Lotte in Yangzhou met for the first time.
Liu Yuxi
The mountains were desolate and silent for twenty-three years.
People come back. Like people in Michelle, I can only play the flute, and I am disappointed.
On one side of the boat, Qian Fan races; At the head of the sick tree, every year is a spring shower.
Today, listen to you sing a song, drink a glass of wine and cheer up.
[Modern Translation]
Bashan Chushui is a desolate place. For twenty-three years, I was abandoned there by the court. Back home, my comrades-in-arms have passed away, so I can only remember them by "Remembering the Old Fu" written by Xiang Xiu when he heard the flute, and I myself have become the mythical man who has rotted the axe, and no one knows him. It seems like a lifetime ago. I'm like a sunken ship. These nouveau riche are like Qian Fan flying by. They are like a diseased tree, full of vitality. After listening to the song you sang to me today, let's refuel with this water wine.
[Notes]
This poem was written by Liu Yuxi when he returned to Luoyang from Hezhou and met Bai Juyi via Yangzhou at the end of the second year of Tang Jingzong Baoli (826). Reward: reward. Lotte: refers to Bai Juyi, the word lotte.
Bashan Chushui: refers to Sichuan and the two lakes. Liu Yuxi was successively demoted to Langzhou, Lianzhou, Kuizhou and Hezhou. Kuizhou belonged to Pakistan in ancient times, and most other places belonged to Chu State.
Twenty-three years: After the failure of Yongzheng's innovation, Liu Yuxi was demoted to official position for twenty-three years. Dislike: Dislike.
"Wendy Fu": thinking about the old Fu means repairing. The preface says: I passed Ji Kang by, and I remember him for writing this fu. Liu Yuxi used this allusion to commemorate the dead Wang, Liu Zongyuan and others.
Rotten Ke people: According to legend, Wang Jinshan in Jin cut wood and saw two boys playing chess. For a while, the boy asked Wang Zhi why he didn't go. Wang Zhi was shocked to see that the handle of the axe had rotted. Back to my hometown, I haven't met anyone for a hundred years (see Story Club). Liu Yuxi used this story to express that the world is cold, the personnel are completely different, and returning home every other year is like a lifetime ago.
Song 1: refers to Bai Juyi's poem "Drunken Gift to Twenty-eight Ambassadors of Liu".
Thinking inspiration:
This poem is a thank-you poem given by Bai Juyi to Ambassador Liu XXVIII when he was drunk. The poem is full of twists and turns, expressing the poet's indignation at being hit by political enemies and being exiled for a long time. Among them, the couplet "Qian Fan by the shipwreck, Wan Muchun in front of the sick tree" is a famous sentence with rich images and profound meanings, which turns the depression of the first two sentences into boldness. This sentence is not only a thank you to my friend for his concern, but also an encouragement to my friend, which means that although I have been demoted, there are successors. The author is not depressed in difficulties and setbacks, but calmly responds with an optimistic and open-minded attitude. The whole poem has strong appeal and rich philosophy of life.
As for the couplet "Qian Fan on the edge of sinking boat and Wan Muchun in front of the sick tree" in Yangzhou's First Banquet for Lotte, the commentary in the teacher's teaching book published by People's Education Press said: "Neck couplet ... compared with sinking boat and sick tree, it depicts the vibrant scene of Qian Fan competing for glory and thousands of trees competing for spring, showing the poet's attitude towards officials.
Later, in the relevant materials, Bian and Bian Qi commented on this couplet like this: "He Wanmu is a metaphor for the upstart who was proud of his official career after his relegation. This couplet is Liu Yuxi's angry words lamenting his life experience. "
For the understanding of "Qian Fan" and "ten thousand mu", I think what Bian Shi said is more reasonable. You can contact Liu's other two poems to have a look.
In Yong Zhenyuan (805), Liu Yuxi was demoted to Langzhou Sima because he failed to participate in the Wang Reform. In the tenth year of Yuanhe (8 15), someone in the imperial court remembered that Liu Zongyuan and others used him and were demoted at the same time. After returning to Chang 'an from Langzhou, he wrote a poem, "Yuanhe went from Langzhou to Beijing in ten years, giving a play to gentlemen who look at flowers." The poem says: "When the world of mortals comes to Ziyang, no one can fail to see the flowers coming back. There are thousands of trees in Du Xuan Guanli, which were planted after Liu Lang went. " The first two sentences of this poem, on the surface, describe the grand occasion of enjoying flowers, but secretly praise the prosperity and beauty of peach blossoms. The last two sentences are related to things and people's own situation, which seems to have a sigh of "how can a tree be so beautiful?" In fact, the poet in his bones regards Thousand Tree Peach Blossoms as an upstart who has become more and more proud politically in recent ten years because of opportunism. In the last sentence, he pointed out that these seemingly great upstarts were all promoted after "I" was squeezed out. His contempt and satire are bitter, which makes his political opponents feel very uncomfortable. So as soon as this poem came out, the author and his comrades-in-arms were immediately attacked and retaliated and demoted again.
It was another 14 year, that is, the second year of Daiwa (829), before the poet was recalled to Chang 'an. The poet "Visit Du Xuan again" says: "A hundred acres of courtyard is half covered with moss, and peach blossoms are everywhere. Where does Taoism return? Liu Lang came again today. " Deliberately bring up the past and challenge the powerful people who attacked him. Poets still use this method today, ostensibly writing about the ups and downs of peach blossoms, and writing about the unpredictable feelings of the world in Du Xuan's view, but in fact they still regard peach blossoms as more expensive than the nouveau riche, and Taoism refers to those in power who suppressed the innovation movement at that time. These people, after more than 20 years, some died, and some lost power and influence, so the upstarts they promoted changed their original mysterious momentum and gave way to others, just like "bloom", and the reason why the peach blossoms were all gone was the result of "where the Taoist returns". At this time, the rejected "I" came back. The poet once again threw a contemptuous smile at those political opponents who stifled political innovation. (See Shen Zuyu)
After careful study, the metaphors of "ten thousand mu", "Qian Fan" and "a thousand peach trees" are the same. Only in the two "Peach" poems, the author shows more contempt and ridicule, while in front of his old friend Bai Letian, the poet opens his heart and is more angry and depressed. Of course. Liu Yuxi has always been bold, bold and determined, which can be seen in the fourth part, "Listen to your song today and rely on the spirit of a glass of wine for the time being."