Teaching purpose 1. Taste the beautiful scenery of Huangshan Mountain outlined by this paper in a unique way, and clarify the methods and applications of front description and side description.
2. Appreciate the poetic language and rich association and imagination of this article.
3. Cultivate students' feelings of loving the great rivers and mountains of the motherland and understand the theme that only those who dare to climb and explore can conquer and create nature.
Teaching emphasis 1. Show the characteristics of Huangshan Mountain through descriptions from different angles.
2, combined with a variety of forms of expression, scattered but not scattered.
Teaching difficulties can accurately refine the main idea of the article and clarify the relationship between the contents of each part.
Teaching method appreciation method comparative analysis method teaching class 4 hours.
first kind
Introduction: Show the pictures of Huangshan Mountain and the poem "Don't look at the mountains when the Five Mountains return, and don't look at the mountains when Huangshan returns" to introduce Huangshan Mountain:
Huangshan, formerly known as yο Mountain, was renamed Huangshan in the Tang Dynasty (according to legend, the Yellow Emperor Xuanyuan once cultivated himself in this mountain, hence the name Huangshan). Among Shexian, Taiping, Xiuning and Yixian, it is one of the most famous scenic spots in China. Here, the peaks are split into skyscrapers, and the clouds are light and the weather is myriad; Pine trees are vigorous and strong, resolute and tall; Clouds of smoke are misty and undulating like the sea; The ingenious stones are scattered all over the floor, lifelike; Hot springs spew out all year round, colorless and tasteless, and can be drunk and bathed. Strange pines, strange rocks, sea of clouds and hot springs are called "four wonders of Huangshan Mountain". It has the majesty of Daishan Mountain, the preciseness of Huashan Mountain, the fog of Heng Yue, the waterfall of Kuanglu, the strange rocks of geese and the coolness of Emei Mountain. No wonder Xu Hongzu praised it as "the Five Mountains return without looking at the mountains, and the Huangshan Mountain returns without looking at the mountains".
Literati and writers of all ages have visited here, leaving many famous articles. Today, the story of Huangshan Mountain is unique.
Second, the author profile:
Xu Chi (19 14 ~ 1996) was born in Tianxing, Zhejiang. Modern poet and reportage writer. Originally named Xu. His early works include a collection of poems "A Man of Twenty" and a collection of essays "Beautiful Prose Collection". After liberation, there were feature collections People of Our Times and Celebration Banquet, and reportage collection Goldbach Conjecture written by 1978, which were generous gifts to the National Science Conference.
Third, read the full text and master the new words.
Word: bitter: bitter. Anhui: another name for Anhui. Fold (crease): crease.
Mean: I care too much to take out my own (things). Hey (qi incarnation): dry food. Load (overloading and floating): again.
Excellent: excellent, above average. Excellence: beyond everything, to the extreme. Narrow (zè): narrow. Strangeness: strangeness.
Fourthly, referring to the reading tips, discuss and summarize the main contents of each part of the writing. (main idea)
The first part: nature carefully arranges Huangshan scenic spots (introduces the general situation of Huangshan); The second part: Review the history of ancient human climbing Huangshan Mountain;
The third part: tell the process from hot spring hotel to Tiandufeng; Part IV: Wonders seen on the top of Tiandu Peak.
Verb (abbreviation for verb) Summarize and assign homework:
1. Read the first three parts carefully and think about why the author writes like this. (Compared with after-class exercises 1
2. Why does the author write the climbing history of Huangshan Mountain, what is his intention, and find out the key sentences.
Second lesson
First, review the main content of the questioning text.
Second, learn the first three parts.
(1) After reading the first part, think about the following questions.
1. Why does the author use anthropomorphic methods to describe how it arranges Huangshan Mountain with nature as the master?
2. How to describe the "sea of clouds"?
3. Find out the words written in this part and summarize the characteristics of Huangshan in one word.
4. The author writes about nature's "reward" to Huangshan Mountain, and lists the unique clouds, pines, happy birds, ganoderma lucidum, meat cheese and body light of Huangshan Mountain, thus highlighting the _ _ _ _ of Huangshan Mountain scenery.
Tip: This arrangement is better than introducing yourself. First of all, self-introduction is broad, and writing with nature as the protagonist is unique, giving readers a refreshing feeling. Secondly, this writing can highlight that Huangshan Mountain is really a fairyland on earth and is arranged by nature. Third, it is convenient to write all the desperate situations and nuances of Huangshan Mountain with condescending momentum and concise brushwork.
Cleared: 1. In the way of profile description, the sea of clouds is set off by peaks, which vividly shows the most unique scenery of the sea of clouds-the unpredictable and fascinating characteristics of Huangshan Mountain.
2. "The peak is close to the deep valley; Youtan is close to Tianzhu ","the wind is high and the bones are strong ","there are cliffs everywhere, and there is nothing to rely on ". The characteristic is "risk".
3. Fill in the word "odd". You can see such words as "opening its cloud library", "specially entrusting Fengshen to bring precious pine tree species", "composing endless wonders", "magic", "rare", "highest efficacy", "extra reward" and "extremely rare".
(2) The second part describes the history of ancient people climbing Huangshan Mountain, and discusses the following issues.
1. It is a "legend" to write that the Yellow Emperor is soaring here, which is obviously different from the poems of Li Bai and others. Why do you choose the material of Legend? 2. What is the role of Li Bai and others in writing poems and essays?
3. What is the relationship between this part and the full-text center? 4. What is the connection between this part and other parts?
Qing: 1, adding the mysterious color of Huangshan and making it look more attractive. 2. It shows the precipitousness of Huangshan Mountain and the difficulty of climbing, and enriches the content of the article. Looking back on this passage for thousands of years, only a few people like Li Bai have been able to climb it, and the rest can only return on impulse and disappointment, which lays the foundation for the following praise of our times and people. 4. Inheriting the "danger" of the first part of Huangshan scenery is the concrete embodiment of nature's intention of "refusing to give the scenery to human beings casually" and "closing the mountain". It is also compared with the reality of the third part, "the scenic spot has become a park, and the rescue has come to life." It can be seen that this part makes the structure of the article ups and downs, but the appearance is broken.
(3) How does the third part highlight the center of the article?
(1) comparison: compare the stone steps of the predecessors climbing the dangerous peak with the wide stone steps of the current iron railing; By comparing the feelings and experiences of ancient travelers with our "straight, straight, straight" and "not trembling",
(2) The details are handled properly, such as "After crossing Lima Pavilion and Longpanpo, you will see Tiandu Peak standing in front of Banshan Temple"; "The ancients could not go to the most dangerous places, such as crucian carp back, Yan Wangpo, careful wall and so on"; "Look, Tiandufeng, Lianhuafeng, Yuping Peak, Lianhuafeng, Guangmingding and Lion Forest are all beautiful places in the park." Describe the climbing of Tiandu Peak in detail, and the rest are briefly written, with outstanding emphasis.
(3) Narration is combined with discussion, and narration is the basis of discussion. It is about the risk of Tiandufeng, but it is saved today, which is the credit of masons, so it leads to the discussion, "Our country, this era, is exactly like this, the happiness that belongs to a few people already belongs to most people. Although some people have opened mountains and built roads here in the past, only this era has opened mountains and built roads. "
Third, assign homework: learn the fourth part and finish the second and fourth questions after class.
The third category
First of all, review the contents of the previous section, especially grasp the role of the third part in revealing the main idea of the article.
Second, analyze the fourth part.
(A) control to complete after-school exercise 2
(2) The fourth part inherits the "wonder" of Huangshan landscape in the first part. Where is "Qi"?
Clarity: the strangeness lies in the "uncertainty of change". The sea of clouds drifts, the scenery changes rapidly, the peaks appear and disappear, the sun rises suddenly, and it rains cats and dogs. From rainbow to magical body light, it describes the danger and strangeness of Huangshan Mountain, which has a sense of mystery. Another example is to write pine trees, "Looking down from the top of the mountain, they are like moss and covered with rocks; Looking up from the mountainside, they are like daughters in the sky, slim and elegant. Fold along the rock wall, one by one will come out, the tulle is light and the exposed figure dances. " "Before Paiyunge, it was like a busy port ... how I wanted to sail from here. But there are many rocks and the waves are so sinister ... "These metaphors show the strangeness of the scenery to the fullest.
(3) This paper describes how to capture the ever-changing light and shadow when the sunrise is spectacular and describe it vividly. What are the characteristics compared with other related sunrise landscape descriptions? (Control Exercise 4)
(1) The description of the sunrise in Huangshan highlights the ever-changing light and shadow. Write Xia Guang's "purple, blue and green"; Write the "red" and "fresh" of the first light; Write the "rosy clouds" when the fireball flies; Wrote the "magnificence" of hundreds of beams; Write about the "strange light" when the glazed treasure lamp is hung high, such as "fireworks".
When describing this paragraph, use metaphors and vivid images, and the language is vigorous and unrestrained.
(2) When Xu Xiake writes about the sunrise, he focuses on the sea of clouds and sets off the beauty of the sunrise with the sea of clouds. Grasp the change of light and color, and write the story of sunrise simply and vividly.
(3) Heine's description focuses not only on the sea of clouds, but also on subjective feelings, setting off the beauty of sunrise.
Third, class test, review. (If there is not enough time, leave it to practice after class)
1. The Story of Huangshan is selected from The Book of Huangshan, and it is a work of conception. The full text is divided into four parts, and the four parts are written in paragraphs:
First, I ...
Secondly.
Third.
Fourth.
2. Fill in the blanks: the geographical location of Huangshan Mountain: the causes. Scope: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ This introduction highlights a word "_ _ _ _ _".
3. The second paragraph explains the wonder of Huangshan Mountain from several aspects. How does the third natural section highlight the "danger" of Huangshan again? The article regards nature as "unwilling to give the scenery to human beings casually." "As a knot, it closed the mountain have what effect?
4. The second part writes that for thousands of years, human beings rarely climb the top of Huangshan Mountain. What is the function of this narrative?
5. Read the third part and fill in the following table according to the climbing experience:
Spring Hotel
Heavenly Capital Peak
6. The article is about mountaineering. Why do you write ancient mountaineering methods everywhere? What is the purpose of writing like this and discussing the lyrics below?
7. In the lyrical paragraph in the third part, which sentence is the theme of the article?
8. The fourth part is about the sea of clouds, pine trees, sunrises, body shots and other wonders, mainly the sea of clouds. There are places where I concentrate on writing, and sometimes I write in other landscapes. What words are the most expressive when the author writes about the sea of clouds? How does the author describe the various forms of the sea of clouds under the action of wind? What other sentences directly describe the sea of clouds in the future?
9. Write about the wonders of Huangshan Mountain and highlight the characteristics of _ _ _ _ in the sea of clouds. First put it in the state of _ _ _ _ and write about its vigor and color. Its root _ _ _ _ means its _ _ _ _; Use _ _ _ _ to compare the canopy and _ _ _ to compare the posture in the wind. Then the author changes the angle of observation and writes in many ways. From the summit _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _; From the mountainside _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _; Dance lightly! How strange this pine tree should be!
10. The author's description of the rainbow after the rain is really wonderful and beautiful. It seems that the author can climb the ladder from the foot of Changhong. Writing "Bao Guang" and "Suddenly Born" at this ecstatic moment gives people a strange feeling. What exactly is body light? Can you sum it up in one or two sentences? ______。
Reference answer:
1. Xu Chi's prose collection is unique. First, praise the lofty Excellence of nature from the layout of Huangshan scenic spots.
Second, review the history of people climbing Huangshan Mountain for thousands of years. Third, record the process of the author and his party climbing Tiandu Peak.
4. 1. Write about the sea of clouds, pine trees, sunrise, body light and other wonders. 2. The area around volcanic eruption in southern Anhui mountainous area1more than 200 square kilometers. 3. The sea of clouds, plants, birds and animals, springs and body light add magical colors to the cliffs everywhere.
4. Try to set off a word "danger". Hot spring hotel herringbone waterfall Lima pavilion Longpanpo Banshan Temple crucian carp back Yan Wangpo careful wall Tiandufeng
6. The article compares today's mountaineering road with that of ancient people everywhere, and emphasizes that today's mountaineering road has "saved the day", which is the basis of the lyrical discussion below. 7. "This is our country and this era. The happiness that belongs to a few people already belongs to most people. "
8. Soaring, flying and changing rapidly, clouds are scattered or gathered, and peaks are swaying; It was raining cats and dogs just now, and it was foggy. In less than one thousandth of a second, it all dispersed. The sea of clouds rolled and hit the cliff bank in front of the hotel, engulfing the peaks, some became islands, and some swam in the snow waves. The snow waves are surging, vast and boundless, surrounded by thick clouds, and boundless.
9. Dissolve in and out. The wind roared into the rocks. The wings of the solid canopy fly down like moss, and the rock looks down like a graceful girl, while the slim tulle and light silk show the figure.
10. After the rain clears, the sunlight refracts through the clouds, forming a natural wonder.
the fourth lesson
First, the dialing operation.
Second, in-depth exploration.
(1) Question:
1. As a travel article, this article is really original in conception. What's the difference between this article and ordinary travel notes in writing?
2. What did you write in each of the four parts of the text? Is there a connection between them? How to contact?
3. The second and third parts are about mountaineering. What does it have to do with the expression of the characteristics and theme of Huangshan Mountain?
4. What are the writing characteristics of this article?
(2) Difficult discussion:
1. Clear: First, the beginning is extraordinary. Different from ordinary travel notes, this article starts from climbing mountains, but condescending, and is magnificent from the perspective of how nature arranges the scenic spots of Huangshan Mountain. After introducing the general situation of Huangshan Mountain, I wrote the history of people climbing Huangshan Mountain for thousands of years. Few people have been able to climb the top of Huangshan Mountain for thousands of years, which set off the word "danger". Writing these two paragraphs before the trip is the author's original creation. The first part, as the general introduction of the full text, secretly wrote the words "danger" and "strangeness"; The second and third parts mainly focus on the word "danger", forming a trend of coexistence of reality and reality in ancient and modern times. The first and second parts can guide readers to know Huangshan Mountain from the macro level of cosmic changes and human development, which can increase the majestic characteristics and profound ideological significance of this article.
Secondly, when the author wrote the story of the mountain, he broke through the general writing method from near to far or from bottom to top. The author chose several landscapes that can best highlight the characteristics of Huangshan Mountain.
2. Analysis: "One" imagines how nature creates and forms the scenic spots of Huangshan Mountain, essentially introduces the characteristics of Huangshan Mountain scenery: sea of clouds, strange pines, hot springs and waterfalls, and writes out the characteristics of Huangshan Mountain's "strange dangers", which paves the way for the second part and the "March 4th". It is a summary of the full text. "II" is divided into three stages (prehistory, Tang and Song Dynasties, after Ming and Qing Dynasties) to write the mountaineering history of Huangshan Mountain, which echoes the "danger" of "I" Huangshan Mountain and makes a comparison for the following articles, indicating that the scenic spots have been enjoyed by the whole people in different times. "III" focuses on the process of climbing Tiandu Peak according to the trail. Compared with "two", it forms a contrast between ancient and modern times and between reality and reality, and points out the theme: "Happiness belonging to a few people belongs to many people." "Four" is written on the top of Huangshan Mountain. The four major landscapes of Huangshan Mountain: the sea of clouds, pines, sunrises and body shots, are closely related to the "singularity" of "one". These four parts are closely related, and the full text adopts the organizational form of total score structure. Borrow the sentences in the book to sum up: First, arrange the scenery naturally; Second, the unattainable Huangshan Mountain; Third, happiness belongs to most people; Fourth, what kind of park is this!
3. Analysis: The second part describes the brief history of people climbing Huangshan Mountain for thousands of years. It seems that it has nothing to do with the characteristics of Huangshan Mountain, but it is actually a wonderful pen. For thousands of years, few people have climbed the highest peak of Huangshan Mountain, because its precipitousness sets off the precipitousness of Huangshan Mountain. The third part describes the situation when "we" climb the mountain and directly describes its "danger". At the same time, it is also compared with the second part everywhere, highlighting the significance of "changing the world" and expressing the theme.
4. Analysis:
This article is rich in materials, but the structure of the article is clear and rigorous. The author divides the rich materials into several categories, and then synthesizes articles through lyric discussion groups according to the needs of expressing the theme.
Rich association is the outstanding feature of this paper. The author's association methods mainly include: causal association, such as thinking about the history and future of "land" from today; Relational association, such as thinking of people and things on the land from "land"; Contrast and association, such as the plundering of "land" by the exploiting class, think of the treasure of "land" by workers; Similar associations, such as Zhong Er's acceptance of clods, think of the government ceremony of the ancient emperor, and then the surrender ceremony forced by colonial robbers on the Pacific islands. And so on. The author skillfully and freely uses these associative ways alternately, and his thoughts are flying everywhere.
Third, summarize the full text and assign homework.
Four, the structure of the attached blackboard: