The answer to the basic rules of metrical poetry is as follows:
Rhythmic poetry, also known as modern poetry or modern poetry, is a form of poetry with strict meter and rhyme. In metrical poetry, there are certain rules and requirements in terms of the number of verses, number of words, rhyme, and obliqueness. The following are some basic rules and characteristics of metrical poetry:
Fixed number of sentences: Metrical poetry usually consists of eight sentences, each with five or seven words. According to the number of words in each sentence, it can be divided into five-character quatrains and seven-character quatrains. Each sentence of a five-character quatrain has five characters, and each sentence has twenty characters. Each sentence of a seven-character quatrain has seven characters, and each sentence has twenty-eight characters.
Strict rhyme: Metrical poetry requires rhyme, and it must rhyme to the end. Generally speaking, the rhyme of metrical poetry adopts flat rhyme and must rhyme in the same rhyme part. In the Tang Dynasty, metrical poetry was also required to avoid rhyming with words that rhymed with the same sound, which was called "avoiding rhymes."
Order of oblique and oblique lines: In metrical poetry, oblique and oblique lines appear alternately to form the rhythm and rhyme of the poem. Flatness and obliqueness are one of the important characteristics of modern poetry and the basic elements of metrical poetry.
Specifically, the flat tone refers to the first and second tones in Chinese Pinyin, and the oblique tone refers to the third and fourth tones in Chinese Pinyin. When writing metrical poems, the words of the poems need to be arranged according to the rules of level and oblique, so that the poems have the beauty of phonological harmony.
Neat antithesis: Metrical poetry requires neat antithesis, that is, the words in the poem must correspond and have similar or opposite meanings. Antithesis can make the structure of the poem more rigorous and its meaning clearer. Generally speaking, there are four types of antithesis in metrical poetry: positive antithesis, opposition, flowing antithesis and foil antithesis.
Refined content: Metric poems are shorter in length, generally no more than forty words. Therefore, when writing metrical poetry, you need to pay attention to the refinement of language and precision of expression, and avoid using too many gorgeous words and redundant sentences.
At the same time, the content of metrical poetry should have a distinct theme and profound artistic conception, which can leave a deep impression on people.
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Quatrains and rhythmic poetry: According to the number of words in each sentence, metrical poetry can be divided into quatrains and rhythmic poetry. Each line of quatrains has five or seven characters, and there are only four lines; each line of rhymed poetry has eight or ten characters, and there are eight or ten lines. Rhymed poetry can be divided into five-character rhythmic poetry and seven-character rhythmic poetry, which are referred to as "five-character verses" and "seven-character verses" respectively.
Basic types of antithesis: Antithesis is one of the common rhetorical techniques in metrical poetry. It can be divided into four basic types: direct opposition, opposition, flowing pair and foil pair.
Positive pairing means that the meanings of the upper and lower sentences are similar or opposite, and opposition means the opposite; flowing pair means that the meanings of the upper and lower sentences are consistent with each other; and contrasting pair means that the meanings of the upper and lower sentences contrast and complement each other.
Rhyming methods: There are many ways of rhyming, among which the more common ones are "the first sentence starting flat and entering the rhyming pattern" and "the first sentence starting flat and not entering the rhyming pattern". In addition, there are rhyming methods such as "the first sentence of the oblique beginning is in the rhyme pattern" and "the first sentence of the oblique beginning is not in the rhyme pattern".
Modern style poetry and ancient style poetry: According to the different formation periods and characteristics, poetry can be divided into modern style poetry and ancient style poetry. Modern poetry is a form of poetry formed in the Tang Dynasty, including metrical poetry and quatrains;
Ancient poetry is a form of poetry before that, including "The Book of Songs", "Chu Ci", etc. The rhythm of modern poetry is more rigorous, while the rhythm of ancient poetry is relatively free and flexible.