Ancient poems about Ba Liu (ancient poems about Ba River willows)

1. An ancient poem about the willow tree dominating the river

1. Li Bai's "Recalling Qin E"

The sound of the flute swallowed, Qin E dreamed of breaking the moon in the Qin Tower. Qin Lou Yue, willow color every year, Ba Ling hurts farewell.

During the Autumn Festival of the Qing Dynasty in Leyouyuan, the sound of the Xianyang ancient road was completely lost. The sound is gone, the west wind is lingering, and the Han family mausoleum is still there.

2. Yang Juyuan's "The Willows of Ba'an Leave a Farewell to Zheng Yuanwai"

The willows contain smoke in the spring of Ba'an, and they climb and break every year for pedestrians. The good wind and suave air can be found on the low branches. Don't use black hair to sweep away the dust on the road.

3. Dai Shulun's "Ode to the Willows in the Changting Pavilion"

The willows in the Changting Pavilion are washed by the water, and the water flows from the Yin to the Ba. The rain rubs the golden strands thinly, and the smoke curls up and the green silk is soft. Seeing off guests brings new regrets, listening to orioles reminisce about old travels. If you give a lot of gifts and get a lot of discounts, how can you get late autumn?

4. "Willow Branches" by Liu Yuxi

The spring breeze outside the city blows wine flags, and pedestrians wave their arms at sunset. There are countless trees on the streets of Chang'an, only separated by weeping poplar tubes.

5. "Willow Branches" by Zhou Dehua

There are thousands of willow branches in the Qingjiang River, and the old Banqiao twenty years ago. I said goodbye to my lover on the bridge, and there is no news about him till now.

6. Li Bai's "Lao Lao Pavilion"

Where the world is sad, Lao Lao sees off guests at the pavilion. The spring breeze knows how to avoid bitterness and does not send green willow branches.

7. Luo Yin's "Willow"

Ba Anqing comes to say goodbye frequently, and we can't stand each other until spring. The flying catkins in my own house are still uncertain, and I am stumbling over the hanging threads to trip up passers-by. 2. A complete collection of ancient poems about willows

There is no way out despite the mountains and rivers, but the willows are dark and the flowers are bright in another village. ——Lu You's "Visiting Shanxi Village"

My clothes are wet with the apricot blossom rain, and the willow wind is not cold on my face. ——Zhinan's "Quequatrains"

Two orioles sang in the green willows, and a row of egrets ascended to the blue sky. ——Du Fu's "Quequatrains"

The moon is on the willow branches, and people make appointments after dusk. ——Ouyang Xiu "Shengchazi·Yuanxi"

Why should the Qiang flute blame the willows? The spring breeze does not pass through Yumen Pass. ——Wang Zhihuan's "Two Poems from Liangzhou·Part 1"

The jasper is as tall as a tree, with thousands of green silk ribbons hanging down. —— He Zhizhang's "Ode to the Willow"

I don't know who cut out the thin leaves. The spring breeze in February is like scissors. ——He Zhizhang's "Ode to the Willows"

The courtyard is a little deeper, with willows piled up in smoke and countless curtains. ——Ouyang Xiu, "Die Lian Hua·How Deep the Courtyard"

How much hate the west wind can't blow away the eyebrows. ——Nalan Xingde's "Linjiang Immortal Cold Willow"

The grass is long and the orioles are flying in February, and the willows are brushing against the embankment and drunk with the spring smoke. —— Gao Ding's "Village Residence"

Willows and crows crow in the courtyard at dusk, remember that person, and pear blossoms break with the moon. ——Chen Liang's "Poppy Poppies: Light Clouds Swinging in the East Wind"

Flowers are flying everywhere in the spring city, and the east wind keeps the willows from falling in the cold food. ——Han Hong's "Cold Food"

The peach red contains the lingering rain, and the willow green carries the morning smoke. ——Wang Wei's "Seven Pastoral Music No. 6"

The morning rain in Weicheng is light and dusty, and the guesthouses are green and willows are new. ——Wang Wei's "Weicheng Song"

Jujube flowers are falling on clothes and towels, reeling wheels are ringing in the south and north of the village, and cucumbers are sold by cows and old willows. ——Su Shi's "Huanxisha·Jujube Blossoms Falling on Clothes and Scarves"

The most beautiful thing about spring is that it is better than the smoke and willows all over the imperial capital. ——Han Yu's "Early Spring Presents Zhang Shiba of the Ministry of Water"

Hearing the broken willows in this nocturne, who can't help but feel the love of his hometown. ——Li Bai's "Hearing the Flute in Luo City on a Spring Night"

Dancing low in the willow tower with the moon in the heart, singing to the wind under the peach blossom fan. ——Yan Jidao's "Partridge Sky·Colored Sleeves Holding the Jade Bell" 3. I want to write a farewell poem about the willow trees in Bahe River,

The breaking of willows as a farewell began in the Han Dynasty, and it is also a long-lasting farewell in our country. custom.

According to the "Sanfu Huangtu·Bridge" record: "Baqiao is located in the east of Chang'an and is built as a bridge across the water. The Han people sent guests to this bridge and broke willows to say goodbye." There is a Ba Bridge outside the east gate of Chang'an, the capital city. There are rows of willows on both sides of the Ba River, which is called Ba Bridge Willow by the world. The willows are full of smoke in the spring on the bank of Ba River, and they climb and break every year for pedestrians.

When bidding farewell to relatives and friends heading east from Chang'an, they often stop at Baqiao to say goodbye. The willows here are lined up on the bank, with soft silk swaying. The farewell person takes the homophony of "liu" and "liu" and breaks the willows to say goodbye. It not only expresses the emotion of reluctance, but also implies that when people go to a foreign land, they are like willows that adapt to changing circumstances and develop and grow. .

In the Sui and Tang dynasties, breaking willows as gifts became more popular, and this custom was often recorded in literary works. The poem "Farewell" written by the Sui Dynasty reads: "The willows are green and heavy on the ground, the willows are flying in the sky, the willow branches are broken and the flowers are flying, I would like to ask the passers-by whether they are coming home."

Farewell to the willows. Love is described vividly. I don't know how many farewells I have seen in Baqiao. As time goes by, Baqiao was renamed "Bridge of Ending of Love" and "Bridge of Broken Hearts".

Year after year, Willow Seed has no injury. Ba Ling Willow Seed. How many past events are immersed in the memory of Qin'e's sorrowful farewell. Why did the beauty of Wu and Yue travel thousands of miles in the land of Qin, missing her husband, looking back at her dreams, and the whole building is full of sound? The moonlight shines on the weeping willows, the whispers lingering in the boudoir, the lingering resentment in the boudoir, the west wind lingering, the Han family mausoleum is submerged in the dusk of history. At this time, only the farewell willow branches are swaying in the wind on the bank of the Ba River. The wind and snow in the Ba mausoleum remind us often of that time. Countless stories of breaking willows. Standing on the bank of the Ba River, looking back at the sky of Chang'an. There is a steady drizzle falling from Li Bai's poems. An umbrella passes me by. I feel lost and no one is with me. There was no one to break willows for me to see me off, so I returned alone along the original road in Tang Dynasty Bai Juyi's "Poem of Willow Branches". A tree has thousands of branches in the spring breeze, as tender as gold and as soft as silk. In the deserted garden at the west corner of Yongfeng, who belongs to whom no one belongs to all day long? Qingmen Liu Tang Bai Juyi Qingqing Yishu looked sad, and had been involved in the separation and hatred of several people.

In order to say goodbye to many people near the capital, the long strips are folded to reduce the spring breeze. Suzhou Liutang Bai Juyi Golden Valley Garden, Huang Niao Na, and Qujiang Pavilion beside the whirling green.

Laolai travels everywhere, unlike Suzhou where willows are the most common. The fluttering white hair is blowing on your face, leaving you at a loss what to do.

The new willows in Chang'an in the Tang Dynasty, Chen Guang and Jiumo Yunchuji, the willows in Huangqu are already new. Different Tianyuan scenery, spring comes first.

The color is light and slightly revealing, and the silk is light and not dusty. One branch is about to be broken, and it will be morning when it returns.

In May, the willow trees and tang trees grow tall and tall by the waterside, and their hanging shadows cover the clear sky. My sleeping face is still cold, and my lazy waist is even softer.

Shake the air bar and it is heavy, and the water belt will unfold. It seems like the drunken smoke condenses on the scene, like the sorrowful moon with dew.

Fishes are frightened by long threads, and birds are frightened by weak branches. How sentimental is the long separation, and the spring is full of joy.

Liu Tang Cui's oar wind is slow and the sun is late, dragging smoke and blowing on the water. Provoke the hatred of thousands of generals and tie them to short and long branches.

A man with weak bones is thin, and a woman with a light waist is hungry. I still miss my hometown without returning home.

The Cui oars of the Xinliu and Tang Dynasties are ruthless and gentle, and they are ready for spring, as if they are leaning against the ancient platform in the wind. How much I hate last year and today, the color of Yugou comes from Dongting.

On the embankment, there are ten thousand silk threads from the willows of Tang Dynasty and Dai Shulun, weaving farewells when spring comes. At the place where passers-by climb and break, the concubine has her heart broken.

Endowed with a long pavilion and willows, Dai Shulun of the Tang Dynasty took care of the long pavilion and willows, and the Yin connected with the Ba water flow. The rain rubs the golden strands thinly, and the smoke is soft and green.

Seeing off guests brings new regrets, and listening to orioles reminisce about old travels. If you give as a gift and get more as a gift, you will get late autumn.

Titan Liu Tang Di Huan Tian Nan and Tian Bei, here the shadows are whirling. There is no end to the emerald green, and there is more to it than love.

The lingering rain lingers on the Ba Bank, and the mist envelopes the Sui River. He has a good name, can Qin Song succeed him?

Du Mu, a lonely willow tree in Tang Dynasty, smoked a willow tree, and the wind shook the ground for a long time. The beautiful woman couldn't bear to be broken and looked back at her delicate hands with regret.

Liu Quatrain of Tang Dynasty by Du Mu. Several trees have newly bloomed and their green shadows are in full bloom. They lean against the wind and are fascinated by the spring. I hate my hometown Fanchuan, half covering the village bridge and half brushing the stream.

In the new Liu Tang Dynasty, Du Mu was unable to shake the wind and his beauty was new, and his thin waist was often jealous. The green shade has not covered the water of the long embankment, and the golden ears are the first to greet the spring in the garden.

A few sad memories of the long journey, a branch and the rain send the dust off. There are many farewells outside the east gate, and people are worried about killing people day and night.

Yugou Liutang Du Xunhelu When spring comes to Yugou, the willows beside the ditch will be new. The thin cage penetrates the forbidden water and gently brushes the people entering the court.

The sun is approaching, the time is early, and the sky is low and the sky is even. The warbler's perch in the valley is not stable, and the painting of the palace maid is difficult to be realistic.

The Chu Kingdom is shaking with waves, while the Sui Dynasty embankment is secretly stirring up dust. In the Imperial City, Longjin must be conquered first.

The willow branches are swaying in the wind, and they are softer than silk near the embankment. Who knows if the attitude is strong? If the strength is weak, it will be difficult to maintain it.

Learn to dance with branches, turn your sleeves, and spread your eyebrows like makeup leaves. How to climb up and down, Huaiyou wrote poems again.

Liu Tang Han Xie A cage of gold thread brushed the curved bridge, and the waist was almost damaged by children. Helplessly, Linghe Biaoge is still there, but the spring is still long and thin.

Two poems about willows in the Tang Dynasty: Gu Yun brings dew and smoke hanging down everywhere, with yellow blossoms and uneven green leaves. There is no catkins floating in the wind on the long embankment, but the sun reflects on the vast road for the first time.

Sneaking by the painted banquet to steal the dance, lowering oneself to the makeup pavilion to imitate frowning. Don't leave the pavilion until late spring, fold all the tens of thousands of branches on the eaves.

The flowers and weeds are always competing for new ones, and the wrinkles on the eyebrows are uneven. Don't waste a spring just by begging for the remaining strength of the east wind.

Reference materials: ?fr=qrl3 Yong Liu He Zhizhang (Tang Dynasty) The jasper makeup is as tall as a tree, with thousands of green silk ribbons hanging down. I don’t know who cuts out the thin leaves. The spring breeze in February is like scissors.

Du Fu (Tang Dynasty), one of the nine quatrains, is about to end. Wild catkins dance with the wind, and light peach blossoms float with the water.

Hibiscus is like a face and willows are like eyebrows, how can I not shed tears about this? In this nocturne, when I hear the willow tree breaking, who can't help but feel the love of my hometown? Willow bank, dawn wind and waning moon! Silks of willow brush against my face. I have passed away in the past, and the willows cling to me now. I come to think about it. The rain and snow are falling, and the willows are green and hanging on the ground. The willows are flying in the sky.

When all the wicker branches are broken and the flowers fly away, I would like to ask passers-by whether they are returning home. The dawn wind and the waning moon on the bank of the willows do not know who has cut out the thin leaves, and the sound of the jade flute is flying quietly, spreading into the spring breeze and filling Luo City.

In this nocturne, I hear broken willows, who can't remember the sentiment of my hometown? There is an old willow tree next to Tizhou North Road - Bai Juyi's skin withered edges has been exposed to wind and frost for a long time, and the short branches should be climbed and broken frequently. But seeing that half-life is on this road, I don’t know who was the first seed.

The number of snowflakes decreases year by year, and the tobacco leaves become sparse and new each year. Don't forget that the old plants are less fragrant, and they are better in spring than in spring.

Yong Liu [Tang Dynasty] He Zhizhang made up the jasper tree as high as a tree, with thousands of green silk ribbons (tāo) hanging down. I don’t know who cut out the thin leaves.

4. Ancient poems about "willow"

Caiwei's "The Book of Songs·Xiaoya"

In the past, I left, and the willows lingered. Now that I'm thinking about it, it's raining and snowing.

[Note] "The Book of Songs·Xiaoya·Caiwei" writes about the feelings of soldiers who went out to defend their homes and country and missed their relatives and hometown. This is the earliest poem in ancient Chinese poetry that uses willow as an image. poetry. The general idea is: When we went on the expedition, the willows were fluttering; now when we return, it is rain and snow flying all over the sky.

Yong Liu [Song Dynasty] Zeng Gong

The chaotic strips have not yet turned yellow, leaning against the east wind and becoming wild.

The flying flowers are obscured by the sun and the moon, and I don’t know that there is clear frost in the sky and the earth.

[Note] This poem is titled "Yong Willow", which actually holds a metaphorical meaning. Through the description of the willow tree that "goes wild when leaning on the east wind" and "flying flowers cover the sun and moon", it describes those villains who go wild when they succeed; and warns them with "clear frost in the sky and the earth" that they will not end well and cannot escape the fate of destruction. .

Like Meng Ling's "A Dream of Red Mansions"

How could it be that the embroidered velvet is still spitting out, rolling up half the curtain of fragrant mist, and picking it up with delicate hands, making the cuckoo sing and swallows jealous in the air.

Stay here, stay here! Don't let the spring light go away.

This word is "Yong Liu" written by Shi Xiangyun, a character in "A Dream of Red Mansions" written by Cao Xueqin. It is very interesting to read.

Partridge Sky and Ode to the Willows

Intended to be leisurely

After the rain in May, the sky is clear, and the scenery is clear and beautiful for a while.

The smoke in the cage is green and delicate, with butterflies dancing in between.

The willow waist is thin and the leaf eyebrows are happy. He also holds people's arms and brushes their shoulders.

Predecessors used to write complaints about separation, but now I translate it into a charming chapter.

[Note] This is a "Yong Liu" poem written by a netizen. It has the legacy of the ancients and is more innovative in the times.

An ancient poem with willows: Flowers are flying everywhere in the spring city, and the cold food and east wind keep the willows from slanting.

The mountains and rivers are full of doubts and there is no way out, and the willows are dark and the flowers are bright in another village [Lu You]

I don’t know who cuts out the thin leaves. The spring breeze in February is like scissors.

The willows are not covered by the spring scenery, and a branch of red apricot sticks out of the wall. Lu You's "Composition Immediately"

The east wind in the willow belt is always slanting, and the spring gloom is covering people's homes. Sometimes it rains at three o'clock or two o'clock, and there are ten and five branches of flowers everywhere. There are suspected embroidery paintings on the terrace of Wanjing Tower, and the pearls and emerald green of Jiuyuan are like haze. Who asks me every year today, lying alone in Chang'an and weeping over the years? 5. Ancient poems about willows

"The morning rain in Weicheng is light and dusty, and the guests are green and the willows are new" - Wang Wei (Tang Dynasty) - "Weicheng Song"

"The willows are green and the river is green Level, I heard the sound of singing on the Langjiang River" - Liu Yuxi (Tang Dynasty) - "Bamboo Branch Poems"

"My favorite lake is not enough to go eastward, and the white sand embankment is in the shade of green poplars" - Bai Juyi (Tang Dynasty) - " "Spring Trip to Qiantang Lake"

The chaotic strips have not yet turned yellow, and they become wild when relying on the east wind. The flying flowers are obscured by the sun and the moon, and I don’t know that there is clear frost in the sky and the earth. - Zeng Gong [Song Dynasty] - "Ode to the Willow"

The jasper is as high as a tree, with thousands of green silk ribbons hanging down. I don’t know who cuts out the thin leaves. The spring breeze in February is like scissors. - He Zhizhang (Tang Dynasty) - "Ode to the Willow"

Answered by: mike_silver - Great Magician Level 9 1-2 17:28

Clouds rise above the sea and dawn, and plum willows cross the river in spring. Shuqi urges the yellow birds, and the clear light turns to green apples

Du Shenyan of the Tang Dynasty "An early spring visit with Lu Cheng in the Jinling Mausoleum"

The color of the snow in the mausoleum is still day lily, revealing the wicker in the spring scenery< /p>

Tang Dynasty Du Fu's "Twelfth Day"

The poet's clear scene is in the New Year, and the green willows are only half yellow

Tang Yang Juyuan's "Early Spring in the East of the City"

The light rain on the street is as moist as crisp, the color of grass looks far away but is not seen up close. The most advantageous thing about spring is that it is full of smoke and willows all over the imperial capital

Tang Hanyu's "Early Spring Presented to Zhang Shiba of the Ministry of Water Resources"

When will the east wind come from Luoyang and the willows on the banks of Sichuan will return to spring

< p> Tang Hanyu's "Five Poems for Sensing Spring"

Unconsciously, the spring breeze changes the wicker

Tang Hanhuang's "The Dark Sun Presents to the Judges"

The first sales of smoke and water are tens of thousands At home, the east wind blows thousands of willows slanting

Tang Dynasty Dou Gong's "Xiangyang Cold Food Sends to Yu"

Sometimes an east wind blows in in front of the courtyard, and thousands of willows are facing west

Tang Dynasty Liu Fangping's "Regrets of the Spring"

Falling flowers are full of spring, sparse willows reflect the new pond

Tang Dynasty Chu Guangxi's "Answers to the King's Thirteenth Dimension"

The wind is weak Know how to urge the willows, Lin Qingjue is waiting for the flowers

Lu Xun of the Tang Dynasty "Return to the platform at the end of the year to watch the city and become a slogan to give to relatives first

The weak willow has thousands of apricots and one branch, half containing the spring rain and half Hanging Silk

"Inscribed on Wangyuan Station" by Wen Tingfan of the Tang Dynasty

The residual snow drips secretly with the ice bamboo shoots, sneaking back to the willow branches in the new year

Zhang Lai of the Song Dynasty " "Spring Day"

The east wind has faith but no one can see it, the dew is slightly revealing, and the lace is bordered by the willows

Song Dynasty Su Shi's "A Cluster of Flowers"

The warm day and clear wind first break freeze.

Willow eyes and plum blossom cheeks, already feeling the heartbeat of spring

Song Dynasty Li Qingzhao's Loving Flowers"

The willows will not cover the spring beauty, and a branch of red apricot emerges from the wall

Song Dynasty Lu You's "Composition Immediately"

When spring comes to Qingming, there are many flowers and willows

Song Dynasty Xin Qiji's "Thanks to the Emperor's Favor for Fan Wushou"

The spring scenery is sultry, and I love the flowery wind. Like a fan, the willow smoke forms an array

Qing Dynasty Hong Yi's "Eternal Life Palace·Yuyou"

"The morning rain in Weicheng is light and dusty, and the guest scenery is green and the willows are new" - Wang Wei (Tang Dynasty) - "Weicheng Song"

"The willows are green and the Qingjiang River is level, and I can hear the singing on the Langjiang River" - Liu Yuxi (Tang Dynasty) - "Bamboo Branch Ci"

"I love Hudong the most If there is not enough walking, there will be white sand embankments in the shade of green poplars." - Bai Juyi (Tang Dynasty) - "Spring Tour of Qiantang Lake"

The chaotic strips have not yet turned yellow, and they will go crazy if they rely on the east wind. The flying flowers are obscured by the sun and the moon, and I don’t know that there is clear frost in the sky and the earth. - Zeng Gong [Song Dynasty] - "Ode to the Willow"

The jasper is as high as a tree, with thousands of green silk ribbons hanging down. I don’t know who cuts out the thin leaves. The spring breeze in February is like scissors. - He Zhizhang (Tang Dynasty) - "Ode to Willows" 6. Li Bai's ancient poem about willows

Hearing the broken willows in this nocturne, no one can afford to miss the love of his hometown. ——Li Bai's "Listening to the Flute in Luo City on a Spring Night"

The wind blows the willow flowers and fills the store with fragrance, and Wu Ji presses wine for guests to taste. ——Li Bai "Farewell at Jinling Winery"

The spring breeze knows the bitterness of farewell and does not send away the green willow branches. ——Li Bai's "Lao Lao Pavilion"

I heard the broken willows in the flute, but I have never seen the spring scenery. ——Li Bai's "Six Songs under the Fortress·Part 1"

In the old garden, the willows are new in the desolate terrace, and the acapella songs are endlessly sung in spring. ——Li Bai's "Su Tai Views the Ancients"

What matters most to people is the crow of the white door willow. ——Li Bai's "Yang Bei'er"

The willow color is golden and tender, and the pear blossoms are white and fragrant. ——Li Bai's "Eight Poems for Palace Music, No. 2"

Climbing the spring scenery, I send it to the front of the Dragon Court. ——Li Bai's "Breaking Willows"

The weeping willows blow over the green water, making the spring breeze brighter. ——Li Bai's "Breaking Willows"

The autumn frost does not care about people and suddenly invades the willow trees. ——Li Bai's "Long Song Xing"

A piano is caressed by waves, and five willow trees are planted in vain. ——Li Bai's "Mocking Wang Liyang for Reluctance to Drink"

The bright jade flowers close the snow, and the leaves warm the golden window smoke. ——Li Bai's "Breaking Willows"

The beauty has long thought about it, but I feel sad about it. ——Li Bai's "Breaking Willows"

The east wind blew into Wuyang last night, and the willows on the streets turned golden. ——Li Bai's "Early Spring Letter to Wang Hanyang"

Qin Lou Yue, the willows are colored every year, and Ba Ling is sad to say goodbye. ——Li Bai's "Recalling Qin'e·Xiao Shengyan" 7. Poems about Ba Ling, Ba Bridge, and historical allusions

Ba Ling, the mausoleum of Emperor Wen of Han Dynasty, is sometimes written as Baling.

Ba means Bahe River. Because Baling is close to the Bahe River, it got its name.

It is located in the northeast corner of Bailuyuan in the eastern suburbs of Xi'an, now west of Maoxi Village, Xiwang Street Office, Baqiao District. It is called "Phoenix Mouth" by the locals. The Baling Bridge in Xi'an during the Tang Dynasty was the only place for people to say goodbye to Chang'an when traveling across the country. The Baling Bridge was shaded by willows on both sides, so it became a famous place where the ancients folded the willows to say goodbye.

Famous poems include: Recalling Qin E by Li Bai Xiao Sheng swallowed, Qin E dreamed of breaking the moon over the Qin Tower. Qin Lou Yue, willow color every year, Ba Ling hurts farewell.

Enjoy the Qingqiu Festival in Yuanyuan, and the sound of the Xianyang ancient road is excruciating. The sound is gone, the west wind is lingering, and the Han family mausoleum is still there.

Farewell Li Bai on a trip to Baling. Farewell to you at Baling Pavilion, where the water flows mightily. There are old trees without flowers above, and there are sad spring grasses below.

I asked the people of Qin about the road, and they said it was the ancient road used by Wang Can to climb south. As we walk along the ancient road in Xijing, the sun sets over the Purple Palace and the clouds rise.

At this moment of heartbreak, Oriole Chou cannot bear to listen. Another song: "Ode to the Epic Ba Ling" Genre: Qi Jue Ode Dynasty: Tang and Tang Author: Hu Zeng Yuan's head was set at sunset with snow and clouds, still letting Han Lu chase the rabbits.

It is a peaceful day in all directions. Who in Ba Ling recognizes the old general? .