Three days of rain and rain in the East Garden swept the floor. ?
Only camellia is durable, and several red flowers are inserted in the green bushes. ?
Lu You was a famous writer, historian and patriotic poet in the Southern Song Dynasty. Because he insisted on resisting gold, he was rejected by the main faction. He wrote many works in his life, including 50 volumes of Selected Works of Weinan and 85 volumes of Poems of Jiannan (including 9 138 poems of ancient style). Southern Tang Book (18); Notes on Old Learning Temple (10), etc.
The title of this poem is clear. Camellia bloomed from the solstice of winter, and the poet was moved by it and wrote poems to praise it.
"The East Garden is full of wind and rain for three days, and the peaches and plums fall and sweep the floor" is actually based on the fact that the peaches and plums fall and sweep the floor in the wind and rain, and then a turning title: "Only Camellia lasts" highlights the long flowering period of Camellia. The sentence "There are several red flowers among the green bushes" is a vivid ending.
Camellia blooms in late winter and early spring. A camellia can bloom for more than 20 days without even setting the sun. This poem praises camellia "blooming in the snow until the Spring Festival Evening". When peach blossoms and plum blossoms bloom in spring and spring rains, and when branches are swept away in spring and spring rains, camellia trees keep blooming. The first three sentences of this poem pave the way for the last sentence. Fu style is used throughout, and the speech is straightforward and clear at a glance. The two colors of "green" and "red" at the end are vivid, and the word "square" gives people a strong feeling and highlights the value of camellia. ?
Lu is famous for his love for Mei and her metaphor. His poem about camellia is not comparable to that of plum blossom. Lu You ridiculed that peaches and plums are easy to wither and praised the durability of camellia, which shows that camellia also occupies an important position in his mind. ?
Another poem by Lu You, Camellia, also praises the "durability" of Camellia flowering:
Flowers bloom in the snow until the Spring Festival Evening. Who is durable in the world?
No one will sigh. Thirty years ago, I gave a banquet in Haiyun.
The first two sentences, "Flowers bloom in the snow until the Spring Festival Evening, and the world is as durable as a monarch", boast that camellia has a long flowering period, which opened in the winter of the previous year and lasted until the Spring Festival Evening. The flowering period is so long that it is rare in the world. In the last two sentences, "No one will sigh, Haiyun held a banquet 30 years ago", the poet lamented that such a good flower was not taken seriously, and he had seen it when Haiyun held a banquet 30 years ago. It implies that no one pays attention to his regret of anti-Jin Xingguo ambition.
Hu Zhonggong, a poet in the Southern Song Dynasty, praised the long flowering period of Camellia in the Spring Festival Evening;
The red eagles are all gone, and they have flowers for next year.
Laughing at people alone, the residual makeup is oblique.
Everything, old and young, is full of spring.
Don't be jealous of color, and don't be romantic. ?
Although Hu Zhonggong was promoted to the first class of Jinshi, he was soon dismissed. Since then, wandering in the Jianghu has ended. Gong Shi is the author of Hang Wei Roaming Draft in four volumes.
In the first couplet, "The red vultures are gone, but the flowers of the next year are still there", which means that by the end of spring, all the flowers have fallen, and only the flowers of the next year are still in bloom. "Flowers every other year", the flowers that bloom in the first year, generally refer to plum blossoms, and here refer to camellia. Zhuan Xu's "Laughing Alone, Rain Oblique with Residual Makeup" wrote that camellia blooms alone in late spring, and gorgeous flowers greet people. Despite the wind and rain, there is still residual makeup. The latter two poets lamented: "There is no young and old, and the spring is full." Everything has its own rhythm, long or short, and spring warms bloom. "Don't be jealous of the color, don't be jealous of the gorgeous camellia, each flower has its own charm and characteristics."
The poet praised camellia for its long flowering period and decorating the earth in late spring. Sigh that a hundred flowers have their own strengths, and don't be jealous of other flowers.
Camellia written by Yang Wanli, a famous poet in the Southern Song Dynasty, highlights the firmness and purity of Camellia.
The trees are surrounded by Bitzen. At first glance, they are called Muxilin. ?
Who will put the golden millet silver wire into the heart of the cinnabar bowl? ?
In early spring, I envy peaches and plums, but the cold doesn't invade the ice and snow. ?
After all, poetry is old and leaves are thick and dark. ?
Yang Wanli, Lu You, Fan Chengda and You Mao are also called "Four Great Masters in Southern Song Dynasty" and "Four Great Masters in Zhongxing". He is knowledgeable and has written more than 20,000 poems in his life. He is known as a generation of poets. Most of his poems describe natural scenery, and he is good at it, creating a "sincere style" with simple language, vividness and humor. There are also many works that reflect people's sufferings and express patriotic feelings. He is the author of Zhai Chengji and so on.
This poem Camellia, from its bright and colorful style, shows the poet's cheerful and clear interest, and shows a mind of taking flowers as friends and borrowing flowers for a living. ?
The first sentence of the poem starts with the outline of camellia tree and describes the characteristics of camellia modeling. ? "Trees surround Bi Cen. At first glance, it is called "Muxilin" and "Cen", both of which are small and high mountains. The green and lovely alpine tea trees cover the hills, which is in harmony with the nearby green hills. At first glance, I mistakenly thought it was osmanthus forest ("osmanthus", another name for osmanthus). This is a telephoto visual image, and the poet has grasped the general outline of the tea tree as a whole. Then, he immediately "shortened the focal length" and shifted his focus to the tea tree. "Who will lick the golden millet silver silk and cluster the hearts of cinnabar bowls", "lick" and cut it carefully. "dìng", the food is piled up in the container. In this sentence, the camellia with deep red outer petals and golden inner core, which is as big as dishes, is very vivid compared with exquisite dishes and tableware, just like finely cut yellow osmanthus strips, piled up in the bowl heart of vermilion dishes. It seems that people can smell the fragrance of dishes by blowing the breeze. You see, this scarlet "vegetable bowl", this "bowl heart" of "golden millet and silver silk", plus the tea trees and "Bicen" in the periphery, what a beautiful tone! The poet's great leap from far to near not only caused great color effect, but also formed a macro and micro contrast. So as to show the artistic effect of mutual support. In addition, the sentence "Who will" is slightly humorous, which adds a unique literary effect to poetry. So who planted Camellia so suitably? People all know that it is not an artificial force, but a creation of nature, which is the ingenuity of nature. It seems that the poet is melting childlike innocence into nature, making him look so lively and childlike, and enhancing the appeal of art?
After painting the appearance of camellia, the poet turned to reveal its inner temperament. "In early spring, peaches and plums are blooming, but in cold years, they don't invade ice and snow." Grasping the ecological characteristics of Camellia, from "early spring" to "cold year", it is either jealous of peaches and plums or attacked by frost and snow for 365 days a year, but it has never changed its nature of emphasizing color and fragrance. Camellia can be described as loyal and pure, which will naturally arouse the poet's desire to compose poems and praise. However, "poetry is old after all, with thick leaves and dark colors", but writing poetry after Su Dongpo is self-defeating, for fear that it will ruin the elegance of Camellia and make people laugh all over the world. It is also comfortable to have such worries. Here, the poet skillfully used ups and downs, and instead discharged three short and pithy words: "thick leaves", "big horns" and "deep color". "Leaf thickness" refers to the leathery and oval leaves of camellia; "Having edges" means that camellia seeds and fruits have pure edges; "Dark color" means that camellia is bright as blood. Then, why did the poet choose these three words to summarize the shape and characteristics of camellia? You see, "wild Hou" can ignore "peach and plum jealousy" and avoid "snow and frost invasion"; "Edge" to avoid being pecked by livestock; "Dark colors" can increase feelings for the world and increase its prosperity.
In fact, this "portrait" painted by the poet for camellia is only his self-portrait. He was born in troubled times and full of courage, but he was suspected by a yes-man. The character of camellia he loves is also the trust of his own life. Therefore, he wrote the most powerful notes in the most plain but vivid language as a rough cry in his heart.
Fan Chengda, a famous poet in the Southern Song Dynasty, wrote a poem "Meihuashan Tea", praising the character of plum blossom and camellia:
The moon is light and the jade is thin, and the snow is deep red.
At the same time, use different colors to soothe the lost years.
Fan Chengda, Yang Wanli, Lu You and You Mao are also known as the "Four Masters of Zhongxing" in the Southern Song Dynasty, and their masterpiece is Shihu Ci. His works had a great influence at that time, especially in the early Qing Dynasty, and there was a saying that "Jiannan is home and Shihu is a lake" ("Jiannan" refers to Lu You's "Jiannan Poetry Draft"). Fan Chengda loved plum blossom very much, and wrote China's first plum blossom monograph, Plum Blossom. The poet listed camellia and plum blossom in the same column and gave them equal praise. I can see that he also likes Camellia very much.
The first two sentences are "the moon is light and the jade is thin, and the snow is deep red and burning", which are divided into plum blossom and camellia. Plum blossoms, which are semi-crystal clear like white jade, look even more delicate and strange in the faint moonlight. Camellia in full bloom in the heavy snow is as bright as a burning flame. The poet grasped the characteristics of Bai Meihua and Camellia, and made a vivid comparative description, which left a deep impression on the readers.
The last two sentences, "Talking in different tones at the same time to comfort the declining years", are the poet's praise. These two kinds of exotic flowers and herbs that are open at the same time have different styles, but they both have a strong character of not being afraid of the cold and laughing at the snow scene, and they are both loved by poets. Poets appreciate them, let them accompany them and comfort them in their old age. Expressed his love for plum blossoms and camellias.