Qiu stands on his own feet and is willing to plan the funeral. At most, he said, "The Emperor upholds justice for outsiders, and it is natural for the public to see people being hurt by violence. There is chaos, what? " Filial piety said, "I am willing to teach." Qiu said: "one is Jingzhou, which is very suitable and has little to do with it;" Today, I can't stand the sudden death of no one. I want to make trouble with the emperor. If you treat others with fear, you can be a public disorder, so that you can't harm the public. " Filial piety: "Fortunately!" If Qiu please.
In January, seventeen soldiers went into the market to get wine, stabbed the wine man with a knife, damaged the brewer and let the wine flow into the ditch. Qiu Liezu took seventeen men, all beheaded, and put them outside the city gate. A battalion made a scene and did everything it could. Xiaozong was frightened and called to Taiwei, "How are you?" Qiu said, "There is no harm! Please resign from the military. " Filial piety sent dozens of people from Qiu, Qiu resigned. Take off your sword and choose the old man to lead the horse to the gate. As soon as the armor came out, Qiu said with a smile, "Why kill an old soldier?" ? I am wearing my head! "One ash. Because Oracle Bone Inscriptions said, "Is Shangshu really responsible? Deputy, if it's yours? Why do you want to beat the Guo family by fooling around? For Bai Shangshu, listen to me. " Look at Qiu. Qiu Wei said: "The deputy marshal has filled the heavens and the earth, and must do so forever. Today, ministers are violent, violent and chaotic. They are chaotic. Who wants to blame? Sin and deputy marshal. Today, the evil children of the people fled the army with goods and killed the people. If so, how many days will it not be chaotic? The chaos was caused by Shangshu, and everyone said that Shangshu leaned on the deputy marshal and did not slap the scholar. However, Guo's fame, what is its geometry with survivors? 」
Before he finished, I bowed again and said, "I'm so grateful to have the honor to teach you Tao." I am willing to serve the army. " Gu chide said, "all of you will disarm and disperse, and those who dare to wow will die!" ! Qiu said, "I haven't eaten it, so please assume that I have straw." At dinner, I said, "I'm sick. I want to stay at the door." "Life belongs to the horse, Dan day. Lying in the army. I don't know clothes, and I don't want to wait for the pawn to beat Wei Wei. Dan, everything is filial. Thank you. You can't. Please change. The country is harmless.
First of all, Qiu is a captain in Jingzhou. General Jiao Jing ordered him to distribute people's land to farmers. He said, "Half of it is mine when it is cooked." This year is a year of drought, and there is no grass in the wild. Farmers will tell you. Chen said, "I know how to make a living, but I don't know about drought." "Governor, the farmer starved to death, free of charge, namely the high. Qiu's judgment is vague, which makes people ask for advice. Chen was furious and called the farmer, "I'm afraid of Duan. "How dare you talk about me!" Take punishment on your back, hit 20 with a big stick, struggle to death, and go to court. Qiu cried bitterly, "I hurt you!" " Is to wash your own water to remove blood, tear your clothes and get sores, inject good medicine with your own hands, feed the farmers all day, and then eat. I don't know if I sell the horse and pay for it.
Yin Shaorong, a military commander in Huaixi, is also an upright man. As soon as he entered the audience, he cursed: "Are you serious? Jingzhou is in the wilderness and the people starve to death; He will get grain, and he will hit innocent people with a big stick. Duke Duan, I am a benevolent adult, and you don't know respect. The only horse in this period of time sold you the city valley cheaply. You are shameless. Anyone who is proud of natural disasters, commits adult crimes, kills innocent people and takes the valley of the benevolent, so that his master has no horse, why should he enslave heaven and earth? Although Chen tried his best to resist, he was too ashamed to even eat when he heard about it. He only said, "I can't see Duan Gong after all! "One night, I hated myself.
Qiu took Jingzhou's agricultural levy to warn his family: "If you cross the gap, the tyrants will get lucky and make money, so be careful not to accept it." Also, Bagu Daling has 300 horses. Wei Yan, son-in-law of Qiu, refused and died. When he arrived in Beijing, Qiu said angrily, "If you don't need me!" Hu Xie said, "You can't refuse to be humble." Qiu said: "However, this is not my first." Treat it as a farm to manage affairs and live on the beam. If you rebel, Qiu Wei will end, officials will sue you and take care of you, so keep it sealed.
Qiu's anecdotes are specious. On the first day of Yuan Dynasty and September, Liu Zongyuan, a foreign official of Yongzhou Sima, went to the History Museum.
Today, people who call it the Autumn Festival go in and out, thinking that Wulin people are too eager to die for a while and become famous in the world. I don't know what autumn represents. Zongyuan tried to get in and out of qi zhou, went north to Maling, set up a pavilion to defend the fort, and secretly asked the old school to withdraw, so as to speak freely. Qiu is a man, who often walks with his head down and his hands down. He is humble and cowardly and never treats people with color. People regard it as Confucianism. It's no accident that if you can't reach your goal, you will. Cui Gong, the secretariat of Huizhou Prefecture, came to me, and his words and deeds were correct. He was prepared for Qiu's legacy. Undoubtedly, he was afraid of falling into exile and didn't gather the family members of a surname before he dared to settle the affair with the deacon. Sincerely.
When Qiu was appointed as the secretariat of Jingzhou, Guo Ziyi, the king of Fenyang, was appointed as the deputy governor in Zhou Pu. Guo, the son of King Fenyang, became Shangshu, acting as the commander of the military camp, and stationed in Yizhou, allowing the foot soldiers to run amok. Those lazy, greedy, malicious and evil people in Yizhou pay bribes with property and join the army under different names, so they can run amok. Officials cannot interfere. They extort money in droves in the market every day. If they are not satisfied, they will try their best to break people's hands and feet, smash pots and pans, pots and pans, throw them all over the floor, walk away with bare arms, and even kill pregnant women. When we were in Taining, Bai Xiaode was afraid to say anything because of Guo Ziyi, the king of Fenyang. Qiu informed the yamen of our province with official documents from Jingzhou, hoping to discuss the matter. When we arrived at our yamen, we said to Bai Xiaode, "The emperor left the people in your hands. You see that the people are hurt by thugs, but they still feel at ease, and there will be chaos. What should I do? " Bai Xiaode said, "I am willing to listen to your advice." Qiu Yue said, "Someone has been appointed as the secretariat of Jingzhou. I am very idle, and there is not much to do. Now I can't bear to let the people be killed instead of being harassed by the enemy to disturb the border defense of the emperor. If you appoint me as viceroy, I can stop the riots for you and protect your people from infringement. " Bai Xiaode said, "Good." According to Qiu's request, he was appointed as a captain. Qiu temporarily waited in Beijing for a month. Seventeen soldiers under Guo went into the city to get wine, stabbed the brewer to death with a knife, broke the brewing utensils, and the wine flowed into the ditch. Qiu arranged for the soldiers to arrest the seventeen men, cut off their heads, hung them on spears and erected them outside the city gate. Guo's whole battalion made a lot of noise, so all of them put on their armor. Bai Xiaode was stunned and panicked. Calling Qiu, he said, "What about you? Qiu replied: "Never mind, please let me go to the military camp to persuade." Bai Xiaode sent dozens of people to follow Qiu, but he sent them away. Taking off his sabre, he picked an old lame horse and came to Guo Zhai. The soldiers in the camp rushed out, and Qiu smiled and went in, saying, "If an old soldier is killed, why should he be armed to the teeth? "I came with my head against my head." The heavily armed soldiers were surprised. Qiu Kaidao said to them, "Didn't Guo Shangshu treat you badly? Did the deputy treat you badly? Why do you want to ruin the reputation of the Guo family by fooling around? Tell Guo Shangshu to come out and listen to me. When Guo went out to see Qiu Wei, Qiu Wei said, "The achievements of the deputy governors are all over the sky, and they should be completed from beginning to end. Now, you allow soldiers to be violent outside the law, and violence will lead to chaos. Who is to blame for making trouble around the son of heaven? Sin will implicate the deputy. Now, the wicked in Zhai pay bribes with property, join the army under different names and kill people. If this situation is not stopped, how many days will it not cause chaos? The chaos comes from your army, and people will say that you rely on the deputy marshal, regardless of the soldiers. In this way, how much will Guo Can's reputation be preserved? Before the words were finished, Guo thanked him again and again and said, "I am very lucky to get your teachings, and I am very grateful. I am willing to lead the whole army to obey your orders. " "Turn around and scold his soldiers:" Take off your armor, disband and return to the team, and dare to be executed again! Qiu said, "I haven't eaten yet. Please prepare some inferior food for me. After dinner, Qiu said, "I have a relapse, and I want you to let me stay under the military gate for one night." "Tell the driver to go back and come back tomorrow. So I slept in the barracks. Guo did not undress, and warned the guards in charge of guarding to work overtime to protect Qiu. The next morning, I went to Bai Xiaode's residence to apologize for my incompetence. Please allow me to correct my mistake. Since then, Yizhou has no disaster. Prior to this, Qiu was a captain in Jingzhou. Jiao Qiang, the general of Jingzhou, took private land for himself and rented it to farmers for farming, saying, "When the millet is ripe, half of it belongs to me. The drought is severe this year, and nothing grows in the fields. The farmers told Jiao about the drought. Jiao said, "I only know the number of millet, not the drought." Be forced even tighter. The farmer was starving and unable to repay, so he reported to Qiu. Qiu wrote a verdict, and the language was very modest. He sent someone to persuade Jiao to intercede for the peasants. Jiao Da was angry and called to the farmer, "I'm afraid of it?" How dare you talk about me! Put the verdict on the farmer's back and beat him with a big stick for twenty sticks. The farmer was dying and carried him to the courtyard of Taiwei yamen. Qiu cried and said, "I hurt you." Immediately take water to wash away the dirty blood from the farmer, tear your own clothes or the farmer's clothes, bind up the farmer's wounds, apply the medicine by yourself, and feed it to the farmer personally in the morning and evening. Sell your mount, buy millet to pay the rent to the farmer, and don't let the farmer know. Yin Shaorong, a military commander who lives in Huaixi Town, Jingzhou, is a strong and upright person. When I arrived at Jiao Lingchan's residence, I saw Jiao Lingchan swearing: "Are you really human? The fields in Jingzhou are like Songka, and people are starving to death. But you must get the rent and beat the innocent with a big stick. Duan Gong is a kind and honest man, but you don't know how to respect him. Now Duan Gong's only horse was sold at a low price to buy millet and sent to your home. You accepted it shamelessly. In a word, you are a man who ignores natural disasters, offends elders, attacks innocents, and lets Mr. Duan ride in and out with the millet of the righteous. What makes you face the world and deserve to be a slave? " Although I was angry and arrogant, I was deeply ashamed and sweaty after hearing what Yin Shaorong said, "I can't see Duan Gong again after all! "One night, he died of anger. When Tai Wei was recruited as the Minister of Agriculture from Jingyuan, (Duan Taiwei) warned his family: "When passing through qi zhou, if Zhu Ba gives money, don't accept it. "When we passed by, Zhu insisted on giving three hundred big silk horses. Qiu's son-in-law resolutely refused and could not refuse. When he arrived in Kyoto, Qiu lost his temper and said, "You really didn't listen to me. Wei Wu said, "In a humble position, there is no way to refuse." Qiu said, "But, in any case, you can't leave the big order at my house in the end." Send Dasi to the General's House of Sinong Temple and put it on the beam. After the rebellion, Qiu was killed, and officials told him about "sitting on the beam". Zhu Qiu asked someone to take off the big silk to see if the mark on the original seal was still preserved. The above is Qiu's anecdote. One day in the ninth year of Yuanhe, Liu Zongyuan, an external colleague of Yongzhou Sima, respectfully presented this article to the History Museum. Today's praise for Qiu Da's sacrifice is nothing more than a moment of despair of the warrior, who does not want to die, so as to make a name for himself. He doesn't know that Taiwei is not like this. I once walked between Qiong, Zhou, Yi and Yi. After calming down, I went north to Maling and experienced the fortress post station in Tinggang. In private, I like to ask the old military academy and retired foot soldiers what they could say at that time. Qiu is a pleasant person. He often walks with his head down and his hands down. His tone of voice is modest and gentle, and he has never damaged other people's faces. People see him as a scholar. When you meet something you can't agree with, you must realize your own ideas, not occasionally. Cui Gong, the secretariat of Yongzhou, came, telling the truth and doing righteousness, and obtained Qiu's legacy in detail. There is no doubt about it. I'm afraid some facts are still missing and not concentrated in the hands of historians. I dare to send you this statement in private. Write down this anecdote solemnly.
Note (1) Taiwei: refers to Duan Taiwei (7 19—783), whose name is beautiful and real. Tang Zhiyang (now Qianyang County, Shaanxi Province) was born. Official to Jingzhou secretariat and Jingyuan our ambassador Qin Shihuang. In 783 A.D. (four years after Tang Dezong established its capital), Jingyuan soldiers defected in Beijing and fled hastily, and the former Lulong became the emperor of Juba. At that time, when Duan Taiwei was in North Korea, he denounced him as a mad thief and was killed, and he was given a posthumous gift to him in Zhu's denomination (see the book Biography of Two Tang Dynasties). In the old days, it was a style to write down the lineage, name, rank, governance and life span of the deceased in detail. Anecdotal form is a variant of form, recording anecdotes of characters. In 764 (the second year of Guangde, Tang Zong), Duan was appointed as the secretariat of Jingzhou (now north of Jingchuan County, Gansu Province) on the recommendation of Chinese Ambassador to Fujian Bai Xiaode. Here, Duan is called his posthumous title to show respect. (2) Fenyang King: Guo Ziyi. Guo Ziyi made great contributions to pacify the Anshi Rebellion and became king in 762 (the first year of Baoying, Tang Suzong). In the first month of 764 (the second year of Guangde in Tang Zong), Guo Ziyi served as deputy governor in Shanhaiguan and Hedong, observing the river and leaving the town river. Pu: the name of the state, the Tang Dynasty was the house in the river (now Yongji County, Shanxi Province). (3) Crown Prince Sentence: Guo, the third son of King Fenyang, followed his father's conquest and repeatedly made meritorious military service. In 764 AD, Tubo invaded the frontier, and Guo was ordered to lead the northern army to support Yizhou. Later, he was appointed as an imperial envoy and transferred to the imperial doctor, and was posthumously awarded as the minister of Dali Ministry of War. Hu Sansheng's note in "Learning from Our Fathers": "According to records, the official position at that time was Zuo Shizhong and Zongyuan Shang Yunshu, which was also a mistake. (4) collar: concurrently. Our ambassador: Mainly responsible for military affairs. It was established in the Kaiyuan period of the Tang Dynasty (7 13-74 1), with the original intention of increasing the power of the Duchayuan. After the Anshi rebellion, it became more and more rampant. (5) Garrison: Garrison outside the jurisdiction. Zhai (bρn) Prefecture: refers to Zhai County in Shaanxi Province today. (6) Rogue: This refers to violence. (7) Articles: property, here refers to bribery. (8) cut: understand "promise", be satisfied and gratified. (9) kettle: kettle. Li: A cooker like a tripod. Weng: Pottery for holding wine. Ang: a container with a big belly and a small mouth. (10) Bai Xiaode: A native of Anxi (now Kuche County, Xinjiang), Li Guangbi was appointed as China's ambassador in 764 (the second year of Guangde). (1 1) Form: a document stating the facts. Bai: Sir. (12) stranger: stranger, common people. Rb: Governance. In the Tang Dynasty, in order to avoid the taboo of Li Shimin and Li Zhi, it was changed again. (13) Du: Military law enforcement personnel. (14) Bi: Lame. Worm: a person who can't move his legs and feet. (15) Yi (Ji): tube bundle. No soldiers: soldiers out of control. (16) Eat (bū): Dinner. At the time of application, from 3 pm to 5 pm. Hypothesis: borrowing. Grass tools: poor food. (17) Tuo: Bangzi used for night patrol in ancient times. (18) Taiwei's sentence: When Bai Xiaode was first appointed as our ambassador in Yongning, Duan was appointed as the assistant ambassador in charge of agriculture. Tang system: each army has more than 10,000 people, who set up assistants to plow the fields and take charge of military reclamation. (19) Xun (Xun): "Xun", euphemistic and humble. (20) Huaixi: Xuchang and Xinyang in Henan Province today. (2 1) Yeruzhe (zhě): Describe the land * * *, nothing grows. Ochre: reddish brown. (22) and Taiwei sentence: In February 780 (the first year of Jianzhong), Duan was called Si Nongqing from Jingyuan. Sinong Qing is the general manager of Sinong Temple, in charge of the national grain storage and use. (23) Ambiguous: State name, located in the south of Fengxiang County, Shaanxi Province. (24) Zhu Ba (cǐ): a native of Changping (now Changping County, Beijing). He is the magistrate of Fengxiang. Currency: articles and coins. (25) chi: mark. (26) "Taiwei" sentence: This is the end of the article. (27) Yuanhe Nine Years: AD 8 14 years. Yuanhe is the year number of Tang Xianzong Chunli (806-820). (28) Yongzhou sentence: At that time, Liu Zongyuan was appointed as Sima in Yongzhou (now Lingling County, Hunan Province), which was the full name of his official position. Museum of History: National Historical Revision Agency. (29) Visit: Generally speaking, nothing more than. (30) Sentence of Zongyuan: In 794 (the tenth year of Zhenyuan), Liu Zongyuan traveled around Yizhou. Zhou: In Shaanxi Province, at the foot of Qishan. Tai: Tongtai is in the west of Wugong County, Shaanxi Province. (3 1) Authenticity: it can't be tested, or it is a mistake of "Zhenning". Zhenning is now Zhengning County, Gansu Province. (32) Maling: The mountain name is in the northwest of Qingyang County, Gansu Province. (33) School: junior officers. (34) you (xǔ) you: kind. (35) color: face. Object: This refers to people. (36) Deacon: I am influenced by others, which refers to the historian Han Yu.
Duan Taiwei's anecdotal knowledge of classical Chinese is different from ancient times to modern times. The soldier of fortune and scoundrel are ancient: violent today: an idle person with bad conduct is famous all over the world. Ancient times: money goods today: when it comes to arrival, please assume that Caogu: fake, borrowed. Set, place, arrange. Today: Let's just say that Duan Gong, a benevolent adult, is ancient: refers to the elderly today: refers to adults who hate the ancient all night: ashamed of today: blaming Juba for wealth: wealth today: wealth breaks hands and feet. Ancient meaning: refers to hands and feet. Modern meaning: metaphor for brothers, or action, action. The son of heaven does justice to strangers. Ancient meaning: 1 "people of birth", taboo Taizong, refers to ordinary people. 2 monosyllabic words are used together. Modern meaning: 1 stranger. 2 refers to the truth recognized by most people in society.
(1) common word 1. Don't bang, don't hit hard. Qie (Qi) means "meaning", satisfaction and pleasure. 2. The vertebral pot is on Yingying Road. Vertebra, through the mallet, smash, smash. 3. Qiu's judgment is embarrassing. Xun, knowing Xun, is humble. 4. In and out of the neighborhood. Yi, tong "Taihe", now Shaanxi Wuren.
(2) Flexible use of parts of speech 1. Stab the wine Weng and the bad brewer with a blade. Bad: cause to use, make ... bad. The first battalion made a lot of noise. A: Nouns are verbs. Put on your armor. 3. I trapped you. Dilemma: To put ... in a difficult position. 4. if you can't reach it, you will achieve your goal. Da: Use verbs to express it. 5. Cracked clothes and wounds. Clothes: nouns are used as verbs and wrapped in clothes. 6. Why do you want to hit Guo with chaos? Use, corrupt. 7. Violence and chaos. Confusion: Adjectives as verbs, confusion. 8. Come to court. Yu: Nouns are used as verbs. 9. Autumn went from state affairs to the White House. Bai: Adjectives are spoken as verbs.
(3) Ellipsis, judgment 1. Prince Xi is a senior minister, leading the camp in our time, integrating the army in Zhangzhou, and his foot soldiers are rogues. 2. Take agriculture as a lesson and live in beams and trees. 3. Duan Gong, Ren Xin is also an adult.
(4) adverbial postposition 1. Please resign from the army.
(5) Preposition object sentence 1. Who wants to blame?
(6) The attributive postposition sentence 1. I steal violent and evil things. Steal people who are addicted to violence.
(7) Polysemous word 1. Form (1) from state to White House. A tool for stating facts. (2) Qiu's judgment was embarrassing. Judge. (3) Dare to be private to deacons. Anecdote. 2.( 1) But what is the geometry of Guo's fame and existence? Modal words, strengthen rhetorical tone. (2) The official asked him to show him around, so his seal was preserved. Pronouns, its. 3. Note (1) Qiu Liezu took 17 people, all of whom were beheaded. Attached. (2) that is, wash yourself with water to remove blood, split clothes and sores, and inject good medicine by hand. Apply. 4.A (1) made a big noise in the first battalion. Put on your armor. (2) Complete disarmament. Armor. 5. Resignation (1) is harmless. Please resign from the army. Give a speech. (2) Filial piety made dozens of people resign from Qiu and Qiu. Quit. (3) Qiu's judgment was embarrassing. Words. 6. Take (1) Fenyang Wang, deputy marshal Jupu. Preposition, by. (2) Bai Xiaode dare not speak because of the king's death. Preposition, reason. (3) The son of heaven avenges outsiders. Preposition, ba. (4) stab the wine Weng with a blade. Verb, use. 7. Shame (1) is still a slave. Sorry, get out of the way. However, it would be a pity to hear it. Shame, shape. 8. Xin (1) Ren Xin is also an adult. Be loyal. (2) Correct words and deeds. It's true. 9. Sergeant from seventeen cities (1) went to the market to get wine. Market, noun. (2) Urban valley compensation. Buy, verb. 10. Real (1) Shangshu is negative. No, adverb. (2) Get 300 Daling horses. Resolute, persistent, adjective. 1 1. Please (1) resign from the military. Please let me. (2) Please correct it. Request. Wash the farmer's blood with water, tear his own clothes or the farmer's clothes, bandage the farmer's wounds, apply the medicine by hand, and feed it to the farmer himself in the morning and evening. Sell your mount, buy millet to pay the rent to the farmer, and don't let the farmer know.
The full text of Duan Taiwei's anecdote analysis creates the image of this honest official in many ways through three anecdotes: Duan Yong served Guo and Ren Kuijiao ordered him to pay tribute, which shows an excellent figure in the old society who cares about the people, is not afraid of * * *, can know the timing in advance and is careful with money. The full text can be divided into four paragraphs:
The first paragraph is the first major event: bravely serving Guo. The author wrote Duan's fierce ambition, self-recommendation, and camp words in turn, and asked him to stay in the camp, highlighting Duan's character of being soft outside and firm inside. The cause of the incident was that Guo killed the people and did whatever he wanted. First of all, the author describes the ambition of foot soldiers in detail: every day, they force their property in the market in droves. If they are not satisfied, they will break people's hands and feet, smash all kinds of pottery, hold their arms and leave until the pregnant woman is killed. Write down the atrocities as if they were right in front of you. Then the author points out the crux of why foot soldiers dare to do whatever they want. Because of Guo Ziyi, the king of Fenyang, Bai Xiaode was just sad but didn't dare to explain. Then, the author wrote a paragraph recommending himself as the capital, showing his bravery. Soon, when Guo's 17 foot soldiers became rampant again, Duan decisively sent soldiers to catch them, beheaded them one by one, put their heads on spears and erected them in the market. The verbs "Zhu" and "Zhi" here highlight the use of the paragraph. This is a brave article. Duan did harm to the people, which made them happy. However, Guo's foot soldiers refused to give up and immediately put on armor, and the incident entered * * *. At this time, Bai Xiaode was shocked, but Duan was as cool as a cucumber and fearless, and decided to make a statement. The author wrote that Guo's soldiers were nervous and nervous, which set off Duan's great wisdom and courage. Duan appeared without guards or swords, which surprised Guo's foot soldiers. Duan knows that to subdue Guo, force alone is not enough, only reason. So, he resigned from the bodyguard, took off his sword, and chose a lame old man to lead the horse, psychologically eliminating the other side's guard. The moral of the author's narrative is that Duan is not afraid of death. His simple and strong personality is fully reflected here. At this point, the initiative of Duan has been gradually mastered. He made a generous statement to Guo, pointed out the stakes, and finally persuaded the other side. This is the second person who wrote brave. At this point, the incident seems to have ended, but the author unexpectedly wrote a paragraph about Duan's request to stay in the military camp. The reason why I want to write this story is because Duan told Guo about his righteousness and interests, which convinced Guo and made him apologize again. Gu Chizu said, "All the soldiers are dismissed and returned to the fire. Those who dare to wow will die!" "Guo is determined to restrain his subordinates, and Duan needs to find out. Staying in the military camp not only shows Duan's magnanimous mind, but also tests Guo's sincerity and determination to turn over a new leaf. This is the courage to write three things.
The second paragraph is the second event: benevolence and shame. Duan not only won the other side with courage, but also showed kindness and love for the people. This anecdote tells that he sympathized with, rescued and appeased a farmer who was beaten because he could not pay the rent. Through a series of actions, Duan showed his sympathy for farmers. Writing the ending of this incident, the author let a third party Huai Shuai Yin Shaorong appear. He denounced Jiao's disrespect and impudence, and set off Duan's kindness and love for the people from the side.
The third paragraph is the third event: Xie Xianzhi Office. Duan not only has the noble quality of not being afraid of * * * and loving the people like a son, but also has integrity. The author wrote an insight into his heart, refused to accept the gift, and praised his integrity through the anecdote of the beam where the gift lived. This anecdote, as a supplement to Duan's act of hitting Zhu with water, shows that his integrity is not only manifested in big places, but also in small places, and his characters are even more radiant. Although the names of the time and place of the above three anecdotes are different and unrelated, they are interlinked in spirit. From the author's objective narration, people feel deep praise.
The fourth paragraph explains the time, reason and material source of writing this article, so as to illustrate the content of anecdotes.
The writing characteristics of Duan Taiwei's anecdotes can be roughly divided into three points: first, the selection of materials is exquisite, and everything highlights one aspect of the protagonist's ideological character; The second is to create characters with personalized language actions, depict vivid images, and do not comment; Thirdly, flashback technique helps to highlight the theme and ingenious structure of the article.
The first is the careful selection of materials. The full text wrote three things about Duan, each of which showed a side of his ideological character. The first anecdote describes in detail that Duan volunteered to calm the chaos, went to the military camp alone, went into battle in the face of the chaotic army, bared his teeth, grasped the key points and persuaded Guo to take the initiative to stay in the military camp to deter the chaotic army. Every step highlights his "courage". The second thing shows Duan's thought and morality of caring for the people, and the third thing shows Duan's great political vision and praises his integrity. Three things, each with its own emphasis, can be linked together to completely outline Duan's ideological and moral character: courage, serving the people and being honest.
Liu Zongyuan did not comment in this article, but expressed Duan's thoughts and character with personalized speech acts. For example, the first thing shows his determination and courage to quell the chaotic army and appease the people. The second thing, Duan bravely broke into the barracks, and pointed out the crux of the problem in just a few words, which forced Guo and his men to kneel down and learn a lesson. These descriptions reflect Liu Zongyuan's artistic technique of shaping characters with personalized words and deeds. When describing the third thing, the thoughts and personalities of the characters are also expressed through their words and deeds. Duan dedicated his kindness to the farmers who were beaten for no reason. In a few strokes, the image of a gentleman with integrity, awe-inspiring, indignant and irrefutable is vividly on the paper.
According to the need of expressing the theme, this paper adopts flashback method. This article describes three anecdotes of Duan. If the structure is arranged according to the sequence of events, then the event of "benevolence and shame" ranks first, and "courage from Guo" ranks last. But the author intentionally reversed the order in his narration. In the last paragraph, the author pointed out his good intentions to refute the slander of Duan by some people with ulterior motives at that time. These people fabricated the rumor that "the martial man died in a hurry to be famous in the world" and belittled Duan's unyielding behavior. In order to emphasize that Duan's unyielding behavior at the end of his life was not impulsive, the author called him "it is no accident that he will achieve his goal when he meets the impossible." In addition, telling wonderful examples first is more attractive to readers.
Poetry: Duan Taiwei's Anecdotal Poems Author: Liu Zongyuan's poems in Tang Dynasty are divided into narrative, praise and writing.