Songjiang perch belongs to Perciformes, Duffy, Songjiang perch. Its real name is "Quanjiang Perch" and it is called "Four-gill Perch", which is almost a household name in Jiangnan. However, this is a misunderstanding. Its earliest written records can be found in Shaoxing during the Southern Song Dynasty. Fan Chengda wrote "Wu Junzhi": "Perch, born in Songjiang, should be preserved, innocent and gentle, not fishy, all above are fish. ..... commonly known as the four gills of river fish and the two gills of lake fish. " In the Song Dynasty, Kong's Talking about Mountains also said: "Songjiang perch was born in the south of Changqiao, with four cheeks. The meat is delicious and firm, and the color remains unchanged all day after cutting. North of the bridge, near Kunshan, the river flows into the sea and three gills are produced. The taste is salty and the meat is a bit slow, not as beautiful as Songjiang. "
The account in Biography of Zuo Ci in the Later Han Dynasty reached the end of Yuan Dynasty and the beginning of Ming Dynasty, which was written by Luo Guanzhong in Romance of the Three Kingdoms. The performance is: "When I was young, people went into the fish pond, and Ci (Zuo Ci) said,' It's beautiful to fish in Songjiang. ..... "Cao Cao said," This kind of fish already exists in our culture ". Kindly said:' Why did your majesty bully you? There are only two gills in the world, but Songjiang perch has four gills, which can be distinguished. Officials think it has four gills. However, the official name of Songjiang perch is "Tetrabranchial Perch", or it is recorded in Compendium of Materia Medica by Li Shizhen in Ming Dynasty: "Perch, Tetrabranchial Perch ... is black, and this fish is black and white, so it is named" Tetrabranchial Perch ". Zhang Zilie's Zheng Yutong in the Ming Dynasty also said: "Perch has a huge mouth and fine scales, and is several inches long, especially in Wujiang and Songjiang in July and August. The sea bass in the world has two gills, but Songjiang has four gills. " In the Qing Dynasty, Jiaqing's Records of Songjiang Prefecture quoted Xu Yunfu as saying, "All the bass in the world have two gills, while the bass in Songjiang has four gills". In fact, Songjiang perch, like other fish, has only two gills and no four gills. After Song and Yuan Dynasties, Songjiang perch was considered as a four-gill because there was a "gill-like" depression on the gill cover bone in front of the two gill holes, especially in the breeding season, which was orange-red, very similar to the true gill hole in shape and color, and looked like a "true gill hole" at first glance. So every time I mistakenly think that Songjiang bass has "four cheeks". This is a misunderstanding, but for hundreds of years, it has highlighted the "four cheeks" theory of Songjiang bass.
There are many poems, articles, legends and descriptions in the past dynasties praising the delicacy of Songjiang perch. In Wu Xingzhi written by Jia Tai in Tan Yin in Song Dynasty, it is recorded that Songjiang perch "has fine meat, so it is suitable for soup, and Zhang Han can also be considered". According to legend, the people of Wu presented Songjiang perch to Yang-ti, who praised it after tasting it, saying it was "a treasure beyond its reach" (Nanjun). By the Qing Dynasty, it was tasted by Kangxi and Qianlong, and was known as "the first dish in the south of the Yangtze River", with a far-reaching reputation. It is said that Songjiang perch has large gills and can store more water. After leaving the water, it can survive in the chaff for three or four days. From 1946, when consulting Shanghai's "Shen Chun Qiu", it was recorded that Songjiang perch was transported to Shanghai with chaff, and all of them were alive.
Songjiang perch not only tastes delicious, but also has high nutritional value. According to analysis, the content of protein in fish is as high as 20%, which is higher than that of protein in beef, duck and eel. In addition, it can also be used as medicine. Notes in Compendium of Materia Medica: Songjiang perch is sweet in nature, toxic to water, nourishing five internal organs, benefiting bones and muscles, benefiting the stomach, controlling moisture, eating more and pleasing people, making silk excellent, exposed to dryness, extremely fragrant and beautiful; Benefiting the liver and kidney, it is especially good to be a cockroach. "
As the treasure of fish, Songjiang perch is more and more welcomed by Chinese and foreign people with the deepening of China's opening to the outside world. 1972, when former US President Nixon visited Shanghai, he asked to taste Songjiang perch. At the beginning of 1983, Shanghai Jinjiang Hotel held a cooking performance of Hong Kong Songjiang bass at the invitation of Wu Shuqing, general manager of Hong Kong China Food Research Institute Co., Ltd., which caused a great sensation. Medicinal name: Songjiang perch
Source: It's the meat of Songjiang perch, a Duffy animal.
Efficacy: invigorating qi and spleen, nourishing liver and kidney, tonifying kidney and preventing miscarriage.
Indications: It is used for anorexia, abdominal distension, thin stool, white face, emaciation and fatigue caused by abnormal spleen transport; Deficiency of liver and kidney, vaginal bleeding, or soreness of waist and abdomen, kidney deficiency and marrow deficiency, dizziness and tinnitus, bladder weakness, frequent urination and restless fetal movement.
Taste: sweet, salty and warm. Into the spleen, liver and kidney.
Administration and dosage: oral: decoction, 50- 100g.
Nicknames: Songjiang Perch, Daughter-in-law Perch, Four-gill Perch, Songfu Perch, Boat-biting Perch, and Funian Perch (Fauna Medicata of China).
Distribution of animal and plant resources: This species is distributed in Bohai Sea, Yellow Sea and East China Sea. Songjiang County, Jiangsu Province, China is rich in this kind of fish, hence the name Songjiang Bass.
Collection and preservation of medicinal materials: after capture, viscera are removed, washed and used as medicine.
Latin name: Songjiang perch
Textual research: It was first published in China Journal of Medicinal Animals. The meat of Songjiang perch, a Duffy animal. Songjiang perch is also called four gill fish, Du Fu fish, ship bite fish and Fu catfish. Distributed in Bohai Sea, Yellow Sea and East China Sea. After taking it, remove impurities from fins and intestines, wash it and use it sparingly.
Sweet and warm in nature. It can also replenish the spleen and stomach. Used for spleen and stomach weakness, dyspepsia, or malnutrition and emaciation in children. It can be used in combination with drugs such as Atractylodis Rhizoma and Pericarpium Citri Tangerinae for invigorating stomach and spleen.