The wanderer has been away for a long time, the previous sentence: Floating clouds travel all day long
Original text:
Dream Li Bai's two poems·Part 2
Tang Dynasty: Du Fu
The floating clouds move all day long, and the wanderer will not arrive for a long time.
I have been dreaming of you for three nights, and I have seen you personally.
It is often awkward to return home, and the journey is hard to come by.
There are many turmoils in the rivers and lakes, and the boat may be lost.
If you scratch your head when you go out, you will lose your life ambitions.
The capital is covered with crowns, but this man is alone and haggard.
The clouds and the network are in full swing, which makes my old body tired.
Long live the name, but the loneliness will be behind you.
Translation:
The clouds in the sky float here and there every day, but the old friends who have traveled far away have not returned for a long time.
I see you in my dreams many times at night, which shows your deep affection for me.
The difference is that you always look in a hurry and always talk about how difficult it is to meet you.
Navigation on rivers and lakes is full of dangerous winds and waves, and you are worried that your boat will be overturned and sunk.
When I went out, I scratched my head full of white hair, regretting that I had failed to live up to my lifelong ambition.
The capital is crowded with dignitaries in high-end cars and elegant clothes, but you are extremely talented but look haggard.
Who can say that God’s justice does not deceive others, but innocent people are affected in their old age.
Even with a long-lasting reputation, it is difficult to compensate for the neglect and sadness.
Notes:
1. Floating clouds: a metaphor for wandering wanderers. Wanderer: This refers to Li Bai.
2. These two sentences say: Li Bai came into my dream for three consecutive nights, which shows his deep affection for me. This is also written from the perspective of the other party.
3. Farewell: farewell. Confined: uneasy and reluctant to give up.
4. These two sentences describe what Li Bai said when he returned home.
5. These two sentences describe Li Bai’s demeanor when he returned home. Scratching the head: This is probably Li Bai's habitual behavior when he is unhappy.
6. Crown: official hat. Lid: The hood on the car. Crown cover: refers to high-ranking officials. Si Ren: This person refers to Li Bai.
7. What is said: Who said. The net is huge: "Laozi" has a saying that "the sky's net is huge, sparse but not omitted". This refers to the French Open. This sentence means: Who said Skynet is lenient, but it is too harsh on you.
8. These two sentences say: Although he was lonely and miserable when he was alive, he will surely gain a reputation that lasts forever.
Creative background:
These two poems were written by Du Fu in the autumn of the second year of Qianyuan (759) when he was living in Qinzhou. Li Bai and Du Fu broke up in Shimen, Yanzhou, Shandong in the autumn of the fourth year of Tianbao (745) and never saw each other again, but they have always missed each other deeply. In 757 AD (the second year of Zhide), Li Bai was implicated in his involvement in the shogunate of Yong Wang Li Lin and was imprisoned in Xunyang (now Jiujiang City, Jiangxi Province). At the beginning of the first year of Qianyuan (758), he was convicted of Changliu Yelang (now Tongzi County, Guizhou Province). In February of the second year of Qianyuan (759), while on his way to exile in the Three Gorges, he was pardoned and released, and returned to Jiangling. Du Fu was living in Qinzhou at this time. The place was remote and the news was cut off. He only heard about Li Bai's exile but did not know that he had been pardoned. He was still worried about Li Bai and thought about him in his dreams from time to time, so he wrote these two poems.
Appreciation:
The two poems about dreams are written before, during and after the dream respectively. According to the Qing Dynasty poet Qiu Zhaoao, both poems are divided into four, six, and four. The six lines are layered, the so-called "body with one head and two legs". (See Volume 7 of "Detailed Notes on the Collection of Du Shaoling") The first part describes Li Bai's psychology when he first dreamed about his old friend, expressing his concern for his old friend's good or bad life and death; the second part describes the image of Li Bai he saw in his dream, expressing his sympathy for his old friend's tragic experience.
"Farewell in death is already swallowed, but farewell in life is always pitiful." When writing a poem about a dream, you should say farewell first; before saying farewell, talk about death first, using death as a foil to farewell in life, and writing about Li Bai's exile in a deserted land. , The pain caused by the long absence of news in the poet's heart. At the beginning, there is a sudden rise of a dark wind, blowing an atmosphere of sadness that permeates the whole poem.
"Old friends come into my dream, and I remember them forever." Instead of saying that I saw the old friend in the dream, I said that the old friend came into the dream; and the reason why the old friend came into the dream was because of the long-term longing of the poet, and wrote Li Bai's phantom in The scene that suddenly appears in the dream also expresses the poet's joy and relief when he first meets his old friend. But this joy only lasted for a moment, and then I realized something was wrong: "You are now in a trap, why do you have wings?" Since you are tied to the miasma in the south of the Yangtze River, how can you fly out of the trap and come all the way to me? What about around you? Thinking of all the ominous rumors about Li Bai's whereabouts, the poet couldn't help but secretly wonder: Could it be that he is really dead? Is he in front of me a living soul or a dead soul? The road is far and unpredictable! Joy at first sight, doubt at second thought, and then deep anxiety and fear. The poet's depiction of his dreamy psychology is very delicate and realistic.
"When the soul comes to the maple forest, it is green, and when it returns to the gate, it is dark." After the dream returns to the soul, the poet is still thinking about it: the soul of the old friend comes from the south of the Yangtze River on the starry night, and returns from Qinzhou on the starry night. Flying over thousands of miles of green maple forest in the south, we have to cross the dark and dark Qinlong Pass on our way back. How far away, how difficult, and how lonely we are. "The falling moon filled the beams of the house, hesitatingly illuminating the colors." In the bright moonlight of the house, the poet suddenly felt that Li Bai's haggard face was still vaguely there. He concentrated carefully and realized that it was a hazy illusion. Seeing the soul of an old friend returning all the way, the night is deep, the road is long, and the rivers and lakes are filled with dangerous winds and waves. The poet prays and warns in his heart: "The water is deep and the waves are wide, so that no dragon can reach it." This terrifying scene, It happens to be a symbol of Li Bai's dangerous situation. This anxious prayer reflects the poet's concern for the fate of his old friend.
Here, two allusions about Qu Yuan are used. "The soul comes to the maple forest and green" comes from "The Songs of Chu: Calling the Soul": "There are maples on the Zhanzhan River, and the eyes are thousands of miles away, which hurts the heart of spring, and the soul comes back to mourn the south of the Yangtze River!" The old saying is that Song Yu came to summon Qu Yuan's soul. do. The word "dragon" is found in Liang Wujun's "Xu Qi Xie Ji": In the early years of the Eastern Han Dynasty, someone saw a man who called himself Qu Yuan in Changsha and heard him say: "I have seen great sacrifices, but I am suffering from the dragon." Connecting Li Bai and Qu Yuan through allusions not only highlights the tragedy of Li Bai's fate, but also expresses Du Fu's praise and respect for Li Bai.
The first part was written by the poet when he dreamed of Li Bai for the first time. In the following nights, similar dreams appeared one after another, so the poet wrote the next part of the aria.
"The floating clouds travel all day long, and the wandering boy will not arrive for a long time." It is a common practice among poets to see the floating clouds and miss the wandering boy. Li Bai also has a poem that "the floating clouds wander around, and the setting sun brings the affection of an old friend" ("Farewell to a Friend") . The floating clouds in the sky come and go all day long, but old friends from far away are never seen for a long time. Fortunately, Li Bai was deeply in love and his soul came to visit frequently, so that the poet could talk and relieve his sorrow. "Three nights of dreaming about you, I can see your will in person" echoes each other in the previous chapter "An old friend comes into my dream, and I remember each other forever", which reflects the close friendship between the two. In fact, whether I see you or remember you, the poet expresses his sincere feelings for his old friend by recommending himself to others.
The following six sentences of "Return" select the moment before the soul returns in a dream to describe Li Bai's phantom: Whenever they break up, Li Bai always complains anxiously and uneasily: "It's not easy to come here." Ah, there are so many turmoils in the world, I'm really afraid that the ship will sink!" Seeing him walking out the door and scratching his white hair with his hands, he was clearly regretting that his ambition had failed. "Returning home is always awkward, and the journey of hardship is hard to come by" is the expression; "There are many turmoils in the rivers and lakes, and the boat is afraid of losing it" is the monologue; "Going out and scratching your head is a sign of failure in life", which reveals the psychology through movements and appearance. Only three crosses depict Li Bai's image from all sides. His shape can be seen, his voice can be heard, and his emotions can be felt. His haggard and bleak appearance is just like now. The two sentences "Jianghu" have the same meaning as the previous chapter "The water is deep and the waves are wide, and no dragon can reach it", punctuating the dangers of Li Bai's soul coming and going and the harsh reality of his situation; the two sentences "going out" express the poet's "happiness and regret" Feeling.
The phantom of Li Bai in his dream touched the poet too deeply. Every time he woke up, he always thought more and more angrily and unfairly, and finally he sighed as follows: "The crown is full." In the capital, this man is so haggard! How can he be so tired?" Chang'an is full of powerful people, but only such a great man has no choice but to live in poverty. He is imprisoned and exiled in his old age. Freedom has also been lost, so there is no such thing as "Skynet restored"! If you encounter this during your lifetime, even if you are famous forever after your death, you will be lonely and ignorant, so what's the use of you! "Long live the name for thousands of years, the loneliness behind you." In this heavy sigh, there is a lofty evaluation and deep sympathy for Li Bai, and it also contains the poet's own infinite thoughts.
"Dream of Li Bai's Two Poems", the first part starts with "Farewell", and the second part ends with "After death", forming a complete structure from beginning to end; there are connections and echoes between the two parts, " "There is no news from the guest" and "The wanderer will not come for a long time", "I will always remember you" and "I can see you personally", "You are now in the net" and "What clouds are in the net", "The water is deep and the waves are wide, and there is no dragon." "Gain" and "There are many turmoils in the rivers and lakes, and the boat may be lost", etc., are all the ties that maintain them. However, the content and artistic conception of the two poems are quite different: in terms of "dreams", the first chapter is about first dreams, and the second chapter is about frequent dreams; the first chapter is about the psychology of doubts and illusions, and the second chapter is about clear and real images. From Li Bai's perspective, the first part is about his current situation, and the second part is about sympathy for his life experiences; the worry in the first part is specifically for Li Bai, and the injustice in the second part also contains the poet's own emotions. . In short, the two dream poems are a division of labor and cooperation, related but not identical, and they are both sincere and true words.
About the author:
Du Fu (712-770), courtesy name Zimei, called himself Shaoling Yelao, known as "Du Gongbu", "Du Shaoling", etc., Han nationality, Henan A native of Fugong County (now Gongyi City, Henan Province), Du Fu was a great realist poet in the Tang Dynasty. Du Fu was revered as the "Sage of Poetry" by the world, and his poems were called "the history of poetry". Du Fu and Li Bai are collectively known as "Li Du". In order to distinguish them from the other two poets Li Shangyin and Du Mu, known as "Little Li Du", Du Fu and Li Bai are also collectively known as "Big Li Du". He was concerned about the country and the people, and had a noble personality. About 1,400 of his poems have been preserved. His poetic skills are exquisite, and he is highly respected in Chinese classical poetry and has far-reaching influence. He lived in Chengdu from 759 to 766, and is commemorated by Du Fu thatched cottage in later generations.