Twenty-five types of tea cups
1. Jianzhan
Jianzhan was created in the late Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties, and flourished in the Song Dynasty. It was a famous folk tea cup at that time. One of the kilns, it is named after the kiln site is located in Jianzhou, Fujian. The black-glazed rabbit hair cup is its most representative product. For example, Song Huizong's "Daguan Tea Theory" says: The color of the cup is blue and black, and the one with jade hair strips is the best, which is the color that emits the fragrance of tea. It is also said: Green is the most precious lamp, and rabbit hair is the best.
2. Bell-style cup
The bell-style cup is tall and elegant in shape. It is inverted and bell-shaped, making it easy to hold and smell fragrance. It is a new style that only began to appear during the Ming and Qing Dynasties. "Tao Ya": It's like a bell turned upside down.
3. Pressing hand cup
The mouth is flat and outward, the abdominal wall is nearly vertical, adducted from the lower abdominal wall, and the feet are circled. When held in the hand, the slightly withdrawn rim just presses the edge of the hand. The size is moderate, the weight is moderate, and it fits the hand stably, so it is called a "hand-pressing cup." The Ming Yongle blue and white hand cup is the most famous. "Tao Ya": A large hand-pressed cup from Jun kiln in the Song Dynasty, with a thin belly and a half-fall, a slim erect shape, and earthworm traces on the mud. The inside is green and the outside is purple, and the beauty is rare.
4. Six-square cup
Also known as the six-sided cup, it originated in the Song Dynasty and became popular in the Qing Dynasty. The cups come in various shapes, such as the Kangxi blue and white maid six-square cup, the Qianlong yellow-ground pastel six-square cup, and the Four Seasons landscape six-square cup. The shape is tall and straight, the lines are fresh, and the edges and corners are sharp. Applying Ru glaze makes it more rounded when used.
5. Dou Li Cup
The shape of the Dou Li Cup is like a hat made by a coir raincoat, with a large mouth and a small bottom, which gives it a comfortable and contented beauty. The lines are simple and elegant, and the firing is difficult. Great wisdom can be seen in simplicity. Taking a cup of tea and tasting it, you will feel as if ginger is on the Wei River, thinking about the world among the mountains and rivers, and getting a glimpse of great wisdom in the ordinary.
6. Flower God Cup
The "Twelve Flower God Cup" originated from the Kangxi period. Each month draws a seasonal flower and inscribes a corresponding poem. Later, according to this cup shape, ceramic craftsmen used various glazes to make porcelain and painted various patterns. The patterns on the cup wall are all drawn by hand painters on the plain embryo one stroke at a time, and are underglaze colors. "Tao Ya": Kangxi's December flower wine glass, one cup contains one flower, some blue and white, some colorful, the texture is very thin, two bahts are light, if you want to make do with the December flowers, it will be extremely difficult.
7. Yuanrong Cup
The belly is slightly bulging and the diameter is slightly inward, but it is relatively real and normal, but its effect of gathering aroma and flavor is obviously better. The overall taste is the best, suitable for drinking strong-flavored tea. The shape of the Yuanrong cup is relatively uniform, giving people a very dignified and elegant feeling, which means it can accommodate a big belly.
8. Bamboo refill cup
It is made of high-quality natural bamboo and processed through multiple processes. The weaving craftsmen follow the characteristics of bamboo weaving of "selected materials, extra fine silk, close to the tire, and hidden head". They are made by hand according to the tire. It is integrated and natural, filled with elegant and fresh oriental temperament and culture.
9. Lianqiu Cup
Each edge extends from the bottom of the cup to the top of the cup, giving the entire cup the shape of a petal, which is very delicate. When you apply Ru glaze, the shape of the cup is different from that of the cup with the small lotus petals at the top of the cup, just like a new life. Simple and elegant, smooth and graceful, practical and generous. The cup opens like fish scales or cicadas. After long-term use, the brown color will stain the cracks, forming a poetic texture.
10. Chicken vat cup
The chicken vat cup is a type of cup created by the imperial kiln factory of Chenghua Dynasty in the Ming Dynasty. Chicken bowl cups usually have a loose mouth, a shallow belly, and lying feet. The body of the cup is painted with two chickens, male and female, and chickens looking for food, which is quite charming. It is also decorated with scenery such as rocks, orchids, and peonies, which is very unique. Because of their rarity and exquisiteness, chicken bowl cups were already expensive in the Ming Dynasty. According to "Records of Shenzong", Shenzong's fashionable food, a pair of Chenghua colored chicken bowl cups in front of the emperor, was worth one hundred thousand. According to the "Yehuobian" written by Shen Defu of Wanli Dynasty in the Ming Dynasty, it is said that each pair of kiln wine cups is worth a hundred gold.
11. Jue Cup
The rim of the Jue Cup is withdrawn, the round belly is slightly deeper, the front tip is tilted back, and there are three high legs below, so it is also called the Three Jue Cup: it is An antique cup, but generally not made of bronze, it was often fired during the Ming and Qing Dynasties. There are varieties such as blue and white, white glaze, blue glaze and pastel. "History of the Ming Dynasty" records: It was decided in the first year of Hongwu that each temple had one temple and three separate temples, with three Jiu Zun, eight Jin Jue and sixteen Porcelain Jue in the east-west direction of the section.
12. Goblet
It is named because there are high legs under the cup body. The mouth is slightly withdrawn, plump near the bottom, and supports high feet. The high feet are bamboo-shaped, cylindrical, square, etc. It has a long history. Zhou Yuchong's "New Records of Three Chu" of the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms records: During the time of Gao Congjiao, the porcelain in Jingnan was all high-footed. Public and private competition competed to purchase and use them, so they were called high-footed bowls. Both the Ming and Qing dynasties were fired, and the varieties include blue and white, doucai, etc. Because people need to hold the lower part of the short handle to drink tea, the tall cup is also called the handle cup. "Tao Shuo": "Ni Gu Lu" Ge kiln octagonal cups as handles. The target cup is in the hand, and the handle is the right one.
13. Horseshoe cup
Popular in Ming and Qing Dynasties. They have an open mouth, a beveled belly, and a small flat bottom with a concave interior. Most of the official kiln vessels have a year stamp on the bottom, and the shape looks like an inverted horseshoe. In the Ming Dynasty, Huiqing, Shalan, peacock blue, white glaze and other varieties were common. It was more popular during the Yongzheng period of the Qing Dynasty. It was mostly decorated with fighting colors, and it was most common to have four clusters of flowers on the abdomen.
14. Glass cup
Classic shape, cold and heat resistant. It is transparent and free of impurities, making it easy to appreciate the color and posture of the tea leaves in the cup.
15. Goblet bowl
The shape is the same as the goblet, slightly larger.
In the Yuan Dynasty, Longquan kiln and Jingdezhen kiln were in full swing. Please continue firing in the Ming Dynasty. The varieties include celadon glaze, egg white glaze, blue and white, underglaze red, etc. The big one is called a bowl, and the small one is called a cup.
16. Palace bowl
The rim of the mouth is spread out, the belly is wide, deep and round, and the shape is correct. It is mostly used in the imperial palace, hence its name. It was most famous for being fired during the Zhengde period of the Ming Dynasty, and is known as the "Zhengde bowl".
17. Lying-foot cup
The lying-foot cup is named after the bottom of the cup, which has no ring feet and has concave lying feet. Like the goblet, the lying-footed cup also has the name of a handle cup, but it is called a flat-belly target cup. "Museum Summary" records: "The top grade of the finished kiln, there is no more colorful flat-belly target cup with a grape turtle mouth, and the style is much more wonderful than the Xuan cup."
18. Arhat Cup
The creative inspiration comes from the traditional Arhat vat, with the theme of the Eighteen Arhats in Buddhism. It is made by hand drawing and creatively combines pastel craftsmanship with glaze The combination of underglaze multicolor craftsmanship makes it have the fine, pink and soft picture effect of pastel, as well as the bright and moist underglaze multicolored colors, as well as the characteristics of being safe, non-toxic and never fading. Therefore, it is an art treasure integrating appreciation, collection and practicality.
19. Bell cup
Also known as Yangzhong cup, Jinzhong cup and Pan-style cup, it was popular in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. The mouth of the cup is turned outward, the belly is deep, the feet are circled, and the cup is inverted like a bell, hence its name. In the Chenghua, Jiaqing and Wanli periods of the Ming Dynasty, there were white glaze, doucai, blue and white and other varieties. In the Kangxi and Yongzheng periods of the Qing Dynasty, there were blue and white glaze, five colors, etc.
20. Anti-scalding cup
Based on actual application, the anti-scalding design is improved. Pure porcelain is combined with simple bamboo, the color is elegant, and the shape of the cup is simple yet elegant.
21. Skimming cup
The mouth is slightly drawn outwards, the belly is slightly pulled back, and the cup is rounded. The texture of the cup is fine and smooth. This shape is also the most commonly used and common. The roundness of the entrance of the tea soup is higher than the previous one, but it is more real and normal. The degree of aroma and flavor gathering is higher than that of many cup shapes. The overall feeling is more natural and simple.
22. Chicken Heart Cup
The shape is open, the bottom of the mouth is retracted, the bottom is thin, and the foot is round. Because the heart of the cup is concave, it has a deep round shape, and the bottom center is raised with a chicken heart. Shape, hence the name. The works of the Ming Dynasty are relatively famous. During the Yongle period, the Jingdezhen kiln produced two types of blue and white chicken heart cups and white-glazed chicken heart cups, both of which are now handed down.
23. Folded-waist cup
Folded-waist cup was popular in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. It has bright colors and rich and diverse decorative techniques, including blue and white, multicolored, pastel and various single-color glazes. The beauty of this cup lies in its unique shape, elegant meaning, and interesting pictures. "Don't bend your back for five buckets of rice" has become a synonym for a person who has integrity, does not follow the crowd, and has a noble character. The waist-folding cup is of moderate height and size, collects fragrance and taste, and also fits the curve of the hand.
24. Straightforward cup
Cup shape interpretation: The bottom of the cup is flat, the body of the cup is straight and cylindrical, and the shape of the cup is tough and simple. It is recommended to use it with a light-colored bamboo tea mat base. It is suitable for drinking tea with a lighter color such as green tea and yellow tea.
25. Square Dou Cup
A type of cup that was popular during the Jiajing period of the Ming Dynasty. It was named after its shape resembling a square dou. The advantage of this beaker is that the tea soup feels the roundest when entering the mouth. But this is caused by the principles of physics. Due to the large opening and low height, the surface tension of the liquid is the largest, not the roundness of the tea soup itself. In terms of aroma and flavor accumulation, this cup is the lowest.