It is already dusk and I am sad alone, even more windy and rainy.
From "Bu Suanzi·Yong Mei" by Lu You of the Southern Song Dynasty
Beside the broken bridge outside the post office, it is lonely and ownerless. It is already dusk and I am sad alone, and it is even more windy and rainy.
I have no intention of fighting for spring, but I will let everyone be jealous. It fell into mud and was crushed into dust, but only the fragrance remained the same.
Appreciation
This song "Bu Suanzi" is titled "Yong Mei", chanting things and embodying aspirations, expressing his aloof and elegant aspirations. This is just like Mr. Lianxi (Zhou Dunyi) who only loves the lotus that emerges from the mud but is not stained, and washes the clear waters without being evil. He uses the lotus to describe himself, and the author also uses the plum blossom to describe himself. Lu You once praised plum blossoms as "the more awe-inspiring they become when the snow blows and the wind blows, the flowers have the strongest integrity" ("Falling Plum Blossoms"). The plum blossoms are so quiet and unconventional, and stand out among all other flowers, but "now" they are blooming outside the inn in the countryside. The dilapidated "broken bridge" is naturally inaccessible, lonely and cold, so the plum blossoms are much neglected. From this sentence we can see that it is neither a plum in the official palace nor a plum in a famous garden, but a "wild plum" growing in a remote suburb. It doesn't get the care it deserves, let alone anyone to appreciate it. With the metabolism of the four seasons, it blooms silently and withers silently. It is alone, looking around at a loss - who is willing to look at it, it is an ownerless plum. In the sentence "Loneliness blooms without a master", the author pours his feelings into the objective scenery. The first sentence is a scene language, and this sentence is already a love language.
At sunset and dusk, the twilight is hazy. How can this lonely, uncared-for plum blossom bear this desolation? It only has "sorrow" - and "sorrow alone", which echoes the "loneliness" in the previous sentence. The broken bridge outside the post office, twilight, and dusk were already lonely and miserable, but the cold wind and rain added to the feeling, making the loneliness even deeper. The two words "watching the wind and rain" are very powerful. The first three sentences seem to describe the plight of plum blossoms to the end. The second sentence "watching the wind and rain" is like a heavy hammer that breaks the previous "limit". It seems that no one can bear this kind of sorrow, and the emotional exaggeration has reached its climax. However, even though the environment is so grim, it still "opens". It's like, "Thousands of trees are cold and colorless, but there are only flowers on the southern branches" (Daoyuan); It's like, "Thousands of flowers dare to emerge from the snow, but one tree alone is the first to bring spring to the world" (Yang Weizhen). The last four sentences only say that plum blossoms are in a bad situation, and only use the word "open" for plum blossoms, but their stubbornness and tenacity are self-evident.
The upper ridge-shaped object depicts the scene, depicting plum blossoms blooming alone in the wind and rain. Plum blossoms grow in a remote place "beside the broken bridge outside the post office" and "bloom lonely without an owner". They are not carefully planted by people, they bloom lonely. "It is already dusk and I am sad alone, and it is even more windy and rainy." In such twilight, the plum blossoms standing upright and blooming alone will inevitably feel the sorrow of being alone and helpless, not to mention the environment is so harsh, with wind and rain blowing, and they are devastated. This is really a sigh of relief.
The lower column is lyrical, mainly describing the two virtues of plum blossoms. "There is no need to strive for spring, but to let the crowd be jealous." One of its virtues is that it is simple and unpretentious, does not envy vanity, and does not compete with the flowers for spring. Go away from jealousy! "It is reduced to mud and dust, but only the fragrance remains the same." Its second virtue is that it has high moral integrity and integrity. Even if it is reduced to mud and dust, the fragrance remains the same. These words mean a lot. When the author wrote this poem, he was being demoted for advocating the use of troops against the Jin Dynasty. Therefore, he used "flowers" to describe the humble people in the officialdom at that time, and used plum blossoms to describe himself, expressing that despite going through hardships, he would not follow the crowd, but Will only stick to the determination of integrity. This poem describes the proud and unyielding plum blossoms in a fresh mood, which is a metaphor for one's own perseverance and unyieldingness. The writing is delicate and profound, and it is the swan song among poems about plum blossoms.
The last column focuses on the difficult situation of plum blossoms, and it does still have "sorrow". In terms of artistic techniques, when writing about sorrow, the author did not use the usual metaphors of people and poets to describe sorrow like this or that. Instead, he used environment, time and natural phenomena to set off the sorrow. Kuang Zhouyi said: "Ci is a master of describing so many "scenery" in order to capture the beauty of the scenery, but the spirit is at ease in words." ("Hui Feng Ci Hua") "Those who are better at romance are good at describing scenes" (Tian Tongzhi's "Xipu Ci Shu"). The four sentences above can be said to be "double paintings of scenes". Let readers feel the author's mood in a specific environment - sorrow from a series of scenery. It also allows readers to gradually step into the author's state of mind.
Xia Qingtomei sends his message. Plum blossoms bloom the earliest. "Thousands of trees are about to break due to the cold, but the solitary root is warm and warm" (Qi Ji); "I don't know if the water blooms first, but it is suspected that the winter snow has not disappeared" (Zhang Wei). It ushered in spring. But it "has no intention of struggling for spring". In spring, flowers are in full bloom, competing for beauty and beauty, but plum blossoms do not "fight hard for spring". The cold weather strikes first, and there is only the sincerity of welcoming the spring and announcing the spring. "Bitterness" refers to fighting to the death, working hard, and trying one's best. It satirizes Qunfang from the side. The plum blossoms do not intend to compete. Even if the "Qunfang" are "jealous", it is their own business. Just "let" them be jealous. In the words, writing about things and writing about people are completely intertwined. The vegetation is ruthless and the flowers bloom and fall. It is a natural phenomenon. It implies that the author's misfortune exposes the shameless behavior of those who live in peace. Saying "fighting for spring" is a metaphor for human affairs; "jealousy" is not something that plants and trees can have. These two sentences show Lu You's aloof character, his character that he will never associate with those who compete for favors and flattery, and his proud character that is not afraid of slander and is loyal and self-defeating.
The last few sentences take the plum blossom’s “unique and high-quality” to another level: “It falls into mud and is crushed into dust, but only the fragrance remains the same.” The previous sentence inherits the miserable situation of Shangque, such as loneliness and ownerlessness, dusk and sunset, wind and rain, etc. The seven words in this sentence are frustrated four times: "falling off". Unable to be ravaged by the violent rain and wind, the plum blossoms have withered one after another. This is the first layer. The fallen flowers are lying on the ground, mixed with mud and water, and they can't tell which ones are flowers and which ones are mud. This is the second level. The word "grind" shows the ruthlessness of the tormentor and the miserable plight of the tormented. This is the third level. As a result, the plum blossoms were destroyed, trampled and turned into dust. This is the fourth level. Look, the fate of plum blossoms is so tragic that it is so unsightly that we dare not even imagine it. The reader has become involved in the emotions revealed between the lines. But the author's purpose is not just to write about the tragic experience of plum blossoms and arouse people's sympathy; in terms of writing techniques, it is still foreshadowing and building momentum, in order to push the meaning of the next sentence to the highest peak. Although the plum blossoms have withered, been trampled into soil, and ground into dust. "Only the fragrance remains the same." Its "unique" fragrance is always "the same". It still does not succumb to the threat of loneliness, ownerlessness, and wind and rain. It just does its best and will not change at all. Even if it has withered and turned into "dust", it must still "smell as before".
The last sentence has the power to carry the tripod. It lifts up the whole article and throws the unfortunate situation of the plum blossoms in front of it, the wind and rain, the withering and falling, the desolation, decay and sadness of being made of mud. It's gone beyond the clouds. It is exactly "the last sentence wants to see the strong festival" (Zhuo Renyue's "Ci Tong"). And this "vigorous festival" can be "imagined" precisely because the word uses the Bixing technique very successfully. The author uses plum blossoms to describe himself, and uses the natural metabolism of plum blossoms to describe himself, which has personified plum blossoms. "Yong Mei" actually expresses one's thoughts and feelings, which left a very deep impression on people and became a masterpiece of "Yong Mei".
This article mainly shows Yongmei's high-level sentiments and reflects Yongmei's strong and unyielding spirit, which is worthy of readers' study.