Tracing back to the development history of art education in China, the shadow of art education appeared in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Western Zhou Dy
Tracing back to the development history of art education in China, the shadow of art education appeared in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Western Zhou Dynasty of slave society. For the creation, invention and decoration of arts and crafts, and the training of workers in various crafts, the master teaches apprentices is the main way of education. The following is what I recommend to you, I hope you like it!
The first article "Visual Modern Art Education"
Abstract: Art education in China has experienced a long historical test. Both the education system and the teaching mode have gradually matured and improved. It is a valuable and rich historical heritage with the characteristics of late start and rapid development. However, with the increasing employment pressure in recent years, a large number of art students in the Academy of Fine Arts are facing the crisis of unemployment after graduation, and people begin to question modern art education. Employment difficulties point to the art education that is being implemented now, and it is considered that this educational model cannot meet the requirements of modernization. However, from the overall and macro point of view, the reality of art education we are facing is not optimistic.
Keywords: art education; Educational model; reform
First, the development status of modern art education
Tracing back to the development history of art education in China, the shadow of art education appeared in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Western Zhou Dynasty of slave society. For the creation, invention and decoration of arts and crafts, and the training of workers in various crafts, the master teaches apprentices is the main way of education. Later, after the Eastern Han Dynasty, the Tang Dynasty, the Song Dynasty, the Yuan Dynasty, the Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China, China's art education experienced a long baptism and passed the test of history. In the teaching system and mode, it gradually tends to be comprehensive. Throughout the cultural history of China, jade articles, ceramic handicrafts, bronzes, paintings and sculptures have made unparalleled achievements, and ancient art education in China has played a great role in the development of human civilization.
Second, modern art education meets the requirements of modernization.
In recent years, modern art education has been widely criticized with the sharp increase of employment situation pressure and the gradual saturation of jobs. Today's art education has also become a fixed "model", which can't keep up with the needs of the times. We should think about this problem objectively and comprehensively, and we can't deny it blindly. Based on the reality of our country, I am basically supportive and optimistic about the current art education in our country. The current American education model is still the most suitable education model for our country.
The difficulty of college students' employment is not the inevitable result of university enrollment expansion, but a crux that the quality has not improved at the same time as the quantity. From quantitative change to qualitative change, it will be the next breakthrough in China's education, and China's education model is also being gradually reformed. For the development of modern art education in China in just 30 years, its development speed is very obvious. Of course, China's current art education is not perfect, and there are still great drawbacks in teaching methods and teaching systems. In the author's view, we can roughly find the shortcomings of the current art education in China from two aspects.
Third, the drawbacks of modern art education
1. One-sided pursuit of style
Now, crash courses in landscape painting, flower-and-bird painting and stick figure painting in China have long been commonplace. The teacher of the crash course makes painting techniques one-sided and stylized, and then teaches them to students. It seems to help children grow up, but when I think about it, these children painters can only draw a few strokes according to the model given by the teacher. Without this painting method, nothing will happen. This undoubtedly stifled children's imagination and creativity. Art is different from other technologies. It emphasizes originality, similar to music, composition and directing. Art has penetrated into all aspects and spaces of human life since primitive times. Independent artistic creation is only the difference in value and function. It can be said that without human cognition of beauty, our investigation of ancient civilization will be missing an important clue. The word "beauty" in art is the ideal pursuit of aesthetics, aesthetic education and beauty, and has become the spiritual destination of mankind. Its ubiquity in life and spiritual fields, its creativity, spirituality and special energy that can be freely expressed through various tools and materials, as well as its characteristics that it must be perfected through repeated practice and even labor, naturally make art education have a wider influence than other disciplines in quality education.
Researchers at home and abroad have long pointed out that people's artistic activities in childhood began with games and were guided by interest, which is our nature. The enlightenment of children's perception and creativity has special advantages in the cultivation of expressiveness and self-confidence, which is the foundation needed by all kinds of outstanding talents. Even the cultivation of professional art talents, in childhood, what matters is not technology, but sensitivity to beauty and life, and the continuation of interest and feeling. For those parents who are eager to let their children become talents, the idea of teaching their children "one skill at a time" is a complete misunderstanding, lacking the consciousness of combining art with divergent thinking. We should constantly reflect and have clear analytical judgment ability. Such is the art education in China now. The modular teaching content makes students subject to a set of conventional restrictions. Nowadays, art education often habitually emphasizes skill standards and grades, and even induces utilitarianism. The result is either "imitation show" or rebellion. If China does not have a large number of art-loving groups with sound minds and high aesthetic standards in the future, how can there be new artistic prosperity?
How many students who graduated from pure art departments such as Chinese painting, oil painting and printmaking in the Academy of Fine Arts can become painters and how many can stay as teachers? Most of them have switched to other industries, and graduates can't learn anything useful, which makes it difficult to find jobs and also becomes the dilemma of art education. The theory and skills of pure art cannot be practiced overnight. If you want to make a generation of famous artists, you must have a certain talent and keen insight, which is not something that everyone can reach. Western art is creating life, while China art is escaping from life. China's art education pays too much attention to theory and techniques, and is immersed in his own dreams, which is more practical for art to adapt to modernization. Schools should put an end to stylized teaching methods, encourage students to experience life, show their individuality, give play to their creativity and imagination, cultivate students' creative thinking, and provide students with a more open and free platform.
2. The emphasis on art education is not optimistic.
In China in 1950s, the overall situation of art education was much worse than before, and all kinds of art education were gradually forgotten. Art education is an important part of quality education and the only way to promote students' all-round development, which deserves our attention. For various reasons, art education has not played a corresponding role in basic education for a long time, which has had a negative impact on the quality of talents we have trained. While students receive art education, their personality will be constantly improved. Therefore, art education is not a waste of time as some people think. The cognition of beauty is an important way for the continuation of human communication, and art education is an indispensable part of people's all-round and harmonious development. Art education can coordinate people's minds. Suhomlinski said, "Beauty is a powerful source of moral purity, spiritual richness and physical health." "Without aesthetic education, there is no education." It can be seen that art education can coordinate the formation and development of students' moral structure, coordinate the development of intellectual structure and contribute to the formation of healthy psychology. From a long-term and macroscopic point of view, we have to admit that there are still obvious shortcomings and deficiencies in the current art education methods in China, whether in the educational concept of holistic view, in the setting of curriculum content, or in the teaching system and methods. We should be brave in innovation, dare to break the traditional laws, combine with the actual situation in our country, eliminate methods that do not conform to the teaching laws and lack teaching needs, and increase attention and investment in education. This is the only way out for art education in our country.
References:
[1] Zhu Guangqian, History of Western Aesthetics, Volume II * * * *.
[2] Ye Lang, Outline of the History of Chinese Aesthetics, Shanghai People's Publishing House.
[3] Qin Huang, Game Spirit and Early Childhood Education, Jiangsu Education Press, 2006.
[4] Guo Shengjian, On Art Education, Shanghai Education Press, 1999.
Author: Liu Gan *** 1996-7-***, male, majoring in fine arts.
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