The four outlines of Qingshan are connected with the city, and a river is cold.
A stream of water surrounds the city at the edge of the city, and the mountains outside the city support the county building.
The stream on the city pillow is shallower and more inclined, and Li Bridge is connected with the citizens.
Before and after the house, there is water, and the four pillars are high and low.
Several towers are pillow water, surrounded by battlements and mountains.
Guo Waixi flows outside the mountain, and the peak is long and white.
There are tens of thousands of peaks in the east, west, north and south, and the county seat is like a painting screen.
The water of Luoqing River is a beautiful mountain, and the city is between mountains and rivers.
One river and three streams meet at a distance, and a thousand miles around the city.
The river is surrounded by battlements on three sides, and the mountains around it are locked with smoke.
Flowers and willows on both sides of the strait are all by the water, and all the way up the mountain.
Seven streams all enter the sea, and ten miles of green hills half enter the city.
Lotus on four sides and willow on three sides, one city has mountains, and half the city has lakes.
"Craftsman camp, nine miles, next to three miles. Nine meridians, nine latitudes and nine tracks in junior high school. Renting left and renting right houses are facing the market outlook and the lady city.
Xia Houshi Shishi Shishi, Tang Xiuerqi, Guangyi. Five rooms, three or four steps, four or three feet. Ninth order. There are two windows around, and Bai Sheng. One third of the hall and one third of the room. Yin people attach importance to the house, the hall repairs seven searches, the hall worships three feet, and the four houses are heavy. Zhou Renqing Hall has a banquet of nine feet, nine seats in the east and west, seven seats in the north and south, and one seat in the hall. Five rooms, each with two banquets.
The room is moderate, the class is moderate, the palace is moderate, the wilderness is step by step, and the coating is on the track. The temple gate can accommodate seven big families, the gate can accommodate three small families, the road gate can't take five people's cars, and the door of three people should be the same.
There are nine rooms in which nine wives live; There are nine rooms outside, and nine ladies face each other. Nine points are divided into countries, thinking that nine points and nine points are divided into governance.
There are five pheasants at the palace gate, seven pheasants at the palace corner and nine pheasants at the city corner.
Draw nine tracks, seven tracks around and five tracks in the field.
Man's system is the system of capital; The palace angle system is a vassal system; I think that the prince is painted, and the wild paintings think that they are all painted. "
2. Describe the poetry of the ancient city through the wall surrounding the three Qin areas and separated by a mist that unites the five rivers.
Old friends frequently waved to me, bid farewell to the Yellow Crane Tower, and traveled to Yangzhou in this beautiful spring filled with catkins and flowers. Zhuan is a good place with a loose saddle and a short initial distance.
Warm winds make tourists drunk and make Hangzhou a continent. The water is bright and sunny, and the mountains are cloudy and rainy.
When will the singing and dancing in the West Lake stop? Zhang Yu old county, Hongdu new home.
Three rivers and five lakes in Jin, controlling barbarians and attracting Ouyue. "Looking at the tide, winning in the southeast" Song Sheng is in the southeast, the city of three Wu, Qiantang has been prosperous since ancient times, with hundreds of thousands of people painting bridges with green curtains.
Clouds and trees surround the dike sand, and the raging waves roll frost and snow, and the natural hazards are endless. The city is full of jewels, and every household in Luo Qi is competing for beauty.
Thick lakes overlap and are clear. There are Sanqiu cassia seed and Shili Lotus.
Qiang tube clear sky in Wan Li, night, enjoy the lotus. A thousand riders have high teeth.
Drunk to listen to the flute and drum, enjoy the haze. The map of the future will be good. I will go back to Fengchi to boast.
3. Ancient poems describe the city 1 A bright moon hangs over the capital, and 10,000 washing hammers knock on the incense array for 2 days to penetrate Chang 'an. In March, the city is full of golden flowers, and the air is fresh. Many beautiful people enjoy the cool air by the waterfront of Chang 'an. 4. Listening to songs secretly, we can see that 5,000 Chang 'an Road is like a chess game, and 12 Street is like a vegetable garden, with nine doors in the sky and nine palaces exposed, and many coats.
The palace is next to the mountain, and Yunlin takes Tianbi 8 wind to dance with Sophora japonica and falls into the imperial ditch. The mountains in the south are in autumn. Chang 'an Avenue is more narrow and evil. Qingniu Baima Xiangche (Lu's Ancient Meaning of Chang 'an) 10 Chang 'an seems to be rejuvenated after snow, and the product elements condense Hualian (Wang Yuan's Ancestor) 165438+. Once the building is 100 feet high (Wei's restaurant) 12 Chang 'an Jiucheng Road, Qili Wuhoujia (Huang Furan's Chang 'an Road) 13 Chang 'an looks back at embroidered piles, and the top of the mountain opens a thousand times (the first song of Du Mu's Three Songs of Crossing the Qing Palace).
4. The poem "The country is broken by mountains and rivers, and the vegetation is green in spring" describes what the city looks like in spring.
Author: Du Fu Times: Tang School: Five Laws
Chang' an fell, the country was broken, and only the mountains and rivers remained; Spring has come, and the sparsely populated Chang' an city is densely forested.
Sad state, can not help but burst into tears, amazing birds, leaving sorrow and hate.
The war lasted for more than half a year, and letters from home were rare, with a hundred thousand gold.
Twisting with melancholy, scratching my head and thinking, the more I scratch my white hair, I can hardly insert a hairpin.
Precautions:
1, Guopo: The capital Chang 'an was occupied by rebels.
2, feel that sentence: because I sigh about current events, I will cry when I see flowers.
3. hey: it's simply.
4, invincible: because of less hair, even the hair clasp can not be inserted.
Rhyme translation:
Chang 'an fell into the country, leaving only mountains and rivers.
Spring has come, the city is empty, sparsely populated and the vegetation is dense and deep.
Affectionate state affairs face flowers, and tears are hard to stop.
The separation of parents and birds is thrilling and only increases hatred.
Since the beginning of spring, wars have been frequent and spread in March.
Home? There is little news from the country, and a letter is worth thousands of dollars.
Sorrow is entangled in scratching my head and thinking, and my white hair is getting shorter and shorter.
Hair loss is so short that it can hardly be inserted.
Comments:
? In July (756), in the fifteenth year of Tianbao, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, the Anshi Rebellion captured Chang 'an, and Su Zong ascended the throne in Lingwu, and changed the Yuan Dynasty.
Virtue. On his way to Lingwu, Du Fu was captured by the rebels to Chang 'an, and wrote this poem the following year (the second year of Zhide).
? The poet witnessed Chang 'an's flute falling and homesickness in adversity, and he couldn't help feeling deeply. Poetic
One, two couplets, writing the defeat of Spring City, full of sighs; Three or four couplets are about relatives, full of feelings of separation.
? The whole poem is calm, sincere and natural, which embodies the poet's feelings of loving the motherland and caring for his family. Xu Ying today.
Pei and Zhou Rongquan commented on this poem: "The meaning is straightforward, the scenery is not free, and the feelings are strong but not shallow."
Dew, rich in content but not miscellaneous, rigorous but not rigid. "This theory is quite appropriate." A letter from home is worth a ton of gold ".
Famous sayings handed down through the ages.
-Quoted from "Ultra-pure Zhai Shi" bookbest. 163.net Translation and comments: Liu Jianxun.
From Tang Suzong to Deyuanzai (756), in June, An Shi Rebellion captured Chang 'an, Tang Dou. In July, Du Fu heard the news of Tang Suzong's accession to the throne in Lingwu, and made his home in Qiang Village, Zhangzhou, and went to Su Zong. On the way, he was captured by rebels and taken to Chang 'an. He was not imprisoned because of his humble position. Hope in Spring was written in March of the following year.
The first four sentences of the poem are about the defeat of the spring city, full of sighs; The last four sentences are about the situation of relatives, full of feelings of separation. The whole poem is calm, sincere and natural.
"Although the country is divided, the mountains and rivers remain forever, and the vegetation turns green in spring." At the beginning, I wrote what I saw in spring: the capital fell and the city was broken. Although the mountains and rivers are still there, there are grass everywhere and the trees are gray. A word "broken" makes people stunned, and another word "deep" makes people sad. Sima Guang said: "The mountains and rivers are all there, and there is nothing in the Ming Dynasty." : the vegetation is deep and no one is there. "("Wen Gong Xu Shi ") The poet here clearly wrote about scenery, but in fact he expressed his feelings. He entrusted his feelings to things and scenery, creating an atmosphere for the whole poem. This couplet is ingenious, mature, natural and poetic. "The destruction of the country" is opposite to "the spring of the city". The ruins of "National Destruction and Death" are in sharp contrast with the wealthy businessmen in "Spring in the City". "The country is broken" followed by "there are mountains and rivers", which means the opposite and is unexpected; "Spring in the City" was originally a beautiful scenery, but the suffix "deeply planted" is ridiculous and contradictory, one after another. In the Ming Dynasty, Hu Zhenheng spoke highly of this couplet, saying that "duality is not implicit, but it changes vertically and horizontally, making it more stereotyped, more implicit and deeper, and taking justice from nature." ("Tang Yin Gui Qian" Volume 9)
"Petals fall like tears, and lonely birds sing their sorrows." The general explanation of these two sentences is that flowers and birds are originally recreational things, but they hate parting because of their feelings, which makes the poet cry. Another explanation is that flowers and birds personify people and feel sad when they leave. Flowers also splash tears and birds are heartbroken. Although their theories are different, their spirit can be interlinked, one is touching the scene and the other is feeling deeply, which shows the richness of good poetry.
The first four sentences of the poem are all in the word "Wang". Poets look at it from near to far, from far to near, from cities to mountains and rivers, and from cities to flowers and birds. Feelings are from hidden to obvious, from weak to strong, step by step. In the change of scenery and emotion, it seems that the poet gradually turned from longing for the scenery to overlooking and thinking about the scenery, and naturally transitioned to the second half-missing his loved ones.
"After three months of war, a letter from home is worth a ton of gold." From the Anshi Rebellion, "the war was fierce and the countryside was broken", and the war continues until the end of March and spring. How I look forward to hearing from my relatives at home. At this moment, a letter from home is really better than "tiger balm"! "A letter from home is worth a ton of gold" wrote the long-awaited urgency of news isolation. This is the idea in everyone's mind, which naturally makes people * * * sound, thus becoming a famous sentence that has been told through the ages.
"I stroked my white hair. It has become so thin that it can no longer hold hairpins. "There are bonfires everywhere, and my family doesn't trust me. I miss the tragic image in the distance, and I look at the scene of decline in front of me. I don't feel bored and hesitant, but my hair is sparse and short. "White hair" is caused by worry, "scratching" is an action to relieve worry, and "shorter" indicates the degree of worry. In this way, in addition to the grief of national demise and death, sighing and aging will add another layer of sadness.
This poem reflects the poet's good sentiment of loving his country and his family. The meaning is not straight, the scenery is not free, the emotion is strong but not superficial, the content is rich but not miscellaneous, the meter is rigorous but not rigid, and it is written clearly, so it has been circulated for more than 1,200 years.