Author: Du Fu
Original text:
It's sad not to go to Li See to save wine and pretend to be crazy.
The whole world wants to kill people, and I only care about talent.
A thousand clever poems and a glass of wine.
Kuangshan reading office, it's good to be back white.
Precautions:
1, Li Sheng sentence: Li Sheng refers to Li Bai. Du Fu and Li Bai Tianbao broke up in Yanzhou, Shandong Province for four years (745) and failed to meet each other for sixteen years.
2, yng madness: pretend to be crazy. Li Bai often pretends to indulge in wine to express his dissatisfaction with the dirty world.
3. The punishment under heaven: Li Bai was sentenced to the Wang Yong Lilin shogunate, imprisoned in Xunyang, and soon exiled to Yelang. Some people think that he committed treason and should be put to death.
4. Compassionate talents: Love talents.
5. Kuangshan: refers to Dakuangshan in Zhangming County (now Jiangyou County) of Sichuan Province, where Li Bai studied in his early years.
6. The first sentence: Li Bai is 6 1 year old at this time. Du Fu is in Chengdu at this time, Li is back in Kuangshan, long-lost friends meet again, and Yun is back.
Translation:
I haven't seen Li Bai for a long time.
Sadly, he pretended to be wild.
Everyone in the world will kill him,
It's just that I pity him for being a talent.
Steven Giorgio wrote thousands of poems,
Wandering without a home is just a glass of wine.
This is your old residence in Kuangshan when you were studying.
You should come back when your hair is white.
Appreciate:
This poem was written in the early days of living in Chengdu. Perhaps Du Fu learned that Li Bai was released on his way to exile Yelang, so he felt something. Poetry expresses deep affection for close friends in simple language.
The first sentence, abrupt and steep, seems to have suddenly generated feelings accumulated in the heart. The word "not seen" is placed at the beginning of the sentence, which expresses the strong yearning for the dialogue, and the word "long" is placed at the end of the sentence, emphasizing the long time of missing. Du Fu and Li Bai broke up in Yanzhou in the fourth year of Tianbao (745), and they haven't seen each other for fifteen years.
Immediately after the second sentence, the poet showed pity and sympathy for Li Bai, because Li Bai was so incompetent that he let himself go. In ancient times, some people who were dissatisfied with reality often pretended to be crazy and sold silly, just like Jieyu in the Spring and Autumn Period. Li Bai pretends that I am a madman in the state of Chu (Lu Shan Ge Yu Shi Lu Xuzhou). He often recites poems, makes merry, laughs at princes, and expresses his grief and indignation wildly. It is a great tragedy for a person with lofty aspirations to pretend to be crazy and sell stupidity. Although putting on airs can deceive the world, Du Fu deeply understands and sympathizes with Li Bai's difficulties. It can really modify sadness and vividly convey the poet's infinite sigh and sympathy.
These two poems are wonderful summaries of Li Bai's life and outline the image of a romantic poet who is full of poetry and wine. Du Fu imagined that Li Bai was accompanied by wine in his wandering, and wine might be able to stop him and comfort his sorrow. This couplet is still intended to write about Li Bai's misfortune, further expressing the lingering feelings of missing his best friend.
The deep nostalgia finally turned into an eager call: Kuangshan reading office, the head is white and easy to return. The inheritance of poetry comes from falling flowers. Du Fu is worried about Li Bai's fate and hopes that he will leave his leaves and return to his hometown. This voice expresses his deep affection for his old friend. Kuangshan refers to Dakuangshan in Mianzhou (in today's northern Sichuan), where Li Bai studied when he was young. Du Fu lived in Chengdu at this time, and it was reasonable to hope that Li Bai would return to Shu. As far as composition is concerned, the beginning laments invisibility, and the end longs to meet each other, echoing from beginning to end, and the whole poem is integrated.
The greatest artistic feature of this poem is to express one's mind directly, without false embellishment. Rhymes are often lyrical with scenery or combined with scenes. Hu Yinglin said: Writing poems is only the two ends of the scene. Such as five-character rhythm, starting from the front and ending from the back, four sentences in the middle, two sentences of scenery and two sentences of affection, the same is true of this general rule. ("Poetry") Du Fu often breaks this traditional way of writing, and the whole article is not limited to scenery, but majestic and natural (ibid.). This poem is written in the way of pouring out the heart, without modifying the scenery, with deep feelings and great artistic appeal. Using this writing method, it is bound to absorb the components of spoken language and prose into the poem. First, it is to peel off the flowers and algae, and the language is simple and natural. For example, the language of this poem seems ordinary, but it writes a sincere heart for friends; Secondly, through the prose culture, the elaborate dharma body becomes flexible and colorful, which is convenient for expressing feelings. For example, this poem uses function words to make poetry, making duality irrelevant. This kind of metrical poem has changed the traditional old tune of "young marriage" and "sedate" and enhanced the expressive force of metrical poem.
Du fu jiaren
beautiful woman
Author: Du Fu
Who is cuter than her? However, she lives alone in an empty valley.
A good girl from Ziyun.
When the problem appeared in the customs area, her brother and close relatives were killed.
What's the use of them in high positions, they can't even protect their own lives? .
The world is dismissive of adversity, and hope will go out like the light of a candle.
Her husband, with a wandering heart, is looking for a new face like jade.
When the morning glory is rolled up at night, the mandarin ducks lie side by side.
He can only see the smile of his new love, but he can't hear the cry of his old love.
The stream is pure at the source of the mountain, but its water turns dark far away from the mountain.
Wait for her maid to come back after selling pearls, and then she needs straw to build the roof.
She picked some flowers, not for her hair, but for letting pine needles fall from her fingers.
She forgot the thin silk sleeves and the cold, and leaned against a tall bamboo.
Precautions:
1, faint: cordate telosma.
2. Xiuzhu: long bamboo, which is in harmony with the green sleeves in the poem.
Translation:
There is a beautiful woman living in seclusion in a secluded valley.
She said: I am a lady, and I only attach myself to vegetation when I am wandering.
I think my brothers were brutally killed during the Chang 'an chaos.
What's the use of standing on top and being famous? You can't adopt my own flesh and blood
The world hates decline, and everything is like a candle swaying in the wind.
I didn't expect my husband to be a frivolous man who married Yan Ruyu's bride.
There is a season when lovesickness falls in bloom, and there is also a season when lovebirds are not alone.
I have been teasing new people, so who cares if I am an old man crying? !
The spring water in the mountain is clear and transparent, and the spring water out of the mountain will be turbid.
The maid who sells jewelry has just returned, pulling rattan to repair the broken hut.
Picked wildflowers don't like stuffing, and picked cypresses are full.
In cold weather, beauty wears thin clothes and leans against long bamboo in the sunset.
Appreciate:
This poem is about the unfortunate experience of a woman abandoned in the war. She was born in a good family, but she was born at an inappropriate time. In the Anshi War, her brother, who was a senior official, was killed. Her husband abandoned her when he saw the decline of her family, so she ran aground in society. However, she was not crushed by misfortune and did not yield to fate; She swallowed the bitter water of life, lived in an empty valley, lived next to vegetation, and determined to observe the festival, just like a mountain spring. This spirit of poverty, modesty and self-control is really worth eulogizing. ?
The whole poem is euphemistic, tearful and touching. This stream is pure at its mountain source, but far from the mountain, its water darkens and there is a profound philosophy of life.
Du fu is old at night
Wild old man
Author: Du Fu
Original text:
The wild old hedge in front of the river bank has retreated, but the Chai Men by the river has not yet opened.
Fishermen's nets gather under Chengtan, and Jia passenger ships come to accompany the light.
The long road cares about the sad sword pavilion, but the floating clouds don't feel the piano platform.
Julian Waghann didn't report to Dong Jun, and Anthony wong drew a corner of the city gate.
Precautions:
1, Ye Lao: Du Fu claimed.
2. Qintai: A scenic spot in Sichuan, which is said to be a place where Sima Xiangru and Zhuo Wenjun sell wine, in this case, Chengdu.
Appreciate:
The first four sentences of the poem are about the scene of the thatched cottage. The brushwork is leisurely and light, and the poem seems to be handy. The word "wild second child" at the beginning is Du Fu's self-assertion. The river bank twists and turns, bamboo fence thatched cottage. At this time, the poet was strolling by the river in front of the thatched cottage. The beauty of Chai Men's sentence is that it was written effortlessly. This Chai Men seems to be faking it at will. Since the river turned a corner here, the poet set up a gate in Yingjiang. It doesn't matter if the direction is wrong, everything will be natural. And in the clear Baihuatan over there, fishermen are happily fishing underground. Chengtan refers to Baihuatan, that is, the waters south of the thatched cottage. Perhaps because the river bends backward, it is suitable for berthing ships, and merchant ships are also docked here in the setting sun. These four sentences are the poet's wild eyes, and the words are pure and natural, just like sketching a simple and quiet picture of a quiet river village. The whole picture is full of pastoral interest and conveys the poet's leisurely mood at this moment. However, Du Fu is not a hermit who is detached from things. After a long time, he gave birth to another emotion.
It is natural that the long journey comes from the Jia passenger ship. Du Fu said in a poem: Our Wan Li ships (four quatrains) are moored at the door, which probably refers to these Jia passenger ships. It was these Wan Li ships that disturbed his peace of mind and reminded him of his long journey. This long road first led his thoughts to the north and south of the great river, where he missed his siblings day and night, and he often wanted to go down the river. From this, I thought of another long road: going north to Chang 'an, going east to Luoyang and going back to my hometown. The loss of Jianmen not only cut off the road, but also made the whole situation tense and critical, which made the poet deeply worried. In this confusion and pain, he looked up and saw the white clouds. He couldn't help asking: What does that cloud beside the piano stand mean? Qintai is a scenic spot in Chengdu, and it is said that Sima Xiangru and Zhuo Wenjun sell wine. This generation refers to Chengdu. A cloud is a metaphor used by poets, which means: You are floating like a cloud, why do you stay in Shu? First of all, because the war is not peaceful and the soldiers are in turmoil. Secondly, the poet asked: Who kicked him out of the court and deprived him of the opportunity to serve his country? This sentence is lyrical and profound. Clouds are beside the piano table, which is a natural phenomenon and need not be blamed. Therefore, this question seems mindless and can't be answered. In fact, it only expresses the pain of the poet's inability to serve the country and the confusion of finding a way out.
The ending sentence conveys the poet's sad mood. The poet lamented that Luoyang has not been recovered since it fell again last year, and the Tubo in the northwest is eyeing it. There is also a crisis of war in Shu, and it is very sad to hear the sound of painting corners from Chengdu Chengtou in the bleak autumn wind. The whole poem ends with endless aftertaste.
The scenery written in the first four sentences of the poem is just like what Wang Guowei said. Without me, we look at things in terms of things, and we don't know what is mine and what is physical. In other words, the poet looks at external things with a quiet mind, and the self seems to be integrated into the objective world. The artistic conception written at this time is the realm of no self. In the first four sentences of this poem, the poet's mood is indifferent and quiet, and he is completely intoxicated in the beautiful evening scenery by the river, reaching the state of forgetting myself. After the last four sentences of the poem turned into lyricism, they still didn't leave the scenery, but at this time they entered the realm of having me: having my realm and watching things with me, so everything was full of my colors. The scenery here, whether it's clouds or city gates, autumn scenery or the sound of the horn, is saturated with the poet's sadness. The two realms set off each other and produced a strong artistic appeal. When the first half of the poem shows a picture of a river village, the poet seems to have forgotten nature. Only when he reached the bottom did he show deep concern for the country and people. It turns out that his leisure is a kind of self-liberation in the dilemma of serving the country. This helpless detachment, in turn, deepens the expression of painful feelings, and the undercurrent of pain surging under the calm water is a deeper sorrow.
Du fu's southern expedition
The South
Author: Du Fu
Original text:
Peach blossom water on the spring shore,
Yun Fan Fenglin.
Steal long and avoid the ground,
It is more comfortable to be far away.
When I was ill, I went to the south.
Look at the heart of the north.
A hundred years of songs are bitter,
No confidant.
Appreciate:
This poem was written by Du Fu on his way from Yueyang to Changsha in the spring of the fourth year of Dali (769). Just a year before his death. This poem reflects the poet's extremely contradictory thoughts and feelings shortly before his death.
Write two sentences about the riverside scenery on Jiangnan Road in Chunan. Spring water is born, peach blossoms bloom on the shore, and waves float in the sky; Yun Fan is a land, a journey of a thousand miles, maple trees become forests. What a wonderful and charming picture of nature it is.
The phrase "drag out an ignoble existence" shows that the poet has been wandering for many years, which is far suitable for the sadness of southern tour. If it is a pleasant trip, the poet should be particularly happy in the face of the beautiful scenery in front of him. However, the poet's life is short and his future is dim, and his melancholy feelings in his journey are very inconsistent with the prosperous business on the riverside. How can you not cry when you are injured at the scene?
The recurrence of his old illness exposed his ideological contradictions. At this time, the poet was old and sick, and should have returned to Chang 'an in the north, but fate forced him to go to Hunan in the south. Isn't that sad? But even so, the poet remained loyal and wanted to serve the court. Your kindness should mean that Yanwu recommended you as the Foreign Minister of the Ministry of Industry. Here, the poet uses flowing water pairs, just ten words, which embodies rich content. The poet's ambivalence is deeply impressed by the sharp contrast between his works.
The poet had to travel to the south because of his old illness, and the answer was a hundred years' imprisonment. Du Fu has political ambitions, but his career is bumpy and his ambitions are not paid. He has unparalleled talent. However, how many people can understand that he sang for a hundred years and suffered all his life? His brilliant achievements in poetry were not taken seriously before his death. How can this not make the poet feel that he has never seen a bosom friend? This is indeed the tragedy of Du Fu's life. The three-four couplet is a self-portrait of Du Fu's life and thoughts in his later years.
This poem begins with the beautiful spring scenery on the river, and then lets the tears in people's eyes drag out an ignoble existence, erasing the bright and cheerful atmosphere. The poet expressed deep distress at this disharmony. The whole poem is sad and sad, which reflects the sadness and helplessness of the poet when he is ill, and makes people cry when reading it.