and turned into a fragrant plum blossom, which is even more beautiful in imagination! "The Tatar song on her jade guitar tells her eternal sadness. "This is the end of this poem, which points out the theme of Zhao Jun's" resentment "in the whole poem by borrowing Hu Yin's pipa tune for thousands of years. According to Han Liuxi's Ming Shi, "Pipa immediately drum up Hu Zhong. When you push your hand, you say pipa; when you pull your hand, you say pipa. "Shi Chong's Preface to a Mingjun said," Once upon a time, the princess married Wusun, so that the pipa could enjoy herself to comfort her thoughts on the road. It sent Mingjun to see Philly. Pipa was originally a musical instrument introduced to China from the Hu people, and it was often played with Hu Yin and Hu Diao's Song of the Great Wall. Later, many people sympathized with Zhao Jun and wrote Pipa songs such as Zhao Jun's Complaints and Wang Mingjun, so Pipa and Zhao Jun were very close in poetry. As has been explained repeatedly, although Zhao Jun's "resentment" also contains the "resentment" of "hating the emperor and not meeting each other", more importantly, a woman who is far away from her hometown will always miss her hometown. It is the deepest affection for her hometown and motherland that she has accumulated and consolidated from generation to generation for thousands of years. Let's go back to the first two sentences of this poem. Hu Zhenheng said that the poem "Thousands of mountains and valleys are near Jingmen" can only be used in places where heroes grow up, but in small villages where princesses grow up, which is inappropriate. It is precisely because he only understands Zhaojun from narrow feelings such as lamenting the misfortune of beautiful women, and does not realize the weight of Zhaojun's resentment. Wu Zhantai realized that Du Fu wanted to make Zhaojun "earth-shattering" and Yang Lun realized Du Fu's solemn attitude, but he did not explain why Zhaojun was "earth-shattering" and why it was worthy of "solemnity". Although Zhaojun is a woman, she walked thousands of miles away and left her heart to the motherland. Her name will remain immortal with poetry and music. Such a magnificent poem as "Ten Thousand Rivers Close to Jingmen" is worthy of serious writing. The title of Du Fu's poem is "Mourning for Monuments", which shows that when he wrote his grievances, he entrusted his feelings for life, home and country. He "wandered in the southwest between heaven and earth", far from his hometown, and his situation was similar to that of Zhaojun. Although he is in Kuizhou, his hometown is in Yanshi, Luoyang, although he is not as far away from Wan Li as Zhaojun, but "the letter is wider than the original and the bucket is deeper than Beidou", Luoyang is still an unreachable place for him. He lived in Zhaojun's hometown, but borrowed Zhaojun's image of missing his hometown and jathyapple's soul to express his feelings of missing his hometown. Li Zide, a Qing, said: "Only Princess Ming was told that there was never a word in the discussion, but the meaning was all-encompassing. Later, these families could no longer contact them. " This sentence shows the most important artistic feature of this poem. From beginning to end, I started from the image, without any abstract comments. However, Zhao Jun's tragic images of "She has now become a green grave in the dusk" and "Wandering in the moonlight" have left an indelible impression on readers.
Fourth.
The author set off the ruins with Weng Ye's sacrifice to Liu Bei, Zhuge Liang and the village of monarch and minister. This poem first tells the story of Liu Bei's failure to attack Wu Dong and his death in Yong 'an Palace. After lamenting that Liu Bei's restoration of the Han Dynasty was in ruins, Cui Qi's account of that year could only be found in the imagination of empty mountains and lanes. The jade palace was illusory, and the pine and fir lived in the water crane. Praise Liu Bei's career before his death and lament the bleak scene of leaving the shrine on earth before he finished. Finally, he praised Liu Bei and Zhuge Liang, who have been worshipped by people for thousands of years, and expressed infinite respect and emotion. [5]
Fifth.
This is the last of five poems about historical sites. At that time, the poet paid tribute to the temple of Wuhou, sincerely admiring it and taking it as a poem. Works with passionate brushstrokes, warmly praise his great talent, but also regret his unfulfilled ambition! "Zhuge Zhiwei transcends the earth" is a top-down universe, a universe from ancient times to the present, which "covers the universe" and gives people a concrete image of "world-famous and immortal" The first sentence is like a different peak, and the pen is vigorous. The second sentence, "Only respect for his face", entered the ancestral temple and looked at Zhuge's portrait. I can't help but respect. I admire the thought of a generation of princes and ministers. "Zongchen" always leads the whole poem. Next, write about Zhuge Liang's talent and achievements in detail. In terms of artistic conception, it followed the entrance and portrait of the first couplet. After seeing various cultural relics, it naturally highly praised its great achievements: "But his will was just a feather burning in the sky during the Three Kingdoms War." Dong, Qu Ye. The tripartite confrontation between the three countries is like a couple in a high position, rising to the top of the world, making great achievements and being admired by generations. But the poet's words are implicit, and the word "Mao" highlights Zhuge Liang's bend, chinese odyssey. The sentence "Eternal Cloud" is powerful in image, vivid in discussion and vivid in form, and superior to others in discussion. Thinking of Superman's wisdom and courage, people seem to see his feather fan and black silk scarf, sweeping away thousands of troops. The poet couldn't help praising: "He is the brother of Yi, Lu and others, and has already surpassed all politicians." Yi Yin was the minister of Tang, the founding monarch of Shang Dynasty, and Lu Shang assisted and destroyed the business. Xiao He and Cao Can, both counsellors of Liu Bang, Emperor Gaozu of Han Dynasty, were very famous in the early Han Dynasty. Poets praised Zhuge Liang's personality as an equal with Yi Yin and Lu Shang, but he had a well-thought-out plan, and his calm command ability eclipsed Xiao He and Cao Can. On the one hand, it shows great admiration for Wu Hou, on the other hand, it also shows that the author does not judge the success or failure of his career. Liu Kezhuang said, "Wolong is less than a thousand years old, and all those who have aspirations in the world have been supported by three generations. The friend of this poem is in the center of the world, but the grass is not enough. This theory is all from the son's hair. " Huang sheng said: this theory says, "anything that only judges success or failure can be abolished." This shows the far-reaching influence of the poet's judgment. Finally, "although I knew that the Han Dynasty was hopeless, I risked my life for it." The poet lamented that the "luck" of the Han Dynasty had come to an end, and lamented that although there was such a rare outstanding figure as Wuhou, he was determined to restore the great cause of the Han Dynasty, but he did not succeed. But because of the busy military affairs, he died in the journey. This is not only a tribute to Zhuge Liang's noble festival of "devoting all his life to death", but also a deep sigh for the hero's unfulfilled ambition in his life. This poem, because the poet hangs in ancient times with his own feelings, can cleanse people and become a famous sentence about ancient times. Except for the "portrait", all the poems are about historical sites, not only about sublimity, but also with charm. Three-point hegemony, in the eyes of future generations, is already a brilliant achievement, but for Zhuge Liang, it is as light as a feather; "Grass" is not enough, and just "three points" is not worth mentioning. Such twists and turns have raised Zhuge Liang everywhere. The whole poem is full of emotion, and each sentence is selected at different levels: if the first couplet is compared to a thunderstorm that pours down at the beginning, then the couplet and necklace are like a running river, the waves roll and rise higher and higher, until the last couplet is finished, and suddenly it meets a cliff and falls into a waterfall, and the empty valley is audible-"However, he waved his hand for it and laid down his life"-the whole poem is audible.