Xu Wei, formerly known as Wen Qing, was later renamed Wen Chang. He was born in Tianchi Mountain, an Ivy League Buddhist, or a native of Tian Shuiyue and Yin Shan (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang). He was gifted and intelligent. At the age of 20, he was admitted as a scholar in Yin Shan, but later he failed in Sun Shan's eight exams, and he could not aspire to fame all his life. When I was young, I was still full of enterprising spirit, "conceited, resourceful and decisive, curious, and talkative", and I was diligent in the ideal pursuit of governing the country and leveling the world, which was once favored by Hu Zongxian, the right assistant minister of the Ministry of War. In the 37th year of Jiajing (1558), he was recruited as an aide to the Governor of Zhejiang and Fujian. Xu Wei planned the military, political and economic affairs at that time and participated in the anti-Japanese struggle in the southeast coast. In his poems, he enthusiastically praised the patriotic heroes who fought against Japan, and wrote "White Deer Original Table" for Hu Zongxian, which was greatly appreciated by Emperor Shizong of Ming Dynasty. I thought I could display my ambition, but later Hu Zongxian was impeached as an accomplice of Yan Song, and was arrested and committed suicide. Xu Wei was deeply influenced by * * *, once mad and insane, and even committed suicide on purpose. He even committed suicide nine times. The way to commit suicide is creepy. He broke his head with a sharp axe. "Blood cover, skull fracture, sound rubbing." Once again, he "stuck a sharp cone into his ear, and it went deep, but it didn't die." He also suspected that his stepmother Zhang was unfaithful. In fact, he killed Zhang, so he went to prison and stayed in prison for seven years. Later, he was rescued from prison by his good friend Zhang Yuan Tuan (written by Ming Hanlin). He was 53 years old when he got out of prison. At this time, he really put aside his official career, traveled around and began to write books, poems and paintings. In his later years, he was down and out, penniless. Often, "a lone ranger under the hungry moon", everyone is grateful. Among them, only when he died, he went to the Zhang family to mourn, and almost all of them stayed at home. Finally, he ended his life in the case of "a few rickety houses and a southern accent". Only a dog accompanied him before he died, and there was not even a cushion on the bed, which was terrible. The dilemma of fate even aroused his depression. With his natural artistic temperament, he released his inner feelings through a tragic life and created an artistic miracle.
Xu Wei always leads a dissolute life and is not interested in power. When an official comes to draw, it is even difficult to say a word. In today's world, anyone who comes to ask for paintings must be worthy of Xu Wei's lack of money. At this time, if someone comes to paint, they can get it in an instant. If he is not short of money in his bag, then no matter how much you give, it is rare to get a painting. What a man of temperament.
Xu Wei's freehand brushwork flowers shocked the world. They are bold and unrestrained with their pens, incisively and vividly, vividly shaped and unique, creating a new style of freehand brushwork in ink and wash. Also known as "green vine and white sun" with Chen Daofu, it has a great influence on later generations and has always been praised by the world. Of course, his talent is also reflected in the creation of traditional Chinese operas. His zaju "Four Sounds Apes" has been praised by Tang Xianzu and others, and it also occupies a place in the history of China opera. His poems, paintings and calligraphy are filled with a sense of injustice and vastness of Yu Bo.
The contrast between Xu Wei's calligraphy and the dull calligraphy in the early Ming Dynasty is particularly prominent. After Zhu Yunming, Xu Wei's way of learning books, like Zhu Yunming's, belongs to two kings and one vein without exception. He appreciates Wang Xizhi's character and calligraphy. As a fellow countryman, he followed Wang Xizhi's calligraphy, but it was the Song people who had the greatest influence on him, among which Mi Fei took the most calligraphy. He said excitedly in the postscript of Ink on Minnan Public Book: "I have read many books in Minnan Public Book, and I am relaxed and relaxed. Without this post, I found a vast land and unique scenery. " Without extensive research, it is impossible for him to make a proper evaluation of Xiao San Shuang Yi, which shows his profound understanding of Mi Fei. Xu Wei is good at magnificent weeds, but it is difficult for ordinary people to accept them. His pen and ink are wanton and messy. He is very conceited about his calligraphy. He believes that "my book is the first, poetry is the second, literature is the third and painting is the fourth". He once said in "Title from Book": "A high book is not vulgar, and a vulgar person is not a high book. However, this statement can also be said to the knowledgeable, but it is difficult to say to the layman. " No wonder how many "knowers" are there?
Twenty years after Xu Wei's death, Yuan Juji, the leader of the "Public Security School", came across the manuscript of a poem by Xu Wei at the home of his friend Tao Wangling. "It's disgusting. Bituminous coal is black and slightly shaped." But after reading a few articles under the lamp, I couldn't help wondering if this man is a modern man. Or the ancients? I didn't expect Taowangling to be pulled up and watched all night. "Reading is called re-reading, and re-reading is called re-reading", which makes the boy and servant wake up. Then Yuan Juji spared no effort to study and publicize Xu Wei's manuscripts, and thought that Xu Wei's poems "swept away the filth of modern times" and Xu Wei's calligraphy "was as bold and charming as his poems, above Wang Yayi and Wen Zhiming"; He also said that "calligraphy, no matter whether it is about the god of books, is a dispersion of the eight laws, and it is also a chivalrous man in the forest" ("The Sword of the Book Forest"). Yuan Jujidao also wrote a short biography-Biography of Xu Wenchang for a famous figure in the history of ancient China literature. It can be said that he was Xu Wei's first confidant, and his followers were countless, including Zhu Da from Eight Mountains and Zheng Banqiao who was willing to "go to the Ivy League". Qi Baishi, a master of modern art, once said when referring to Xu Wei, "I hate grinding ink and paper for ivy." This is enough to show Xu Wei's deep influence on later generations.
Xu Wei's loneliness can really be summarized by his own poem "Poetry on the Ink Grapes":
I've been down and out for half my life,
Self-study whistling night wind.
There is nowhere to sell pearls at the bottom of the pen.
Throw wild vines around.
Title "Ink Grape Map"
[Author] Wei Xu
[Full text] Half-life depression has become a phenomenon, and autonomous learning is whistling in the evening breeze.
The pearls at the bottom of the pen have nowhere to sell, but they are thrown into wild vines.
This is the exclamation of a poor scholar.
In the vernacular, it is:
"I am over 50 years old, and I still haven't made any achievements. I am still in a state of being down and out."
"Now I'm in the study, listening to the sound of the wind."
"No one appreciates the article he wrote."
"There is no way but to leave these articles and poems idle."
This is a cynical poem.
Being down and out for half a lifetime has become a phenomenon. Self-study night wind whistling, the written pearl is nowhere to be sold. What does it mean to be idle in Zheng Yeteng? This is the sigh of a poor scholar. In the vernacular, it is: "I am over 50 years old, and I still have no achievements, or I am down and out." "Now I'm in the study, listening to the sound of the wind." "No one appreciates the article he wrote." "There is no way but to leave these articles and poems idle." This is a cynical poem.
Half-life is misty and rainy, and half-life is falling. What do you mean? In the first half of my life, I was at ease in the misty rain and willow bank, and in the second half, I was like a fallen flower, neglected and withered alone.
What does Nanping night wind mean? Nanping night clock, right?
Nanping Wanzhong Scenic Area
Nanping Night Bell, located in Jingci Temple at the foot of Nanping Mountain, is one of the top ten scenic spots in Hangzhou West Lake.
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Jingci Temple, located at the foot of Nanping Mountain in the southwest of West Lake, was founded in the first year of Zhou Xiande after the Five Dynasties (954), with a history of 1000 years. It was built by King Wu Yueguo to support the founder of Nanshan Buddhism, formerly known as "Huiri Yongming Temple". Jingci Temple was renamed in the Southern Song Dynasty, and it was also called "Four Jungles of West Lake" with Lingyin Temple, Zhaoqing Temple and Shengyin Temple.
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In the 11th year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (A.D. 1378), a giant clock was cast with copper material weighing more than 10 tons. During Emperor Kangxi's southern tour in the Qing Dynasty, he changed "Nanping Late Bell" to "Nanping Xiao Bell", saying that the dawn was about to break. "At night, the air is clear, everything is silent, and the sound of plants begins to resound through the sky, which is thought-provoking." From Song Dynasty to Qing Dynasty, Jingci Temple had its ups and downs. Now, Jingci Temple has been renovated, and a copper bell weighing 10 tons has been hung on the bell tower.
There are 68,000 words written by Zhao Puchu and others in Nanping Night Bell. It uses the "Bland Carving Dragon" as the clock button and eight lotus petals as the clock lips. Each petal is cast with a clock, and six of them are cast in Sanskrit. There are seven shrines on the bell ridge, such as there is no Buddha in the south and no Buddha in the south. The ornate bell tower has gradually become the most attractive attraction of the Millennium temple.
Whenever the bell of the Buddhist temple rings at night, the loud bell reaches the mountain. In addition, there are many caves in Nanping Mountain behind the temple. A few pestle bells will make the mountain sound like a valley, and there will be echoes in the caves. The artistic conception of "the jade screen flies at dusk and the bells in the palace are faint" is fascinating. Zhang Zeduan, a famous painter in the Northern Song Dynasty, once painted "Nanping Late Bell". Although this painting is far less famous in painting circles than his Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival, it was recorded in Tianshui Iceberg Record in Ming Dynasty. Zhang Dai, a poet in the Ming Dynasty, "The night sky falls to Nanping, and the breeze is as thin as paper;" The poem "Bell from top to bottom, crossing the river at night" has written the beauty of Jingci Temple's bell to the extreme. Emperor Kangxi toured the south of the Yangtze River, titled Ten Scenes of the West Lake, and built a tablet pavilion outside Jingci Temple Temple. The four-character landscape named "Nanping Night Bell" in his calligraphy is probably because "the night is bright, everything is silent, and the bell rings into the sky at first, which makes people think."
Nanping Night Clock faces Leifeng Sunset across the road, and Tower Shadow Clock constitutes two of the most charming night scenes in the West Lake. Jingci Temple is also accompanied by the myths and legends of Jigong. There is an ancient well for transporting wood in the temple, also known as the auspicious well, which attracts countless tourists to watch it.
In recent years, every New Year's Eve, people from all walks of life, foreign guests, overseas Chinese and tourists will gather inside and outside the Jingci Temple Bell Tower to ring the bell for the New Year to bid farewell to the old and welcome the new. When the 108 bell rings, it is the beginning of a new place. This activity, which symbolizes peace, joy, stability and unity, has injected new connotation and charm into the ancient Nanping night clock.
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Above the ethereal Leifeng, several winds send you to the window.
When the tourists dispersed, they paid the monks to hit them with the moon.
-Song Lin's "Nanping Night Bell"
What does it mean to be down and out? Down and out basically means down and out, frustrated and poor.
Generally, it is used to describe a family or a person's economic poverty and lack of food and clothing. It can also be used to express a person's mental and psychological dissatisfaction.
Another explanation is a metaphor for panic, for example, a person is driven out of his mind, which means that he is flustered and helpless.
Work hard, and one day there will be a chance to turn over!
Satisfied, please adopt.
Frustrated
Lupo
Being disheartened [being poor is not satisfied].
Poor family, no food and clothing industry. -"Historical Records and Biography of Li Sheng Lu Jia"
Smell armour down and out. -Qing Zhou Rong's Biography of the Taro Old Man
Also known as "landing"
Source Yi Rong Online Dictionary Original link:: Erong. /cd/？ Keywords =%C2%E4%C6%C7
What does the night breeze in pear flower falls mean? It means that the evening breeze blows down pear trees and wine floats in the air.
From the egret Du Mu.
Keywords xueyi, xuefa, yukou,
The fish was caught in the shadow of the stream.
Surprised to fly into the distance and reflect the blue mountains,
A pear flower falls evening breeze.
Tip: This poem describes the appearance and living habits of egrets and birds, which is really touching.
Snow-white egrets wear white coats and have white hair.
Small mouths carved by jasper, flocks of fish in the stream.
Fly to the distant green forest in horror,
Like the evening breeze blowing down pear trees, wine is floating in the air.