-Appreciation of Su Shi's Philosophical Poems (1)
Wang chuanxue
Philosophical poetry is a poem that expresses the poet's philosophical views and reflects philosophical truth. This kind of poem is profound, implicit and meaningful, and it contains abstract philosophy in vivid artistic images. Vivid image, implicit language, truth contained in the image. Su Shi, a great poet in Song Dynasty, created many philosophical poems with his rich life experience, profound cultural background and wise ideological language.
In Su Shi's philosophical poems, some are the poet's experience of observing nature and understanding the world.
First, look at Su Shi's Xilin Wall Topic, which vividly illustrates the truth that "to know the truth and the whole picture of things, we must go beyond the narrow scope and get rid of subjective prejudice":
Looking at Lushan Mountain from the front and side of peaks and valleys, from far, near, high and low places, Lushan Mountain presents various faces.
I can't recognize the true face of Lushan Mountain because I am there.
? The title Xilin wall: written on the wall of sairinji. Sairinji is located at the northern foot of Lushan Mountain in Jiangxi Province.
When Su Shi was demoted from Huangzhou to Ruzhou as the deputy envoy of the Youth League Training, he passed through Jiujiang and visited Lushan Mountain. The magnificent landscape inspired jubilant thoughts, so I wrote some travel notes about Lushan Mountain. The title Xilinbi is a summary after visiting Lushan Mountain. It describes the various characteristics of Lushan Mountain, and points out that observation should be objective and comprehensive, and if it is subjective and one-sided, it will not draw a correct conclusion.
The first two sentences, "Looking at the mountain from the side is the peak, and the distance is different", are actually what you saw and heard when you visited the mountain. Lushan Mountain is a hilly and gully mountain with undulating peaks and valleys. Tourists are located in different places and see different scenery. These two sentences summarize and vividly write the various forms of Lushan Mountain.
The last two sentences, "I don't know the true face of Lushan Mountain, but I am only in this mountain", are the experience of reasoning on the spot and talking about traveling to the mountain. Why can't you identify the true face of Lushan Mountain? Because I am in the middle of Lushan Mountain, my vision is limited by the peaks of Lushan Mountain, and I only see one peak, one ridge, one hill and one valley of Lushan Mountain, which is one-sided and inevitably one-sided. This is what you see when you visit the mountains, and it is often the same when you observe things in the world. These two poems are rich in connotation and enlighten people to understand a philosophy of being human-because people are in different positions and have different starting points, their understanding of objective things is inevitably one-sided; To understand the truth and the whole picture, we must go beyond the narrow scope and get rid of subjective prejudice.
This is a philosophical poem by the richest man, but the poet does not talk about it abstractly, but talks about his unique feelings by hugging the mountain tightly. With the help of the image of Lushan Mountain, he expressed philosophy in simple terms in popular language, so he was kind and natural.
Su Shi's "Road flyover in the Tang Dynasty says that every thunder and lightning on Tianmu Mountain overlooks a thunderstorm but smells in the clouds" tells people that if you look at the same thing in different places, the result will be very different:
More famous outside, lightning is a god.
Mountains are only for babies. There are countless lost people in the world.
Tang Daoren, a Chinese character, once wrote the Record of the True Realm of Tianmu Mountain. Tianmu Mountain is in the northwest of Zhejiang Province. Cha, a poet in Qing Dynasty, quoted a cloud in the Annals of Lin 'an: "There is Raytheon House in Tianmu Mountain, in the middle of Xifeng."
Lost article: According to the Records of the Three Kingdoms Shu Huayang, Cao Cao once discussed the heroes of the world with Liu Bei. "Cao Cao calmly called his predecessor (referring to Liu Bei) and said,' The only heroes in the world today are your monarch and your lonely ear, and the original people (referring to Yuan Shao) were not enough.' If you eat first, you will lose your knife and chopsticks. ""At the right time in Lei Zhen, Cao Cao said,' Sage Cloud: Lightning will change. Good is good. ""chopsticks.
The meaning of the whole poem is: Taoist priests in the Tang Dynasty have eliminated floating names from their lives, so how can lightning be called Raytheon? Looking at the thunder and lightning on Tianmu Mountain, it sounded like a baby crying, but people at the foot of the mountain smelled it, but it was so big that even the chopsticks in their hands fell to the ground.
This poem tells the world a lot of connotations. From the perspective of natural science, different understandings of the same phenomenon can be obtained by changing orientation and viewpoint. From the perspective of social psychology, the same thing has different feelings because of different moods. The reason why people lose their minds when they hear thunder is because they are uneasy and compete with each other, so they are always moved by external things and can't get the freedom of their hearts. The poet created an image of "more famous than the outside" standing on Tianmu Mountain. Because of his "normal heart", he can "look at the mountains only for babies" and face them with a detached attitude, so he has affinity with nature, that is, no points. In other words, people who lose weight successfully are in an "isolated" state. Of course, from the perspective of the poem itself, the two people being compared are in different positions, that is, not in the same natural space, but what the poet wants to emphasize is the difference in psychological endurance. So ignoring the details and putting pen to paper with great fanfare has become a wonderful metaphor for the realm of life.
Su Shi's "Qin Poetry", from the wonderful sound of the piano, realized the truth that things are interrelated:
If the piano is hair, why don't you put it in the box? ?
If the sound of the piano comes from your hands, why can't you hear it? ?
Wonderful music is an organic whole, which is composed of several parts and elements that influence and restrict each other. In music and piano sound, fingers, piano, players' thoughts and feelings, playing skills and other parts and elements are interdependent and indispensable. They influence and restrict each other and have a close relationship. According to materialist dialectics, the fundamental content of universal connection is the connection between the parties to the internal contradictions of things and between things. So what this poem reveals is the contradictory relationship between piano, fingers and piano sound. If the players are included, then the relationship between the players' thoughts, feelings and skills and the piano and fingers can be regarded as the relationship between the internal contradictions (internal causes) and external contradictions (external causes) of things. The former is the basis of music production, and the latter is the condition of music production, both of which are indispensable.