For fifteen years, the general came without a fight. Zhu dances heavily, but the horse is fat and the bow is broken. Garrison Diao Dou urged the moon to set and joined the army at the age of 30. Who knows that a strong man's heart is in the flute, and the sand head is empty to recruit people's bones. There was a smell of war in the original, and some descendants turned against Hu Chuan. The adherents are dying and looking forward to recovery, and they are crying tonight! (1) Guan Shanyue: An old topic in Han Yuefu, this is a cross-blowing song. ② Harmony sentence: In the second year of Emperor Xiaozong's Longxing (1 164), he made a second negotiation with the Jin people. Fourteen years have passed since Weng Fang wrote this poem in Xichun for four years (1 177). When I say 15 years here, I mean an estimate. 3 Zhu door is deep: the door of the giants is deep. 4 stable (long): stable. ⑤ Garrison: Frontier architecture. Diao Dou: A musical instrument used in the army. It is used for cooking pots during the day and replacing drums at night. ⑥ adherents: people in enemy-occupied areas. When I was young and bookish, I knew that the world was difficult and the Central Plains looked like a mountain. It snowed all night in the building, and the autumn wind dispersed in the iron horse. (1) Lou Chuan Sentence: refers to the second year of Longxing (1 164), and Lu You, 40 years old, was sentenced to serve his sentence in Zhenjiang. At that time, Zhang Jun visited the Jianghuai military forces with the right prime minister, passing through Zhenjiang, and Lu You met with family friends, which was quite popular. Zhang Jun supervised the training of military horses, increased warships and strengthened river defense. Louchuan, a big ship with a watchtower, refers to the warships of the Southern Song Dynasty. Guazhoudu is on the other side of Zhenjiang. ② Ma Tie sentence: It refers to Lu You's experience in Hanzhong, southern Shaanxi at the age of 48 when he was in Dalu for eight years (1 172). Dasanguan, a place name, was the place where the Jin and Song Dynasties discussed demarcation. 1 1 on the 4th of the month, it was stormy, and the lonely village did not feel sorry for itself. It still wants to defend the country. The night will be over, I lie in bed listening to the sound of wind and rain, in a daze in my dream, riding an armored horse across the frozen river to the northern battlefield. 1 Lie stiff: Lie still. ② Luntai: In Miquan, Xinjiang today. During the Tang Dynasty, it belonged to the Northern Dynasty. This refers to the frontier. 3 Midnight: Late at night. (4) Tiema Glacier: Strong horses gallop on the frozen river, which refers to the northern expedition scene in my dream. In autumn night, the fence gate will greet the cold at dawn, and three rivers in Wan Li will enter the sea, and five thousand mountains will climb skyscrapers. The adherents wept in the dust and looked south to Julian Waghann for another year. The poem "Shizi" leads to the road of death. I know everything is empty, but I am sad to see Jiuzhou. Therefore, when the great Song Jun team recaptures the Central Plains, you will hold a home banquet ceremony. Don't forget to tell me the good news! His patriotic poems are mainly in the following forms: (1) expressing the book of wrath, "When I was young, I knew that the world was difficult, and the Central Plains looked north like a mountain." It snowed all night in the building, and the autumn wind dispersed in the iron horse. Plug into the Great Wall and make an empty promise. The sideburns in the mirror have long faded. " "Introduction" is the real name, who can match it in a thousand years. "Lu You's" One Heart Dan "has never been given the opportunity to serve the country, and he can't help but feel depressed and indignant, which is also reflected in the passionate tone in his poems. There is a strong contrast between the ambition of "Qi Shan" and the reality of "empty self-promise", and the depression, frustration and sadness suppressed in the heart pour out like a raging river, which has a very strong appeal. (2) The expression "Buji Yongmei" means "There is a broken bridge outside the post, and it is lonely and empty." Twilight arrival, plum blossom is helpless, exhausted, and has to withstand the wind and rain. Plum blossoms don't want to compete for blooming, and the envy and rejection of flowers don't care. Scattered into mud, ground into dust, only fragrance remains. "Lu You loves plum blossoms because plum blossoms symbolize integrity. His poem "Falling Plums" said: "The more awe-inspiring the snow, the stronger the integrity in the flower. Out of date, I drift away, shame is pity for Dong Jun. "Plum blossoms are not afraid of cold, but they don't love spring. They came aboveboard. It is this noble character of plum blossom that breaks Lu You's heart. He even fantasized about "how to incarnate hundreds of billions and how to bloom a plum blossom" ("Plum Blossom quatrains"), hoping to be with plum blossoms for life. In fact, the word "Yongmei" is based on the characteristics of plum blossom. The experience of the last movie. The sentence in "Outside the Post" said that the plum blossom moved, downgraded and lived in a different place; The sentence "already yes" means that plum blossoms have been devastated by wind and rain and unfortunately stand out. The next movie, Yongmei, went through all the hardships and left a fragrance. It is not difficult to see the projection of the author's life experience and personality. In his early years, he fell out of favor because his patriotic remarks offended Qin Gui, and later he was dismissed for "urging Zhang Jun to fight". In the environment of stealing peace in the Southern Song Dynasty, he was always jealous, but his patriotic fighting spirit never weakened, and he remained faithful even when he was old. This word was written in his later years, expressing his unswerving patriotic stance and political integrity through Yongmei. (3) With the scenery lyrical ""and capacity, it was declared that in the fifteenth year of Ming Dynasty, the general did not fight for an empty border. Zhu dances heavily, but the horse is fat and the bow is broken. Garrison Diao Dou urged the moon to set and joined the army at the age of 30. Who knows that a strong man's heart is in the flute, and the sand head is empty and recruits people's bones. There was a smell of war in the original, and later generations turned against Hu Chuan! The adherents endured death and looked forward to recovery, and shed tears tonight. "Guan Shanyue" is based on the theme and describes the situation and mentality of three different people (generals, soldiers and adherents) inside and outside the Guanshan (border) in the same moonlight. The first four sentences are about generals: don't fight on the border, indulge in debauchery and abandon combat readiness. The last four sentences are about soldiers: time is wasted, throwing stones to ask for directions, and ambition is hard to pay. The last four sentences are about adherents: eager to recover, frustrated year after year, waiting for death. The moon is the background light source of the whole article, and all three people are sleepless under the moon tonight. The pale moonlight reflects their different joys and sorrows. The focus of the poem is to write the "hate under the moon" interwoven with "the heart of a strong man" and "the tears of adherents", while "the joy of generals" positively reveals that the historical cause of this eternal tragedy is the national policy of "harmony but difference". The whole poem is covered with a layer of grief and indignation in the faint moonlight, silently expressing the author's condemnation of the national policy of "harmony and tolerance" and his regret that he could not serve his country. (4) To dream of "1 1 the storm on the 4th of April", "I'm lying in a deserted village. I don't feel sorry for myself, but I still want to defend my country. Lying at night listening to the wind and rain, iron horse glacier dream. "When writing this poem, the author is sixty-eight years old. Although he is old and frail and lives in the countryside, he is still looking forward to doing his best for the country. One night, it was stormy, and the poet seemed to be fighting fiercely on the battlefield in his sleep. Poetry profoundly expresses the author's lofty aspirations and lofty sentiments of recovering the country and serving the motherland, as well as the unswerving spirit of "growing old and strengthening", which fully shows the poet's lofty patriotic feelings. In his article Patriotic Poems, Mr. Zhu Ziqing divided the patriotic poems in China's classical poems into three categories: one is loyalty to the ancient times, that is, loyalty to a surname; Secondly, praise the soldiers who bravely killed the enemy; Secondly, it is also hatred of aliens. And pointed out that the third item is based on nationality and has a wider scope. He believes that Lu You "has always been an official, but his patriotic enthusiasm is not just for the reputation of the Zhao family. He joined the army in the northwest and strengthened the enemy. For the sake of the nation and the country, he has always had the ambition to restore the Central Plains. " Therefore, he thought, "Maybe he is the only poet in the past who is worthy of the title of patriotic poet. "Worrying about the country and the people, fighting bloody battles, is the biggest feature of Lu's poetry, and it is also the reason why it can be told through the ages. His poetry creation is rooted in real life and has the characteristics of realism, and many poems are full of romantic spirit. Lu You's language attainments are high and his style is simple and natural. On the one hand, poets do not need to specialize in writing because of their solid content and rich feelings. On the other hand, in order to express the theme clearly and smoothly and make the work appealing, the poet also attaches great importance to the improvement of language, pursues new ideas, and is cordial and touching to read. Lu You's poems not only at that time, but also had a far-reaching impact on later generations. Liang Qichao wrote in "Reading Lu Fangweng's Poems" that "the poetry world has been decadent for thousands of years, and the soldiers and souls are tired of" Soul China ". In the poem, Shi Jiu played with the army, and Gu Men let it go. "It is also to use Lu You's poems to stimulate the national morale.
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